Resource Guide for Organic Insect and Disease ... - Cornell University

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ISSUES OF CONCERN In some cases, certain products may be marketed as EPA-exempt by listing an active ingredient that appears on the “25b” list, while claiming all other ingredients are non-active (inert ingredient). This claim could cause confusion as to the organic status of the product because the NOP regulations are different for active and inert ingredients. For instance, vinegar is permitted in exempt products only as a non-active ingredient at less than 8% concentrations. Acetic acid at levels over 8% is considered to be a List 4B inert, which is not permitted in 25b exempt products. A number of herbicides based on acetic acid are on the market, some registered and others claiming to be exempt, with citric acid or some other ingredient listed as the active. Producers should carefully examine the list of ingredients in all exempt products to assess compliance with NOP requirements and to make sure they are aware of all ingredients, both active and inert. Exempt products are entitled to make an organic production claim, but such claims are not verified by the EPA. Making either a verbal or a written pesticidal claim for a specific product that is not registered by the EPA or legally exempt from EPA registration may be considered a violation of federal law. Farmers who use unregistered pesticides may be in violation of FIFRA if their use of such pesticides results in illegal residues on crops. Although some unregistered or non-exempt products may be on the market, they cannot be researched or recommended by university Extension personnel, making it difficult to assess efficacy for unregistered products. EPA ORGANIC LABEL PROGRAM The EPA established a voluntary labeling program in 2003 that permits the use of the phrase “for organic production” on pesticide labels for products that are compliant with NOP regulations. The EPA reviews product formulations to verify that the active and inert ingredients are, in fact, compliant. They do not permit this phrase to be used if other (alternate), non-compliant formulations are marketed under the same registration number. The EPA also requires that all label instructions are consistent with organic standards. Organic growers may continue to use pesticide products that do not display the EPA approval if these products comply with the NOP rules. Some pesticide formulators may not want to limit pesticide instructions to only organic uses, so these products will not have the EPA organic label. For instance, soaps are currently on the NOP list as an insecticide but not as a fungicide, so reformulating products labeled for both uses to remove the unlisted/unapproved use would be undesirable for pesticide producers. Products approved under this program may bear the logo and words: For Organic Production. Pesticide products that are exempt from EPA registration may make an organic claim but are not subject to EPA review. They are, however, subject to enforcement actions if their claims are fraudulent. A number of the permitted active ingredients for 25b-exempt products are synthetic and not permitted as active ingredients according to the NOP National List, including sodium lauryl sulfate, lauryl sulfate, 2-Phenethyl Propionate, potassium sorbate. EPA registered products that carry the “for organic production” label have been verified as meeting the NOP requirements. Unregistered products that claim EPA exemption and “for organic production” should be reviewed carefully by users to make sure they do, in fact, meet NOP requirements. Growers are encouraged to check with their certifier before using a product. Organic Resource Guide 195
196 Organic Resource Guide RESOURCES EPA FIFRA regulations. (1996). Retrieved from: http://www.epa.gov/lawsregs/laws/fifra.html. EPA Lists of Inert Ingredients. (1989). Retrieved from: http://www.epa.gov/opprd001/inerts/ oldlists.html. EPA Pesticide Registration Notice: Labeling of Pesticide Products under the National Organic Program. (2003). Retrieved from: http://www.epa.gov/oppbppd1/biopesticides/ regtools/organic-pr-notice.htm. EPA Pesticide Registration Notice: Minimum Risk Pesticides Exempt from Registration. (2000). Retrieved from: http://www.epa.gov/PR_Notices/pr2000-6.pdf. Oregon Dept. of Agriculture. (2002). 2002 Fact Sheet for Vinegar /Acetic Acid Recommendations. Retrieved from: http://oregonstate.edu/dept/nursery-weeds/ weedspeciespage/acetic_acid_factsheet.pdf. USDA-NOP National List. (2012). Retrieved from: http://www.ams.usda.gov/nop/NationalList/ ListHome.html .
