Shaping the Energy Efficiency in New Buildings - Building Energy ...

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Figure 6 Maximum U-factors in Residential Walls by Climate Zone 44Note: Climate zone 1 is hot, climate zone 2 is warm, 3 is cool and 4 is very cold. See Table 9 for detaileddescriptions of these zones.3.4 HVACKey Findings All APP countries have an HVAC section in their building energy codes. For HVAC equipment, most countries refer to other equipment standards and/orpresent energy performance standards in their HVAC section. China, Japan and South Korea address natural ventilation in their building energycodes.HVAC refers to heating, ventilation and air conditioning equipment and systems inbuildings and houses. As the most important mechanical component of a building, HVACcontributes to a major share of building energy use; hence, it is covered by all buildingenergy codes in APP countries.Three sections in BCA 2007 (Australia) cover HVAC including 1) building sealing (suchas chimneys and flues, windows and doors, exhaust fans and others), 2) air movement(such as ventilation openings) and 3) air conditioning and ventilation systems (such asequipment efficiency).Building energy codes in Canada, China, India and the United States (ASHRAE 90.1–2007) provide both mandatory and prescriptive provisions on HVAC (Table 15).44 The maximum U-factor for residential walls in South Korea (0.47 W/m2·K) is cited in RBFCO.46
Table 15 HVAC in the Building Energy Codes of Canada, China, India and the United StatesMandatoryPrescriptiveCAN MNECB1997MNECH1997Asteriskeditems appearonly in theMNECB.Equipment sizing/air distributionsystems/air intake and outletdampers/piping for heating and coolingsystems/pumping systemdesign*/equipment installedoutdoors/electric heatingsystems*/recessed heaters/airdistribution systems serving space withspecial requirements*/ temperaturecontrols/ humidification/shutoff and setback*Equipment efficiency/ documentation*Fan system design*/coolingwith outdoor air*/control ofheating, ventilating and airconditioningsystems*/heatrecoveryCHNCommercial2005Residential-Heating1995Residential-HSCW2001Residential-HSWW2003Heating/ventilation and airconditioning/heating and coolingsources for heating and air conditioningsystems/monitoring and controlHeating systems/piping and ductworkSystem design of coolingsource/heating source/ventilation andair adjustmentSystem design of coolingsource/heating source/ventilation andair adjustmentIND ECBC 2008 Natural ventilation/minimumequipment efficiencies/controlsPiping and ductwork/systembalancing/condensersUSAASHRAE90.1-2007Equipment efficiencies/verification andlabeling/load calculations/controls/HVAC system construction andinsulation/completion requirementsHeating/ventilation and airconditioning/heating andcooling sources for heating andair conditioningsystems/monitoring and controlHeating system designSystem design of coolingsource/heatingsource/ventilation and airadjustmentSystem design of coolingsource/heatingsource/ventilation and airadjustmentEconomizers/variable flowhydronic systemEconomizers /simultaneousheating and coolinglimitation/air system andcontrol/hydronic system designand control/heat rejectionequipment/energyrecovery/exhaust hoods/radiantheating systemThere is an ongoing effort in Canada to maintain harmonization with HVAC, lighting andpower standards in the United States. Like Australia, Japan covers HVAC in severalsections of its building energy codes (Table 16). Unlike other APP countries, Japan puts aheavy emphasis on ventilation in residential houses (DCGREUH 1999 and CCREUH1999).47
Page 1 and 2: PNNL-122267Shaping the Energy Effic
Page 3: Shaping the Energy Efficiency in Ne
Page 6 and 7: efficient air conditioning system,
Page 8 and 9: ContentsForeword ..................
Page 10 and 11: List of TablesTable 1 GDP, Primary
Page 12 and 13: ForewordBuildings account for about
Page 14 and 15: 1 Introduction and Background1.1 Im
Page 16 and 17: esidential buildings in 2006, with
Page 18 and 19: JAP 1. Criteria for Clients on the
Page 20 and 21: can significantly increase energy d
Page 22 and 23: f) South Korea’s building energy
Page 24 and 25: 2.1 AustraliaIn the past, Australia
Page 26 and 27: small cities will be pilot of such
Page 28 and 29: (DCGREUH) issued by the Ministry of
Page 30 and 31: according to the current codes. Thi
Page 32 and 33: Table 7 Structural Comparison of Bu
Page 34 and 35: 3.3 Building EnvelopeKey Findings A
Page 36 and 37: JAPCCREUH1999KORBDCES2008USAASHRAE9
Page 38 and 39: This study selects the midpoint sco
Page 40 and 41: MiamiUSA0.36(Insulationabove deck)t
Page 42 and 43: Six countries have jurisdictions in
Page 44 and 45: thermal requirements for roofs, flo
Page 48 and 49: Table 16 HVAC in Japan’s Building
Page 50 and 51: ItemsService water heating refers t
Page 52 and 53: Water conservation Canada has manda
Page 54 and 55: practice (MNECB 1997). India sets m
Page 56 and 57: Canada and India adopt compliance p
Page 58 and 59: Japan only supervises the building
Page 60 and 61: 4.2 Testing and RatingKey Findings
Page 62 and 63: Other commonly used tools among APP
Page 64 and 65: CAN 55MNECH1997CHNINDECBCJAPCanadia
Page 66 and 67: and local jurisdiction contact info
Page 68 and 69: certifying third-party verifiers or
Page 70 and 71: Point of ControlIncentives for Comp
Page 72 and 73: Point of ControlIncentives for Comp
Page 74 and 75: AUS,continuedCANTesting Agencies an
Page 76 and 77: CAN,continuedCHNTesting Agencies an
Page 78 and 79: Testing Agencies and Certification
Page 80 and 81: USA,continuedTesting Agencies and C
Page 82 and 83: Appendix C - Compliance SoftwareAUS
Page 84 and 85: CANMNECB1997,continuedSoftwareMetho
Page 86 and 87: USAIECC 2006,continuedSoftwareMetho
Page 88 and 89: AUSBCA 2007,continuedCANMNECB1997CA
Page 90 and 91: JAP,ContinuedKORUSAASHRAE90.1-2007T
Page 92 and 93: AcronymsAPPAS/NZSASHRAEAUSBATFBCABD
Page 94 and 95: ReferencesABCB (Australian Building
Page 96 and 97:
IEA (International Energy Agency).
Page 98:
OEE. 2008. Energy Use Data Handbook
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