BNF for Children 2011-2012

276 5.1.4 Aminoglycosides BNFC 2011–20125 InfectionsAdjunct to gingival scaling and root planing forperiodontitis section 12.3.1Counselling Capsules should be swallowed whole withplenty of fluid during meals while sitting or standingNote Doxycycline doses in BNF for Children may differ fromthose in product literatureDoxycycline (Non-proprietary) ACapsules, doxycycline (as hyclate) 50 mg, net price28-cap pack = £1.79; 100 mg, 8-cap pack = £1.16.Label: 6, 9, 11, 27, counselling, postureBrands include Doxylar cDental prescribing on NHS Doxycycline Capsules 100 mgmay be prescribedVibramycin-D c (Pfizer) ADispersible tablets, yellow, scored, doxycycline100 mg, net price 8-tab pack = £4.91. Label: 6, 9, 11,13Dental prescribing on NHS May be prescribed as DispersibleDoxycycline TabletsLYMECYCLINECautions see notes aboveContra-indications see notes aboveHepatic impairment see notes aboveRenal impairment see notes abovePregnancy see notes aboveBreast-feeding see notes aboveSide-effects see notes aboveIndication and doseSusceptible infections see notes above. By mouthChild 12–18 years 408 mg twice daily, increasedto 1.224–1.632 g daily in severe infectionsAcne. By mouthChild 12–18 years 408 mg daily for at least 8weeksTetralysal 300 c (Galderma) ACapsules, red/yellow, lymecycline 408 mg (= tetracycline300 mg). Net price 28-cap pack = £7.77, 56-cap pack = £14.97. Label: 6, 9MINOCYCLINE UCautions see notes above; if treatment continued forlonger than 6 months, monitor every 3 months forhepatotoxicity, pigmentation and for systemic lupuserythematosus—discontinue if these develop or ifpre-existing systemic lupus erythematosus worsensContra-indications see notes aboveHepatic impairment see notes aboveRenal impairment use with caution (avoid excessivedoses)Pregnancy see notes aboveBreast-feeding see notes aboveSide-effects see notes above; also dizziness andvertigo (more common in women); rarely anorexia,tinnitus, impaired hearing, hyperaesthesia, paraesthesia,acute renal failure, pigmentation (sometimesirreversible), and alopecia; very rarely systemic lupuserythematosus, discoloration of conjunctiva, tears,and sweatIndication and doseSusceptible infections see notes above. By mouthChild 12–18 years 100 mg twice dailyAcne section 13.6.2Counselling Tablets or capsules should be swallowed wholewith plenty of fluid while sitting or standingMinocycline (Non-proprietary) AUCapsules, minocycline (as hydrochloride) 50 mg, netprice 56-cap pack = £15.27; 100 mg, 28-cap pack =£13.09. Label: 6, 9, counselling, postureBrands include Aknemin cTablets, minocycline (as hydrochloride) 50 mg, netprice 28-tab pack = £4.93; 100 mg, 28-tab pack =£9.52. Label: 6, 9, counselling, postureModified releaseMinocycline m/r preparations AUCapsules, m/r, minocycline (as hydrochloride)100 mg, net price 56-cap pack = £20.08. Label: 6, 25Brands include Acnamino c MR, Minocin MR c , Sebomin MR cDoseAcne. By mouthChild 12–18 years 1 capsule dailyOXYTETRACYCLINECautions see notes aboveContra-indications see notes aboveHepatic impairment see notes aboveRenal impairment see notes abovePregnancy see notes aboveBreast-feeding see notes aboveSide-effects see notes aboveIndication and doseSusceptible infections see notes above. By mouthChild 12–18 years 250–500 mg 4 times dailyAcne section 13.6.2Oxytetracycline (Non-proprietary) ATablets, coated, oxytetracycline dihydrate 250 mg,net price 28-tab pack = £1.28. Label: 7, 9, 23Brands include Oxymycin cDental prescribing on NHS Oxtetracycline Tablets may beprescribed5.1.4 AminoglycosidesThese include amikacin, gentamicin, neomycin, streptomycin,and tobramycin. All are bactericidal and activeagainst some Gram-positive and many Gram-negativeorganisms. Amikacin, gentamicin, and tobramycin arealso active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa; streptomycinis active against Mycobacterium tuberculosis andis now almost entirely reserved for tuberculosis (section5.1.9).The aminoglycosides are not absorbed from the gut(although there is a risk of absorption in inflammatorybowel disease and liver failure) and must therefore begiven by injection for systemic infections.