Shaping the Energy Efficiency in New Buildings - Building Energy ...

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JAPCCREUH1999KORBDCES2008USAASHRAE90.1-2007USAIECC 2006MaximumAnnual Heatingand CoolingLoads byClimate ZoneStandards forEquivalentClearance AreasCondensationControlConstructionDesign CriteriaEnvelopeBuildingEnvelopeRequirementsThis section provides maximum allowable annual heating andcooling loads and related parameters and calculationmethods.This section defines equivalent clearance areas, which appearto relate to air exchange through the building envelope.To prevent condensation that may reduce insulationperformance and house durability, the property owner shouldprevent surface moisture condensation and moisturecondensation within walls with proper measures.The Construction Design Criteria section includes bothmandatory items and recommended items. The mandatoryitems cover thermal insulation and heat resistancerequirements for the building envelope such as regional U-factor values by building envelope component and regionspecificthicknesses of insulating materials. Therecommended items provide suggestions on buildingorientation, sealing, active use of natural lighting, shadingand natural ventilation for energy conservation.The building envelope shall comply with the mandatoryprovisions and either the prescriptive criteria or the trade-offoption. Alternatively, the whole building energy costapproach in the Energy Cost Budget Method (ASHRAE 90.1-2007) or Total Building Performance Method (IECC 2006)may be used. The mandatory requirements coverrequirements for insulation installation, window and doorrating and building envelope sealing to minimize air leakage.This includes sealing of building envelope penetrations,vestibules and loading dock weather seals. In addition, therequirements cover how insulation, windows and doorsshould be labeled. The prescriptive requirements (which areopen to trade-offs with alternate paths of compliance) coverrequirements for roofs, opaque walls, below-grade walls,foundations, vertical fenestration (or wall window) andskylights.This section provides mandatory and prescriptive provisionson insulation requirements, fenestration, air leakage, moisturecontrol, maximum fenestration U-factor and solar heat gaincoefficient (SHGC).Based on the data availability and geographic location of APP countries, this sectioncompares thermal characteristics of roof, external wall, floor and window for a generic10-floor office building in hot, warm, cool and cold climate zones (Table 8). Thecomparison also includes China’s residential buildings because they are mostly multifamilyapartment buildings, and China has a growing stock of high-rise residentialbuildings. In addition, Figures 1 and 2 compare the wall and roof requirements forindividual homes in the APP countries with separate codes for such buildings.36
The comparison study is focused on four climate zones: hot, warm, cool, and very cold.The thermal criteria of these four climate zones are based on International Climate ZoneDefinitions of IECC 2006. Each zone contains cities of different countries (Table 9).Table 10 Climate Zones and Cities Covered in the Comparison of Maximum U-factor for BuildingEnvelope in APP CountriesClimate Zone Thermal Criteria Representative CitiesHot 5,000 < CDD10 o C Darwin (AUS), Hainan (CHN), NewDelhi (IND) and Miami (USA)Warm2,500 < CDD10 o C
Page 1 and 2: PNNL-122267Shaping the Energy Effic
Page 3: Shaping the Energy Efficiency in Ne
Page 6 and 7: efficient air conditioning system,
Page 8 and 9: ContentsForeword ..................
Page 10 and 11: List of TablesTable 1 GDP, Primary
Page 12 and 13: ForewordBuildings account for about
Page 14 and 15: 1 Introduction and Background1.1 Im
Page 16 and 17: esidential buildings in 2006, with
Page 18 and 19: JAP 1. Criteria for Clients on the
Page 20 and 21: can significantly increase energy d
Page 22 and 23: f) South Korea’s building energy
Page 24 and 25: 2.1 AustraliaIn the past, Australia
Page 26 and 27: small cities will be pilot of such
Page 28 and 29: (DCGREUH) issued by the Ministry of
Page 30 and 31: according to the current codes. Thi
Page 32 and 33: Table 7 Structural Comparison of Bu
Page 34 and 35: 3.3 Building EnvelopeKey Findings A
Page 38 and 39: This study selects the midpoint sco
Page 40 and 41: MiamiUSA0.36(Insulationabove deck)t
Page 42 and 43: Six countries have jurisdictions in
Page 44 and 45: thermal requirements for roofs, flo
Page 46 and 47: Figure 6 Maximum U-factors in Resid
Page 48 and 49: Table 16 HVAC in Japan’s Building
Page 50 and 51: ItemsService water heating refers t
Page 52 and 53: Water conservation Canada has manda
Page 54 and 55: practice (MNECB 1997). India sets m
Page 56 and 57: Canada and India adopt compliance p
Page 58 and 59: Japan only supervises the building
Page 60 and 61: 4.2 Testing and RatingKey Findings
Page 62 and 63: Other commonly used tools among APP
Page 64 and 65: CAN 55MNECH1997CHNINDECBCJAPCanadia
Page 66 and 67: and local jurisdiction contact info
Page 68 and 69: certifying third-party verifiers or
Page 70 and 71: Point of ControlIncentives for Comp
Page 72 and 73: Point of ControlIncentives for Comp
Page 74 and 75: AUS,continuedCANTesting Agencies an
Page 76 and 77: CAN,continuedCHNTesting Agencies an
Page 78 and 79: Testing Agencies and Certification
Page 80 and 81: USA,continuedTesting Agencies and C
Page 82 and 83: Appendix C - Compliance SoftwareAUS
Page 84 and 85: CANMNECB1997,continuedSoftwareMetho
Page 86 and 87:
USAIECC 2006,continuedSoftwareMetho
Page 88 and 89:
AUSBCA 2007,continuedCANMNECB1997CA
Page 90 and 91:
JAP,ContinuedKORUSAASHRAE90.1-2007T
Page 92 and 93:
AcronymsAPPAS/NZSASHRAEAUSBATFBCABD
Page 94 and 95:
ReferencesABCB (Australian Building
Page 96 and 97:
IEA (International Energy Agency).
Page 98:
OEE. 2008. Energy Use Data Handbook
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