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Arkansas Animal Science Department Report 2001 Table 5. The main effects of Tasco TM inclusion in the prepartum diet and time of sampling on IgG concentrations (mg/dL) in mammary gland secretions and serum. Time of Sampling Dietary Treatment Item Hour 0 Hour 24 P= Control Tasco P= Cow serum 3037 2948 NS 2956 3035 NS MGS 13330 5037 0.01 8296 8668 NS Table 6. The main effects of Tasco TM inclusion in the prepartum diet and time of sampling on serum concentrations (mg/L) of Cu and Zn. Time of Sampling Dietary Treatment Item Hour 0 Hour 24 P= Control Tasco P= Cow serum, Cu 0.80 0.84 NS 0.79 0.84 NS Cow serum, Zn 0.68 0.65 NS 0.70 0.61 0.05 Calf serum, Cu 0.32 0.42 0.01 0.39 0.37 NS Calf serum, Zn 1.35 1.10 0.09 1.22 1.18 NS IgG (mg/dL) 3500 3204 ± 2143 3000 2500 2000 Control 1500 Tasco 1000 1083 ± 732 500 0 Hour 0 Hour 24 Time Figure 1. IgG Concentrations (mg/dL) in Calf Serum; Time X Dietary Treatment interaction (P < 0.01). 72
Clostridial Immune Response in Beef Cattle That Develop Lesions at the Injection Site 1, 2 T. R. Troxel, 3 M. S. Gadberry, 3 W. T. Wallace, 3 D. L. Kreider, 4 J. D. Shockey, 5 E. A. Colburn, 5 P. Widel, 6 and I. Nicholson 6 Story in Brief An experiment was conducted to compare the clostridial antibody response of beef heifers that do and do not develop injection-site lesions. Heifers were vaccinated (d = 0) with a 2-mL clostridial vaccine (Alpha-7) subcutaneous using the tented technique. Blood samples were collected on d 0, 28, 56, 84 and 112 to determine clostridial antibody titers. On d 28, heifers were visually inspected and palpated for injection-site lesions. Heifers with lesions (64.9%) were designated as the lesion group and those without were designated as the non-lesion group. The mean lesion size (diameter) was 2.2 ± 0.76 inches. The lesioned heifers had elevated antibody titers for Cl. chauvoei on d 28 (P < 0.08) and d 84 (P < 0.07) compared to the non-lesioned heifers. Clostridium sordellii and perfringens type D antibody titers were higher in the lesioned heifers than the non-lesioned heifers on d 28 and 56. These data indicated that antibody titers against clostridial diseases are enhanced when injection-site lesions develop. Therefore, the presence of an injection-site lesion following a clostridial vaccination may not have visual appeal but it does have positive implications for immune response. Introduction Clostridial diseases can affect beef cattle of all ages, but are a primary concern in cattle between 6 mo and 2 yr of age. Feeder cattle are marketed by the time they reach 2 yr of age, therefore, vaccinating for clostridial diseases is a matter for cow-calf producers, stocker cattle operators and feedlot managers. Although clostridial vaccinations are very effective, it has been demonstrated that 5-mL clostridial bacterins injected 376 and 255 d preslaughter produced lesion-site lesions in the sirloin butts of 92.7 and 79.5%, respectively (George et al., 1995). Therefore, the National Cattlemen’s Beef Association’s Beef Quality Assurance Task Force concluded that all products labeled for subcutaneous administration should be administered subcutaneous ahead of the point of the shoulder using the tented method (Executive Summary – 1995, NCBA). This method of administration for clostridial vaccines causes visible injection-site lesions (Beecher, 1995). The objective of this experiment was to compare the clostridial antibody response of calves that develop lesions at the injection site. Experimental Procedures Weaned crossbred heifers (approximately 8 mo of age) from two locations (Fayetteville, AR; 15 head and Greenbrier, AR; 22 head) were vaccinated with a 2-mL clostridial vaccine (Alpha-7 ® , Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica, Inc.). Alpha-7 bacterium-toxoid contains an oil adjuvant and is labeled for a single 2-mL injection. Injections were administered subcutaneous on the left side of the neck using the tented technique with a pistol-grip syringe. Enough toxoid was drawn into the syringe to vaccinate 10 head. Once the pistol-grip syringe was expended, the used 16-gauge, 3/4- inch needle was replaced with a new sterile needle and enough toxoid was withdrawn from the vial to vaccinate 10 additional head. If a needle became bent or burred, it was immediately replaced. The vaccination area was not cleaned and the hair was not clipped. On d 28, heifers were visually inspected and palpated for injection-site lesions. Heifers that developed lesions were designated as the lesion group and those that did not were designated as the non-lesion group. The heifers from the Greenbrier location had received clostridial vaccinations as preweaned calves but the heifers from Fayetteville had not. Heifers within each location were 1 Mention of trade names, proprietary, or specific equipment does not constitute a guarantee of warranty of the product by the University of Arkansas and does not imply approval to the exclusion of other products that may also be suitable. 2 Appreciation is expressed to Ron Everett for the use of his cattle and assistance. 3 Animal Science Section, Cooperative Extension Service, Little Rock. 4 Department Of Animal Science, Fayetteville. 5 Southeast Research and Extension Center, Monticello. 6 Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica, St. Joseph, MO 73
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Arkansas Animal Science Department
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spine copy ARKANSAS ANIMAL SCIENCE
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INTRODUCTION The faculty and staff
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COMMON ABBREVIATIONS Abbreviation T
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The Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizati
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Demographics and Academic Success o
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Efficacy of Mannan Oligosaccharide
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Impact of Spontaneous Heating Durin
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Yield and Nutritive Value of Easter
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2000 Dairy Herd Improvement Herds i
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The Impact of Multiple Antimicrobia
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The Impact of Multiple Antimicrobia
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The Use of Hurdle Technology to Red
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Consumer Acceptability of Forage Fe
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