Resource Guide for Organic Insect and Disease ... - Cornell University

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eductions over 50% and significant reductions between 50% and 75%. “Poor control” includes results with less than 50% control. The number of trials (Y-axis) refers to studies conducted between 2000-2010. Soil and seed treatments with T. harzianum have been tested against a number of soil-borne pathogens, and foliar applications have been tested against late blight on potato and bacterial speck and gray mold on tomato with fair to poor results (Figure 1). Diseases for which fair control was observed include Rhizoctonia canker on potato with in-furrow application, Number of Trials Good control Fair control Poor control 4 3 2 1 0 Le)uce -‐ downy mildew Le)uce -‐ powdery mildew Le)uce -‐ drop -‐ S. minor Trichoderma virens Efficacy Le)uce -‐drop -‐ S. sclero:orum Potato -‐ black scurf Potato -‐ scab Potato -‐ Rhizoctonia canker Crop -‐ Pest Figure 2. Efficacy of T. virens. Spinach -‐ damping-‐off Snap bean -‐ Fusarium root rot Strawberry -‐ charcoal rot T. asperellum and T. gamsii Efficacy 3 Good Control Fair Control Poor Control Number of Trials 2 1 0 Le(uce drop -‐ S. minor Le(uce drop -‐ S. sclero7orum Pepper -‐ Phytophthora blight Summer squash -‐ Phytophthora blight Tomato -‐ Fusarium wilt Crop -‐ Pest Figure 3. Efficacy of T. asperellum and T. gamsii mixtures. Tomato -‐ southern blight Tomato -‐ gray mold Organic Resource Guide 183
Trichoderma atroviridae Efficacy Good Control Fair Control Poor Control 5 Number of Trials 4 3 2 1 0 Grape -‐ Botry2s bunch rot Grape -‐ powdery mildew Snap bean -‐ Fusarium root rot Potato -‐ black scurf Crop -‐ Pest Figure 4. Efficacy of T. atroviridae. Fusarium surface rot of sweet potato with post-harvest treatment, and late blight of potato with foliar application. Seed and soil treatments with Trichoderma virens have been tested against soil-borne pathogens with mostly poor results; one exception was a “good” trial against damping-off in spinach. Foliar applications have been tested against powdery mildew, downy mildew, and Sclerotinia drop in lettuce with fair to poor results (Figure 2). Products containing of mixtures of Trichoderma asperellum and T. gamsii have showed mostly poor results in soil and foliar applications against a number of pathogens, with the exception of one “fair” result against Phytophthora blight in summer squash (Figure 3). Trichoderma atroviride has been tested as foliar applications against Botrytis bunch rot (good results) and downy mildew of grape (poor results). Results have been poor in soil applications and seed treatments against Fusarium root rot of snap beans and black scurf of potato (Figure 4). Foliar applications of Trichoderma lignorum showed poor results against late blight in potato (one trial only). A soil drench of Clonostachys roseum var. catenulatum gave “fair” control in one trial against Fusarium root and stem rot in cucumber. REFERENCES Biopesticides Registration Action Document. (2010). Trichoderma asperellum strain ICC 012. PC Code 119208. US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Pesticide Programs, Biopesticides and Pollution Prevention Division. Biopesticides Registration Action Document. (2010). Trichoderma gamsii strain ICC 080. PC Code 119207. US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Pesticide Programs, Biopesticides and Pollution Prevention Division. Harman, G. E. (2011). Trichoderma-not just for biocontrol anymore. Phytoparasitica, 39,103- 108. 184 Organic Resource Guide
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RESOURCE GUIDE FOR ORGANIC INSECT A
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ii Organic Resource Guide
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iv Organic Resource Guide
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vi Organic Resource Guide
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2 Organic Resource Guide bibliograp
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ORGANIC INSECT AND DISEASE CONTROL
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6 Organic Resource Guide tion becau
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8 Organic Resource Guide to female
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4. There is some varietal tolerance
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Cultural Control: 1. Use clean garl
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14 Organic Resource Guide Cultural
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16 Organic Resource Guide REFERENCE
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2. Rotenone is recommended in the o
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CRUCIFER (Phyllotreta cruciferae) a
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II. DISEASE CONTROL________________
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Cultural Control: 1. Maintain soil
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Cultural Control: 1. Destroying cro
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2. Legume cover crops are good host
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Cultural Control: Maintain recommen
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34 Organic Resource Guide Materials
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PIPE and beginning applications bef
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By the time injury to the plant is
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Materials Approved for Organic Prod
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lowing spores. If in contact with d
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esistant varieties, there are still
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52 Organic Resource Guide 2. Sluggo
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54 Organic Resource Guide 4. Manage
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EUROPEAN CORN BORER (Ostrinia nubil
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corn borer eggs. Usually, all of th
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Organic Insect and Disease Control
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2. Crop rotation is recommended. 3.