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RESOURCE GUIDE FOR ORGANIC INSECT A
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ii Organic Resource Guide
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iv Organic Resource Guide
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vi Organic Resource Guide
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2 Organic Resource Guide bibliograp
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ORGANIC INSECT AND DISEASE CONTROL
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6 Organic Resource Guide tion becau
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8 Organic Resource Guide to female
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4. There is some varietal tolerance
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Cultural Control: 1. Use clean garl
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14 Organic Resource Guide Cultural
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16 Organic Resource Guide REFERENCE
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2. Rotenone is recommended in the o
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CRUCIFER (Phyllotreta cruciferae) a
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II. DISEASE CONTROL________________
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Cultural Control: 1. Maintain soil
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Cultural Control: 1. Destroying cro
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2. Legume cover crops are good host
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Cultural Control: Maintain recommen
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34 Organic Resource Guide Materials
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PIPE and beginning applications bef
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By the time injury to the plant is
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Materials Approved for Organic Prod
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lowing spores. If in contact with d
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esistant varieties, there are still
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52 Organic Resource Guide 2. Sluggo
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54 Organic Resource Guide 4. Manage
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EUROPEAN CORN BORER (Ostrinia nubil
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corn borer eggs. Usually, all of th
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Organic Insect and Disease Control
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2. Crop rotation is recommended. 3.
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soil either as pupae or larvae. In
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CAVITY SPOT (Pythium sp.) Cavity sp
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Photo 1.9 Botrytis porri on garlic.
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CHAPTER 2 - Brassica Photo 2.1 Cabb
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Photo 2.14 Alternaria leaf spot sym
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CHAPTER 4 - Cucurbits Photo 4.1 Squ
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Photo 4.13 Young powdery mildew les
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Photo 5.12 Anthracnose on bean (cou
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CHAPTER 7 - Solanaceous Photo 7.5 C
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Photo 7.17 Black scurf of potato (r
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CHAPTER 8 - Sweetcorn Photo 8.1 Cor
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Photo 8.14 BMSB Adult (photo courte
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Photo 9.9 Cercospora leaf blight on
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MATERIAL FACT SHEET Bacillus subtil
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106 Organic Resource Guide from tol
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Because university trials are often
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The spray deposit may only last for
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In Figure 1, “good control” mea
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FORMULATION AND APPLICATION GUIDELI
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A summary of university field trial
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AVAILABILITY AND SOURCES: Available
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MATERIAL FACT SHEET Coniothyrium mi
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14 Contans Efficacy Good Fair
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Cueva Fungicide Concentrate (W Neud
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Chronic Toxicity: Vineyard sprayers
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MATERIAL FACT SHEET Hydrogen Peroxi
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level of pest control is likely to
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MATERIAL FACT SHEET Kaolin clay 132
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eetle in field trials; however, it
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MATERIAL FACT SHEET Neem (azadirach
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OMRI LISTED (This is a partial list
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Other: There is one study showing f
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products. Best results were obtaine
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Page 153 and 154: Fish based oils Oleum Fish Oil (Ali
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Page 165 and 166: Pest Reduction Relative to Untreate
Page 167 and 168: MATERIAL FACT SHEET Rotenone MATERI
Page 169 and 170: maternal mortality was seen at this
Page 171 and 172: 164 Organic Resource Guide accurate
Page 173 and 174: Striped and Spotted Cucumber Beetle
Page 175 and 176: MATERIAL FACT SHEET Streptomyces ly
Page 177 and 178: Streptomyces lydicus Efficacy: Vege
Page 179 and 180: MATERIAL FACT SHEET Sulfur MATERIAL
Page 181 and 182: 174 Organic Resource Guide FORMULAT
Page 183 and 184: Bernard et al (2010) found minor de
Page 185 and 186: Efficacy of Elemental Sulfur Ag
Page 187 and 188: MATERIAL FACT SHEET Trichoderma and
Page 189 and 190: AVAILABILITY AND SOURCES Products v
Page 191 and 192: Trichoderma atroviridae Efficacy
Page 193 and 194: APPENDIX A Plant Resistance to Inse
Page 195 and 196: APPENDIX B Habitats for Beneficial
Page 197 and 198: APPENDIX C Trap Cropping and Insect
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Page 201: Inert ingredients are not necessari
Page 205 and 206: Occurrence Cultural 1=sporadic, con
Page 207 and 208: Plant Management Network. A non-pro
Page 209: Nu Cop® 50 WP Ortho® elementals G
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