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Arkansas Animal Science Department Report 2001 Table 2. Live legume ground cover scores of primary growth and regrowth of annual legumes established by planting or natural reseeding in Hope, Arkansas. Legume ground cover (% of plot area) 2000 (planting year) 2001 (reseeding year) Jan 2 Mar 2 May 25 Jan 3 Apr 12 May 18 Species/cultivar primary primary regrowth a primary primary regrowth a Subterranean Clover Denmark 20.0 47.5 0 85.0 100.0 100.0 Goulburn 15.0 50.0 0 65.0 97.0 93.8 Burr Medic Armadillo 38.2 53.8 2.5 3.0 65.0 0.5 BECOM 55.0 77.5 16.2 20.0 37.5 0.5 Button Medic 4.5 16.2 0 16.2 65.0 29.0 Black Medic George 16.2 23.8 92.5 0.2 22.5 0.5 BEBLK 26.2 57.5 0 12.8 14.2 12.5 Balansa Clover Paradana 76.2 94.8 35.0 2.5 42.5 10.2 Rose Clover Overton R18 23.8 57.5 0 2.8 22.5 0 Persian Clover Nitro 38.7 68.8 95.0 6.2 21.2 47.5 LSD b (0.05) c 13.5 16.9 22.0 23.0 20.1 22.2 Cultivar CV b 28.9 21.3 29.6 74.2 28.7 39.9 a Regrowth cover scores are for early-maturing legumes and represent 66 d of regrowth in 2000 and 29 days in 2001. All cultivars represented by values of 0 were later maturing cultivars cut at the second date, and they did not produce any regrowth. b LSD=least significant difference, CV=coefficient of variation. c Cultivar means within columns are different (P < 0.05) when the difference between cultivars is greater than or equal to the LSD value (Fisher’s protected LSD, P < 0.05). 144
Effects Of Monensin and Lasalocid on Mineral Metabolism of Wethers Fed Bermudagrass Hay S. M. Williamson, 1,2 E. B. Kegley, 2 D. L. Galloway, 2 T. J. Wistuba, 2 and K. P. Coffey 2 Story in Brief Twenty-four crossbred wethers (initial BW 85 ± 5.7 lb) were used to evaluate the effects of monensin or lasalocid on mineral metabolism in growing lambs. Wethers were randomly assigned to one of four treatments: 1) control, 2) 33 mg/d monensin, 3) 33 mg/d lasalocid or 4) immediately harvested. A corn-based supplement (0.2 lb DM) was individually fed once daily throughout the experiment to administer monensin or lasalocid. Lambs were allowed ad libitum access to bermudagrass hay and water while housed in individual pens. The average P concentration of the bermudagrass hay was 0.39%. After 35 d, lambs were moved to metabolism crates for total feed, feces, and urine collection. A 7-d collection period followed a 7-d crate adaptation period. After the collection period, lambs were returned to individual pens and continued on dietary treatments until d 77 or 78, when lambs were harvested. Fecal Mg excretion was lower (P < 0.10) and urinary Mg excretion was greater (P < 0.01) for monensin-supplemented lambs when compared to controls. Magnesium absorption, expressed as g/d (P < 0.10) and as a percentage of intake (P < 0.05), was greater for the monensin-fed lambs compared to the controls. Although there were no effects of ionophore supplementation on the retention of P (0.90 g/d and 26%), Ca, or Mg; monensin increased the apparent absorption of Mg in wether lambs. Introduction Previous research has shown that feeding ionophores such as monensin and lasalocid increased the retention of some minerals, including P, by sheep and cattle (Starnes et al., 1984). This effect may prove to be important in the environmentally charged search for ways to increase the retention of certain minerals, such as P, in food animals and especially in ruminants grazing waste-amended pastures. While there has been a great deal of work involving the effect of ionophores on mineral absorption and retention in ruminants fed high-concentrate diets, there has been limited research on the effects of ionophores on mineral absorption and retention in ruminants fed forage-based diets (Spears et al., 1989). Another area in need of further research is the explanation of this increase in mineral retention and particularly to determine the site of increased mineral deposition. Kirk et al. (1985a) suggested that monensin may be acting directly on the animal’s tissues in addition to the digestive system. Therefore, this experiment evaluated the effect of monensin and lasalocid supplementation on mineral metabolism and tissue mineral concentrations of wether lambs fed bermudagrass hay with a high concentration of P. Materials and Methods Twenty-four crossbred wethers (initially averaging 85 ± 5.7 lb) were obtained from a single source. Wethers were blocked by weight and fed bermudagrass hay and a cornbased supplement. Wethers were randomly assigned to one of four treatments (six wethers/treatment): 1) control, 2) 33 mg monensin/d (Rumensin, Elanco Products Corp., Indianapolis, IN), 3) 33 mg lasalocid/d (Bovatec, Hoffmann-La Roche Inc., Nutley, NJ), and 4) immediately harvested at d 0. Lambs from all four treatments were humanely harvested at the University of Arkansas Red-Meat Abattoir following industry-accepted procedures. Wethers assigned to treatments 1, 2, and 3 were allowed to adapt to the diet for 35 d. The adaptation diets included ad libitum access to bermudagrass hay and 0.2 lb DM/wether of one of three supplements (Table 1). Chemical composition of the supplements and hay are shown in Table 2. During the adaptation period, wethers were fed in individual, raised metal pens (3.5 ft x 5 ft). Hay was offered to lambs at 110% of the previous day’s intake. Total collection period. On d 35, wethers were placed in metabolism crates, designed for the total collection of feces and urine. Lambs had ad libitum access to water and continued to receive their appropriate supplement. Hay was fed during the collection phase at 120% of the previous day’s intake. There was a 7-d crate adjustment period followed by a 7-d collection period. Tissue sampling. Wethers were returned to individual pens after the collection period. Treatments were continued until d 77 or 78, when wethers were harvested to obtain tissue samples. Tissue samples and organ weights were obtained from the heart, longissimus muscle, liver, kidney, rumenreticulum, and spleen. 1 Currently with the Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, Fayetteville. 2 Department of Animal Science, Fayetteville. 145
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Arkansas Animal Science Department
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spine copy ARKANSAS ANIMAL SCIENCE
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INTRODUCTION The faculty and staff
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COMMON ABBREVIATIONS Abbreviation T
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The Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizati
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Demographics and Academic Success o
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Efficacy of Mannan Oligosaccharide
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Effects of Dietary Magnesium and Ha
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Effect of Feather Meal on Live Anim
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Maternal Effects for Performance Te
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Supplementation of Beef Cows and He
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Influence of Supplementing Cobalt i
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Long-Term Immune Response of Beef H
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Small Grain Forage for Stocker Catt
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