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soil either as pupae or larvae. In
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CAVITY SPOT (Pythium sp.) Cavity sp
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Photo 1.9 Botrytis porri on garlic.
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CHAPTER 2 - Brassica Photo 2.1 Cabb
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Photo 2.14 Alternaria leaf spot sym
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CHAPTER 4 - Cucurbits Photo 4.1 Squ
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Photo 4.13 Young powdery mildew les
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Photo 5.12 Anthracnose on bean (cou
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CHAPTER 7 - Solanaceous Photo 7.5 C
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Photo 7.17 Black scurf of potato (r
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CHAPTER 8 - Sweetcorn Photo 8.1 Cor
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Photo 8.14 BMSB Adult (photo courte
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Photo 9.9 Cercospora leaf blight on
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MATERIAL FACT SHEET Bacillus subtil
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106 Organic Resource Guide from tol
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Because university trials are often
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The spray deposit may only last for
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In Figure 1, “good control” mea
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FORMULATION AND APPLICATION GUIDELI
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A summary of university field trial
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AVAILABILITY AND SOURCES: Available
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MATERIAL FACT SHEET Coniothyrium mi
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14 Contans Efficacy Good Fair
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Cueva Fungicide Concentrate (W Neud
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Chronic Toxicity: Vineyard sprayers
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MATERIAL FACT SHEET Hydrogen Peroxi
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level of pest control is likely to
Page 139 and 140: MATERIAL FACT SHEET Kaolin clay 132
Page 141 and 142: eetle in field trials; however, it
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Page 147 and 148: Other: There is one study showing f
Page 149 and 150: products. Best results were obtaine
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Page 163 and 164: 156 Organic Resource Guide spotted
Page 165 and 166: Pest Reduction Relative to Untreate
Page 167 and 168: MATERIAL FACT SHEET Rotenone MATERI
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Page 173 and 174: Striped and Spotted Cucumber Beetle
Page 175 and 176: MATERIAL FACT SHEET Streptomyces ly
Page 177 and 178: Streptomyces lydicus Efficacy: Vege
Page 179 and 180: MATERIAL FACT SHEET Sulfur MATERIAL
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Page 183 and 184: Bernard et al (2010) found minor de
Page 185 and 186: Efficacy of Elemental Sulfur Ag
Page 187 and 188: MATERIAL FACT SHEET Trichoderma and
Page 189: AVAILABILITY AND SOURCES Products v
Page 193 and 194: APPENDIX A Plant Resistance to Inse
Page 195 and 196: APPENDIX B Habitats for Beneficial
Page 197 and 198: APPENDIX C Trap Cropping and Insect
Page 199 and 200: 192 Organic Resource Guide Michanec
Page 201 and 202: Inert ingredients are not necessari
Page 203 and 204: 196 Organic Resource Guide RESOURCE
Page 205 and 206: Occurrence Cultural 1=sporadic, con
Page 207 and 208: Plant Management Network. A non-pro
Page 209: Nu Cop® 50 WP Ortho® elementals G
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