18WuD2x

102 carry time • cascaded amplifier
100
z
Current (amperes)
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22
Wire size (AWG)
−5 −4 −3 −2 −1
−4
−5
−1
−2
−3
5
4
3
2
1
1
2
5
4
3
1 2 3 4 5
−1
−2
−3
−4
−5
Cartesian three-space
y
x
carrying capacity
(of some AWG sizes of copper wire)
carry time The time taken for a digital computer or
counter to perform a carry operation (See CARRY,
2).
Cartesian coordinate geometry Also called rectangular
coordinate geometry. In robotic systems, a
movement scheme in two or three dimensions.
The position of the robot arm is determined by linear
coordinates, relative to an origin point. These
coordinates are specified along linear axes—each
of which is perpendicular to the others at the origin.
See CARTESIAN COORDINATES, CARTE-
SIAN PLANE, and CARTESIAN THREE-SPACE.
Cartesian coordinates Also called rectangular coordinates.
A mathematical system that uniquely
defines the position of a point on a plane, in space,
or in general, in an n-dimensional hyperspace
when n is a whole number greater than 3. There
are n axes for n dimensions, each axis intersects
all the others at a single point, called the origin.
The axes are mutually perpendicular at this origin.
The axes are scaled in units with the origin having
coordinate values that are all equal to zero (usually).
Positive values go along the axes in one direction;
negative numbers go in the opposite
direction for each axis. Usually, the axes are graduated
in equal-sized units. The system gets its
name from the mathematician Rene Descartes.
Cartesian plane A linear, two-dimensional coordinate
plane commonly used for graphing equations
in one variable.
Cartesian three-space A linear, three-dimensional
graph-coordinate system used for rendering
equations in one or two variables.
Cartesian three-space graph A three-dimensional
graph that shows an equation in one or two variables.
Three-space graphs are often displayed
more clearly by means of computer graphics, in
which the entire display can be rotated to show
the characteristics of the surface resulting from a
given equation or function.
Cartesian n-space The coordinate space defined
by a Cartesian system of n coordinates, where n
is a whole number of 2 or greater.
cartridge 1. The replaceable transducer assembly
of a microphone. 2. A magnetic-tape magazine.
Also see TAPE CARTRIDGE. 3. A removable computer
mass-storage medium, containing a tape,
magnetic diskette, or optical diskette. 4. An insulating
tube housing a fuse, semiconductor component,
resistor, capacitor, or other part.
cartridge fuse A fuse consisting of a fusible wire
enclosed in a cartridge, having a ferrule at each
end for plug-in connection.
cascadable Capable of, or designed for, being connected
in cascade with other similar or identical
components.
cascade 1. Components or stages connected and
operated in sequence, as in a three-stage amplifier.
The components or stages are often but not
necessarily identical. 2. To form a cascade.
cascade control 1. In an automatic control system,
a controller whose setting is varied by the
output of another controller. 2. An automatic
control system in which the control units are connected
in stages, so that one unit must operate
before the next one can function.
cascaded amplifier A multistage amplifier in which
the stages are forward-coupled in succession.