Arkansas - Agricultural Communication Services - University of ...

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Arkansas Animal Science Department Report 2001 Table 5. Estimated forage intake a , nutrients available and requirements b for cows by treatment. Treatment Diet Pounds DM fed lb TDN lb CP or estimated intake Control Savoy 19.68 11.49 3.16 Fescue Total 19.68 11.49 3.16 supplied Requirement 26.80 15.70 2.71 Balance -7.12 -4.21 0.45 Corn Savoy 19.68 11.49 3.16 Fescue Corn 1.76 1.58 0.17 Total 21.44 13.07 3.33 supplied Requirement 26.80 15.70 2.71 Balance -5.36 0.62 Corn-Soy Savoy 19.68 11.49 3.16 Fescue Corn 1.32 1.18 0.13 Soybean meal 0.45 0.39 0.22 Total supplied 21.45 13.06 3.51 Requirement 26.80 15.70 2.71 Balance -5.35 -- 0.80 a Estimated forage intake is calculated as 120 divided by the forage NDF expressed as a percentage times body weight. b Nutrient requirements are from NRC (1996), based on a mature cow weight of 1200 lb, with 20 lb of peak milk. 60
Growth-Performance and Shrink by Stocker Calves Grazing Bermudagrass Pastures and Fed Different Levels of Grain Sorghum K. Coffey, 1 W. K. Coblentz, 1 and G. Montgomery 2 Story in Brief A 48-day grazing study was conducted to evaluate the effect of feeding no supplemental grain sorghum or ground grain sorghum at 0.5 or 1% of body weight (BW) on growth-performance and shrink by stocker cattle grazing bermudagrass in the summer. A total of 72 mixed-breed stocker steers and heifers (490±8.4 lb) were allocated randomly by weight and sex into nine groups and grazed bermudagrass pastures from June 29 until August 16, 2000. Calves were fed 0, 2.5, or 5 lb/day of ground grain sorghum on Monday through Friday. Calves fed 5 lb/day of grain sorghum were heavier (P < 0.10) than calves from the other groups, and had faster (P = 0.11) weight gain (0.43 lb/day) than those fed no grain. Gain by calves fed 2.5 lb/day grain were numerically improved (0.12 lb/day) compared with calves fed no grain, and numerically lower (0.31 lb/day) than from calves fed 5 lb/day, but did not differ statistically (P > 0.11) from either group. Supplemental grain level did not affect (P > 0.10) calf shrink. Therefore, supplemental grain fed at 1% of BW may be used to improve weight gain by calves grazing bermudagrass during the summer, but conversion efficiencies should be considered to determine if the supplement is economical or not. Introduction Grains are often fed to grazing cattle to improve rate of gain. Calf gains may be improved substantially during lateseason grazing of bermudagrass by supplementation with low levels of grain (Gunter and Phillips, 1998), but those gains may still be lower than desired. When supplemental grain levels reach approximately 0.5% of body weight, forage intake may be suppressed (Lusby and Horn, 1991), leading to inefficient conversion of the supplemental grain to additional body weight gain. However, without the additional energy supplementation, gains may not be adequate to reach marketing objectives of the producer. The objective of this study was to compare growth-performance by stocker cattle grazing bermudagrass and fed different levels of grain sorghum. Experimental Procedures Seventy-two mixed-breed stocker steers and heifers were received at the University of Arkansas Southeast Research and Extension Center in Monticello on June 16, 2000 and had received respiratory and clostridial vaccinations and a growth-promoting implant prior to arrival at the station. Calves initially grazed a bermudagrass pasture as a group. Calves were weighed on June 28 and 29 without prior removal from pasture and water, were stratified by weight and sex, and allocated randomly to one of nine groups. The groups were then allocated randomly to receive no grain sorghum (0GS), or 2.5 (2.5GS) or 5 lb/d (5GS) Monday through Friday of ground grain sorghum. These levels were chosen to represent feeding grain at either 0.5, or 1% of body weight. Groups of calves were then allocated randomly to one of nine bermudagrass pastures for a 48-day study. All calves were offered free-choice access to a commercial mineral mix containing lasalocid. Pastures were fertilized with a complete commercial fertilizer to provide 50 lb/acre of each of N, P2O5, and K in late May and 50 lb/acre N in early July. Calves were weighed on July 27 without prior removal from pasture and water for an intermediate weight. On August 16 beginning at 0700 h, calves on 2.5GS and 5GS treatments were fed their respective supplement amounts, were allowed to consume the supplement, and were then removed from pasture along with 0GS calves. They were immediately weighed, then placed in small pens without feed or water. Calves were weighed at 2-hour increments through the following 10-hour period to determine the impact of grain supplement level on subsequent shrink. All animal weight and shrink data were analyzed statistically using SAS (SAS Institute, Inc., Cary, NC.) procedures for a completely randomized design. Results and Discussion Final body weight was heavier (P < 0.10) from calves fed 5GS than those on 0GS or 2.5GS treatments (Table 1). Total gain tended to be greater (P = 0.11) from calves fed 5GS than from those on 0GS, but gain from calves fed 2.5GS did not differ (P > 0.11) from those on either 0GS or 5GS. At 1 Department of Animal Science, Fayetteville 2 Southeast Research and Extension Center, Monticello 61
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Arkansas Animal Science Department
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spine copy ARKANSAS ANIMAL SCIENCE
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INTRODUCTION The faculty and staff
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COMMON ABBREVIATIONS Abbreviation T
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The Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizati
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Influence of Moisture Concentration
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Impact of Spontaneous Heating Durin
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Yield and Nutritive Value of Easter
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2000 Dairy Herd Improvement Herds i
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The Impact of Multiple Antimicrobia
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The Impact of Multiple Antimicrobia
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The Use of Hurdle Technology to Red
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Consumer Acceptability of Forage Fe
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