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Arkansas Animal Science Department Report 2001 Examined were proportion of treatment successes, failures, BRD relapses, average medication cost, ADG and cost per pound of gain. The cost per pound of gain included feed cost, medication, processing and chute charges. Average daily gain, medication cost and cost per pound of gain were statistically analyzed by ANOVA (SAS Inst. Inc., Cary, NC). Differences in the percentage of treatment successes, failures and relapses for home and hospital pen were analyzed with a Goodness of Fit Test using the chi-square distribution. Experiment 2. One-hundred-twenty-six stocker calves (heifers, bulls and steers) with weights ranging from 213 to 415 lb, were purchased from several salebarns in Central Arkansas and delivered as a group to the University of Arkansas Beef Cattle Research Facility in Savoy. Initial processing was identical to that for experiment 1, with the exception that no anthelmintic treatment was given. All treatments and randomizations were identical to experiment 1, however, the calves were only observed for illness for 14 days rather than 28 days. Statistical analysis was performed in a similar fashion to experiment one. Results and Discussion Implications Results of this study indicate that in a small facility with well-managed hospital and home pens there is no advantage to maintaining a hospital facility. It should be noted, however, that there is an increased amount of labor involved with handling and re-handling of sick animals in the home pen. It is much easier to observe and re-treat animals that are kept in a hospital facility. Regardless of method used, there is no substitute for good management when it comes to enhancing treatment success for BRD in a stocker or feedlot facility. Literature Cited Lechtenberg, K. F., et al. 1998. Vet. Clinics of N.A.: Food Animal Practice, pp. 177–197. Smith, R. A., et al. 1993. Agri-Practice: Roundtable Discussion, Part 1, 14(8):10. USDA. 1999. USDA:APHIS:VS, CEAH, National Animal Health Monitoring System. Ft. Collins, CO. #N327.0500. The probability of treatment success, treatment failure and relapse from BRD of animals recovering in the hospital pens did not differ from those that were returned to their home pen after initial treatment (Table 4; P = 0.30). The initial clinical illness scores were not statistically different between the groups indicating that the level of illness was about equal for each group (Table 5). Average medication cost, ADG and cost per pound of gain were not significantly different between the groups (Table 5). Results were the same for experiment 2 (Tables 6 and 7) in that there were no statistical differences between groups for any trait. There was a higher percentage of successes in the hospital group than the home group in experiment 1 (94% vs 76%), while in experiment 2 there was a higher percentage of successes in the home group than in the hospital group (84% vs 75%); however, these percentages were not statistically different between groups for either experiment. The hospital pens at this facility were well managed, providing adequate space and optimum nutrition. In addition, the additional labor cost for sorting out animals from their home pen to assess treatment success was not calculated. Labor cost calculation would have been difficult since there were different numbers of people working each day and each person is at a different pay scale. It is speculated that if this could have been easily done, there may have been an economic advantage to keeping the animals in the hospital during recovery. The effect on morbidity to pen mates from sending treated animals back to their home pens was not evaluated. One also needs to consider there were only 21 animals in each lot. This provided adequate room and bunk space and translates into a relatively low stress situation. In a dry lot with 80 to 100 animals per pen the results may have been different. Additional studies would be indicated to assess these effects. 80
AAES Research Series 488 Table 1. Criteria for evaluation of bovine respiratory disease. Clinical signs Depression Purulent ocular/nasal discharge Labored breathing Coughing Lameness Rectal temperature ≥ 104°F Table 2. Clinical illness scores (CIS) for calves treated for bovine respiratory disease (BRD) a CIS Description Clinical Appearance 1 Normal No abnormal signs noted 2 Slightly ill Mild depression, gaunt, +/- ocular/nasal discharge Ocular/nasal discharge, gaunt, lags behind other animals in the group, coughing, labored breathing, moderate depression, 3 Moderately ill +/- rough hair coat, weight loss Severe depression, labored breathing, purulent ocular/nasal 4 Severely ill discharge, not responsive to human approach 5 Moribund Near death a Modified from BRD clinical assessment score criteria provided by Dr. David McClary, Elanco Animal Health. Table 3. Treatment Schedule for calves treated for BRD Treatment 1: Treatment 2: Treatment 3: Micotil (10 mg/kg) SQ •Check in 72 hours. If temperature has not dropped 2 degrees, then go to treatment 2. If temperature has not dropped 2 degrees but still is not
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Arkansas Animal Science Department
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spine copy ARKANSAS ANIMAL SCIENCE
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INTRODUCTION The faculty and staff
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COMMON ABBREVIATIONS Abbreviation T
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The Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizati
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Demographics and Academic Success o
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Efficacy of Mannan Oligosaccharide
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Effects of Dietary Magnesium and Ha
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Yield and Nutritive Value of Easter
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2000 Dairy Herd Improvement Herds i
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The Impact of Multiple Antimicrobia
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The Impact of Multiple Antimicrobia
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The Use of Hurdle Technology to Red
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Consumer Acceptability of Forage Fe
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