Biological Invasions of Cold-Water Coastal Ecosystems - Aquatic ...

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Chapt 10. Biodiversity, page 10- 27 Table 10.4 continued. GENUS SPECIES OTHER NAMES Tritonia Tritonia diomedea festiva BIOREGION SPECIMEN or SOURCE HABITAT NEP NWP AR NWA ORIGIN NIS STATUS REFERENCE to DISTRIBUTION Lee and Foster 1985 ST/Epi II III IV x Lee and Foster 1985 ST/Epi II III IV Lee and Foster 1985 ST/Epi II III IV x Lee and Foster 1985 Lee and Foster 1985 Lee and Foster 1985 Trochuina tetraquetra Cidarina cidaris UAM ST/Epi II III IV Baxter 1987 Lirularia succincta UAM I/Inf II III IV Austin 1985 Margarites beringensis UAM I/Inf II III IV Baxter 1987 Margarites helicinus UAM ST/Inf II x x x Austin 1985 Margarites pupillus UAM ST/Inf II III IV Austin 1985 Solariella varicosa UAM ST/Inf II x Baxter 1987 Solariella obscura UAM ST/Inf II x Austin 1985 Spiromoellaria kachemakens UAM I/ST/Epi II III IV Baxter 1987 Aforia circinata UAM ST/Inf II III IV Baxter 1987 Tachyrhynchus erosus Baxter 1987 ST/Inf II x Austin 1985 Tachyrhynchus reticulatus Baxter 1987 ST/Inf II III IV Austin 1985 Velutina plicatilis Baxter 1987 ST/Epi II x Austin 1985 Velutina prolongata Baxter 1987 ST/Epi II III IV Austin 1985 Velutina rubra Foster 2000 I/Epi II III IV Austin 1985 Velutina undata Baxter 1987 ST/Epi II x x x Austin 1985 Volumitra alaskana UAM ST/Epi II III IV Baxter 1987 Arctomelon stearnsii UAM ST/Epi II III IV Austin 1985 Janolus fuscus Goddard 2000 ST/Epi II III IV SE Alaska nr Goddard 2000 Turgeon et al. Clio pyramidata Cooney 1987 P x x x 1998 Cryptochiton stelleri UAM I/ST/Epi II III IV Baxter 1987 Lepidozona interstincta Ischnochiton UAM ST/Epi II III IV Baxter 1987 Stenonemus albus Ischnochiton UAM ST/Epi II x Baxter 1987 Leptochiton rugatus UAM I/ST/Epi II III IV x Austin 1985 Katherina tunicata UAM I/Epi II III IV Baxter 1987 Mopalia laevior UAM I/ST/Epi II III IV Austin 1985 Mopalia lignosa UAM I/ST/Epi II III IV Baxter 1987 Mopalia ciliata UAM I/ST/Epi II III IV Baxter 1987 Mopalia cirrata UAM I/ST/Epi II III IV Baxter 1987 Mopalia mucosa UAM I/ST/Epi II III IV Baxter 1987 Mopalia spectabilis Baxter 1987 I/ST/Epi II III IV Baxter 1987 Mopalia swanii UAM I/ST/Epi II III IV Austin 1985 Placiphorella rufa UAM I/ST/Epi II III IV Austin 1985 Schizoplax brandtii UAM I/Epi II III IV x Austin 1985 Tonicella insignis Ischnochitonidae Foster 2000 I/ST/Epi II III IV Baxter 1987 Tonicella lineata Ischnochitonidae UAM I/ST/Epi II III IV Baxter 1987 Tonicella rubra Ischnochitonidae UAM I/ST/Epi II x Baxter 1987 Rhabdus rectius Dentalium dalli UAM ST/Inf II III IV Baxter 1987 Pulsellum salishorum UAM ST/Inf II III IV Baxter 1987 Polyschides tolmei Cadulus stearnsi UAM ST/Inf II III IV Baxter 1987
Chapt 10. Biodiversity, page 10- 28 Arthropoda Chelicerata and Pycnogonida are relatively scarce in Prince William Sound compared to Crustacea. Seven of the ten pycnogonid species are included in the data set based on UAM specimens, One Acarina and one pseudoscorpion are frequently observed in the high intertidal zone of southeastern and south-central Alaska. Crustacea make up about 28% of the animal species listed in the data set (Table 10.5). We list 172 copepods, (including planktonic species from the Gulf of Alaska which may be present occasionally in Prince William Sound), 105 decapods, 105 amphipods, 21 cumacean, 19 isopods, and smaller numbers of others. Several taxa (e.g. Ostracoda) are probably very much under-counted. Six copepods, one amphipod, and two ostracods are identified to the family level, and no further. A large number of small crustacea, mostly harpacticoid copepods and amphipods have not been identified to species. Two species, the amphipod Jassa sp./marmorata and the copepod Leimia vaga are possible NIS, but this number probably represents an underestimate. Cordell (2000) pointed out that “Harpacticoid copepods may be particularly likely to be transported and introduced because as a group they have successfully occupied almost all benthic and epibenthic habitats. … The paucity of studies of harpacticoid taxonomy in the northeastern Pacific makes it nearly impossible to determine whether or not a given species has been introduced without extensive distribution or genetic studies.” We have not included an inventory of parasitic cirripedia or isopods, but several species of these were recorded by Hines et al. (2000). Sources for information of Crustacea include Barnard 1969 (amphipods), Butler 1980 (shrimp), Hart 1982 (crabs), and Schultz 1969 and Squires and Figueria 1974 (isopods). J. Chapman (2000) contributed to the information on Pericarida, and J. Cordell (2000) to our knowledge of the harpacticoid Copepoda. Records for the planktonic crustacea derive from unpublished data compiled from T. Cooney’s Sound Ecosystem Analysis project of 1994-1998. We found eleven new records for the occurrence of Crustacea. The third major group of Arthropoda, marine and brackish water insects, have not been surveyed in any detail in the area. For insects, Austin (1985) lists eight Coleoptera, and 12 Diptera with ranges that include Alaska.
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page i BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS OF COLD
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page xiii 9C9. Echinoderms 9C9-1 9C
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