Biological Invasions of Cold-Water Coastal Ecosystems - Aquatic ...

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Chapt 9C2. Planktonic Cnidaria, Ctenophora, and Pelagic Mollusca, page 9C2- 13 informed me that this species is common in Jakalof Bay within Katchemak Bay, although we did not confirm that location. Remarks. This species was seen swimming well up in the water column at Fairmount Bay and over eelgrass at Tatitlek. It was attached to laminarian kelp in the marina at Cordova.
Chapt 9C2. Planktonic Cnidaria, Ctenophora, and Pelagic Mollusca, page 9C2- 14 NONINDIGENOUS CNIDARIA, (MOST) ALREADY PRESENT IN SOME WEST COAST ESTUARIES that might be positioned to ultimately invade locations in Alaska. CNIDARIA HYDROZOA Bougainvillia muscus (Allman, 1863). Hydroid known on the west coast only from Friday Harbor, Washington (Mills, 1981, as B. ramosa); possibly the same species of Bougainvillia that is a pest/contaminant in some aquariums in California. Temperature tolerances not known. This may actually be a complex of cryptic species rather than one species (Calder, 1988). Blackfordia virginica Mayer, 1910. Hydroids and medusae on the west coast known from north San Francisco Bay and Coos Bay (J. T. Carlton, personal communication); has a wide salinity and temperature tolerance. Also reported from the Chesapeake Bay and several European and Asian harbors, and its apparent point of origin, the Black Sea. Full temperature tolerances not known, but most of Alaska is north of its known distribution. Cladonema radiatum Dujardin, 1843. Hydroids and tiny medusae abundant in eelgrass community in Padilla Bay, Washington, not far from Anacortes and Cherry Point oil terminals. Temperature tolerances not known, but this species is found in numerous locations worldwide, including northern and Mediterranean Europe, its putative natural range. Cordylophora caspia (Pallas, 1771). Hydroid known from the mouth of the Samish River in Samish Bay, not far south of the Cherry Point oil terminals. Is also found in very low salinity tributaries to north San Francisco Bay and elsewhere on the west coast. Requires very low salinity, temperature tolerances not known; assumed to be of Ponto-Caspian origin. Ectopleura crocea (L. Agassiz, 1862). This Atlantic hydroid is probably established in at least California and British Columbia (see photo attributed to this species in Harbo (1999, p. 32). Species of Tubularia/Ectopleura cannot be positively identified without examining the reproductive medusoids, which is rarely done by non-specialists. Maeotias inexspectata Ostroumoff, 1896. Medusae on the west coast known from low salinity tributaries to north San Francisco Bay, seemingly always in salinities less than 15 psu, maybe to as low as 1-2 psu (Mills and Sommer, 1995). Also known intermittently from the Chesapeake Bay and several European estuaries, and its apparent point of origin, the Black Sea and Sea of Azov. Temperature tolerances not known, but most of Alaska is north of its known distribution. This species was newly collected in the Baltic Sea in Estonia in August 1999 (Risto Vainola, pers. comm.). Moerisia spp. Several species in this genus have been described from a variety of widely separated locations worldwide, including some rivers emptying into north San Francisco Bay (J.T. Rees, personal communication), in which both polyps and medusae of this genus have been found. Also known from the Chesapeake Bay. It is not clear how many species are involved
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page i BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS OF COLD
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page iii • Stephan Benda, Valdez
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page v • From an industry and man
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page vii • The magnitude of seaso
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page xi microscopes for the study.
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page xiii 9C9. Echinoderms 9C9-1 9C
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Biological Invasions of Cold-Water Coastal Ecosystems - Aquatic ...

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