BNF for Children 2011-2012

682 Appendix 1: Interactions BNFC 2011–2012Appendix 1: InteractionsCaspofungin (continued). Ciclosporin: plasma concentration of caspofunginincreased by .ciclosporin (manufacturer of caspofunginrecommends monitoring liver enzymes)Corticosteroids: plasma concentration of caspofunginpossibly reduced by dexamethasone—considerincreasing dose of caspofungin. Tacrolimus: caspofungin reduces plasma concentrationof .tacrolimusCefaclor see CephalosporinsCefadroxil see CephalosporinsCefalexin see CephalosporinsCefixime see CephalosporinsCefotaxime see CephalosporinsCefpodoxime see CephalosporinsCefradine see CephalosporinsCeftazidime see CephalosporinsCeftriaxone see CephalosporinsCefuroxime see CephalosporinsCelecoxib see NSAIDsCeliprolol see Beta-blockersCephalosporinsAntacids: absorption of cefaclor and cefpodoximereduced by antacidsAntibacterials: possible increased risk of nephrotoxicitywhen cephalosporins given with aminoglycosides. Anticoagulants: cephalosporins possibly enhanceanticoagulant effect of .coumarinsProbenecid: excretion of cephalosporins reduced byprobenecid (increased plasma concentration)Ulcer-healing Drugs: absorption of cefpodoximereduced by histamine H 2 -antagonistsVaccines: antibacterials inactivate oral typhoidvaccine—see p. 620Certolizumab pegol. Abatacept: avoid concomitant use of certolizumabpegol with .abatacept. Anakinra: avoid concomitant use of certolizumab pegolwith .anakinra. Vaccines: avoid concomitant use of certolizumab pegolwith live .vaccines (see p. 599)Cetirizine see AntihistaminesChenodeoxycholic Acid see Bile AcidsChloral see Anxiolytics and HypnoticsChloramphenicolAntibacterials: metabolism of chloramphenicol acceleratedby rifampicin (reduced plasma concentration). Anticoagulants: chloramphenicol enhances anticoagulanteffect of .coumarins. Antidiabetics: chloramphenicol enhances effects of.sulfonylureas. Antiepileptics: metabolism of chloramphenicol possiblyaccelerated by .phenobarbital (reduced plasmaconcentration); chloramphenicol increases plasmaconcentration of .phenytoin (increased risk oftoxicity). Antipsychotics: avoid concomitant use of chloramphenicolwith .clozapine (increased risk ofagranulocytosis). Ciclosporin: chloramphenicol possibly increasesplasma concentration of .ciclosporin. Clopidogrel: chloramphenicol possibly reduces antiplateleteffect of .clopidogrelHydroxocobalamin: chloramphenicol reducesresponse to hydroxocobalamin. Tacrolimus: chloramphenicol possibly increasesplasma concentration of .tacrolimusVaccines: antibacterials inactivate oral typhoidvaccine—see p. 620Chlordiazepoxide see Anxiolytics and HypnoticsChloroquine and HydroxychloroquineAdsorbents: absorption of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquinereduced by kaolinAgalsidase Alfa and Beta: chloroquine and hydroxychloroquinepossibly inhibit effects of agalsidase alfaand beta (manufacturers of agalsidase alfa and betaadvise avoid concomitant use)Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine (continued)Antacids: absorption of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquinereduced by antacids. Anti-arrhythmics: increased risk of ventricular arrhythmiaswhen chloroquine and hydroxychloroquinegiven with .amiodarone—avoid concomitant use. Antibacterials: increased risk of ventricular arrhythmiaswhen chloroquine and hydroxychloroquinegiven with .moxifloxacin—avoid concomitant useAntiepileptics: possible increased risk of convulsionswhen chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine givenwith antiepileptics. Antimalarials: avoidance of antimalarials advised bymanufacturer of .artemether/lumefantrine;increased risk of convulsions when chloroquine andhydroxychloroquine given with .mefloquine. Antipsychotics: increased risk of ventricular arrhythmiaswhen chloroquine and hydroxychloroquinegiven with .droperidol—avoid concomitant use. Cardiac Glycosides: chloroquine and hydroxychloroquinepossibly increase plasma concentration of.digoxin. Ciclosporin: chloroquine and hydroxychloroquineincrease plasma concentration of .ciclosporin(increased risk of toxicity)Histamine: avoidance of antimalarials advised bymanufacturer of histamineLanthanum: absorption of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquinepossibly reduced by lanthanum (give atleast 2 hours apart)Laronidase: chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine possiblyinhibit effects of laronidase (manufacturer oflaronidase advises avoid concomitant use)Parasympathomimetics: chloroquine and hydroxychloroquinehave potential to increase symptoms ofmyasthenia gravis and thus diminish effect ofneostigmine and pyridostigmineUlcer-healing Drugs: metabolism of chloroquine andhydroxychloroquine inhibited by cimetidine(increased plasma concentration)Vaccines: antimalarials inactivate oral typhoidvaccine—see p. 620Chlorothiazide see DiureticsChlorphenamine see AntihistaminesChlorpromazine see AntipsychoticsChlortalidone see DiureticsCiclesonide see CorticosteroidsCiclosporin. ACE Inhibitors: increased risk of hyperkalaemia whenciclosporin given with .ACE inhibitors. Aliskiren: ciclosporin increases plasma concentrationof .aliskiren—avoid concomitant useAllopurinol: plasma concentration of ciclosporin possiblyincreased by allopurinol (risk of nephrotoxicity). Analgesics: increased risk of nephrotoxicity whenciclosporin given with .NSAIDs; ciclosporinincreases plasma concentration of .diclofenac (halvedose of diclofenac). Angiotensin-II Receptor Antagonists: increased risk ofhyperkalaemia when ciclosporin given with .angiotensin-IIreceptor antagonistsAnti-arrhythmics: plasma concentration of ciclosporinpossibly increased by amiodarone and propafenone. Antibacterials: metabolism of ciclosporin inhibited by.clarithromycin and .erythromycin (increasedplasma concentration); metabolism of ciclosporinaccelerated by .rifampicin (reduced plasma concentration);plasma concentration of ciclosporin possiblyreduced by .sulfadiazine; increased risk of nephrotoxicitywhen ciclosporin given with.aminoglycosides, .polymyxins, .quinolones,.sulfonamides or .vancomycin; plasma concentrationof ciclosporin possibly increased by.chloramphenicol and .telithromycin; increased riskof myopathy when ciclosporin given with.daptomycin (preferably avoid concomitant use);metabolism of ciclosporin possibly inhibited by.macrolides (increased plasma concentration);increased risk of nephrotoxicity when ciclosporin