18WuD2x

344 horizontal frequency • horizontal synchronization
horizontal frequency In television circuits, the
horizontal scanning frequency [i.e., the frequency
at which the horizontal lines are traced (generally
15.750 kHz)].
horizontal frequency response The gain-vsfrequency
characteristic of the horizontal channel
of an oscilloscope or graphic recorder. Compare
VERTICAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE.
horizontal gain At a specified frequency, the overall
amplification of the horizontal channel of an
oscilloscope or graphic recorder. Compare VER-
TICAL GAIN.
horizontal-gain control A control, such as a potentiometer,
for adjusting horizontal gain. Compare
VERTICAL-GAIN CONTROL.
horizontal-hold control In a television receiver,
the control for adjusting the horizontal oscillator
frequency to prevent horizontal tearing of
the picture. Compare VERTICAL-HOLD CON-
TROL.
horizontal hum bars Dark, horizontal interferential
bars in a television picture, caused by HUM
interference.
horizontal linearity The precision of gain and deflection
in the horizontal channel of an oscilloscope,
graphic recorder, or television receiver. A
linear picture is a faithful (undistorted) reproduction
of the original image. Compare VERTICAL
LINEARITY.
horizontal-linearity control In an oscilloscope or
television receiver, the control with which horizontal
linearity is adjusted. Compare VERTICAL-
LINEARITY CONTROL.
horizontal line frequency See HORIZONTAL FRE-
QUENCY.
horizontal lock See HORIZONTAL-HOLD CON-
TROL.
horizontally polarized wave An electromagnetic
wave whose electric lines of flux are parallel to the
plane of the horizon. Compare VERTICALLY PO-
LARIZED WAVE.
horizontal multivibrator In a television receiver, a
15.750-kHz multivibrator that generates the horizontal
sweep signal.
horizontal oscillator In a TV receiver, the oscillator
(usually a multivibrator) that generates the
horizontal sweep signal. Compare VERTICAL OS-
CILLATOR.
horizontal output stage In a television receiver,
an output amplifier following the horizontal oscillator.
Compare VERTICAL OUTPUT STAGE.
horizontal output transformer In a television receiver,
the output transformer in the horizontaloscillator-output
amplifier section. Also called
FLYBACK TRANSFORMER.
horizontal polarization Pertaining to an electromagnetic
wave whose electric lines of flux are
horizontal. In general, when the radiating element
of an antenna is horizontal, the electric
lines of flux in the transmitted waves are horizontal,
and the antenna is most sensitive to in-
coming signals whose electric lines of flux are
horizontal. Compare VERTICAL POLARIZA-
TION.
horizontal positioning control See CENTERING
CONTROL.
horizontal quantity The quantity measured along
the X-axis of a graph represented by the horizontal
deflection of an oscilloscope beam. Compare
VERTICAL QUANTITY.
horizontal recording See LATERAL RECORDING.
horizontal repetition rate See HORIZONTAL
FREQUENCY.
horizontal resolution In a television picture, the
number of picture elements (pixels) that can be
discerned in a horizontal scanning line. Compare
VERTICAL RESOLUTION.
horizontal retrace In a cathode-ray device, such
as an oscilloscope or television receiver, the rapid
return of the electron beam to its starting point
after completing a horizontal sweep of the screen.
Compare VERTICAL RETRACE.
horizontal retrace blanking In oscilloscopes and
television receivers, the automatic cutoff of the
electron beam during a horizontal retrace period,
preventing an extraneous line on the screen during
the period. Compare VERTICAL RETRACE
BLANKING.
horizontal scanning 1. The lateral sweeping of the
electron beam in a cathode-ray tube. 2. The sampling
of x-axis values in a repetitive or nonrepetitive
sweep of that axis.
horizontal scanning frequency See HORIZONTAL
FREQUENCY.
horizontal sensitivity The signal voltage required
at the input of a horizontal channel for full horizontal
deflection. Also see HORIZONTAL GAIN.
Compare VERTICAL SENSITIVITY.
horizontal signal A signal serving as a horizontal
quantity. Compare VERTICAL SIGNAL.
horizontal sweep 1. In a cathode-ray tube, the
horizontal movement of the spot on the screen; in
particular, the movement from left to right, during
which a line of the image is formed on the
screen. 2. The circuit that produces horizontal
sweep.
horizontal sweep frequency The frequency at
which horizontal sweep occurs; in a television receiver,
it is generally 15.750 kHz. Also called horizontal
sweep rate. Compare VERTICAL SWEEP
FREQUENCY.
horizontal sweep rate See HORIZONTAL SWEEP
FREQUENCY.
horizontal-sync discriminator In a television receiver,
a circuit that compares horizontal syncpulse
phase with the phase of the signal from the
horizontal sweep oscillator.
horizontal synchronization In a television receiver,
synchronization of the horizontal component
of scanning with that of the transmitting
camera. Also see HORIZONTAL SYNC PULSE.
Compare VERTICAL SYNCHRONIZATION.