HUMAN SKELETAL REMAINS OF THE ANCIENT MAYA IN THE ...

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CS5-01-1/2 femur R prox.1/2 shaft, no end, small size, stained & polished (red), poss.childCS5-01-1/3 mandible inferior portion w/ mental spine & protuberance, stained & polished (red)CS5-01-1/4 long bone ? 8+ cortical fragsCS5-01-1/5 pelvis L post.aspect of acetabulum, auric.surface & ischial tuberosity, narrow sciatic notch, poss.ad.maleCS5-01-1/6 femur L nearly complete, no dist.end, stained reddish color, flaking, poss.adult maleCS5-01-1/6 femur R nearly complete, no dist.end, heavy concretions, poss.ad.male, paired w/ CS5-01-1/6 L femurCS5-01-1/7 temporal R portion w/ mandibular fossa & portion of zygomatic processCS5-01-1/8 humerus L trochlea portionCS5-05-1/1 humerus R dist.2/3 shaft, no endCS5-05-1/1 long bone ? shaft fragCS5-05-1/1 talus L trochlear portion of superior articular surfaceCS5-05-1/1 tibia L dist.articular end w/ medial malleolus, poss.adultCS5-05-1/2 femur R nearly complete shaft, dist.artic.end, condyles worn to expose trabecular bone, poss.ad.maleCS5-07-1 lower I2 R complete, heavy wear, poss.adultCS5-07-1 lower P4 R complete, slight wear, poss.adultCS5-07-1/1 mandible complete Lside & partial Rside (I1-P4 sockets), P3-M3 (L side), wear, concretions, poss.ad.maleCS5-07-1/2 dist.phalange ? manual, completeCS5-07-1/2 med.phalange ? manual, completeCS5-07-1/2 med.phalange ? manual, completeCS5-07-1/2 metacarpal R dist.articular end & 1/2 shaft, holes worn on dorsal & palmar aspects of articular endCS5-07-1/2 prox.phalange ? manual, complete, concretions on palmar surfaceCS5-07-1/2 prox.phalange ? manual, complete digit 1, holes worn into prox.endCS5-07-1/3 radius R prox.1/3 shaft w/ head portion, heavy concretionsCS5-07-1/4 ulna L nearly complete shaft, no ends, polished, small size, poss.subadultCS5-07-1/5 ulna L central 1/2 shaft, concretions on dorsal aspect, prox.portion worn, poss.adultCS5-07-1/6 patella R nearly complete, concretion on anterior aspect, small size, poss.subadultCS5-07-1/7 frags ? trabecular bone w/ concretions, 4 piecesCS5-07-1/8 occipital poss.basi-occipital portion w/ part of foramen magnumCS5-07-1/9 pelvis L inferior portion of lunate surface of acetabulumCS5-07-1/10 vertebra A articular facet frag.CS5-07-1/10 vertebra A neural arch frag.159
CS5-07-1/11 frags ? 7 fragsCS5-07-1/12 rib 1 L sternal end including ossified cartilage for manubrium attachment, holes on dorsal aspectCS5-08-1/1 vertebra A lumbar, centrum & R neural arch fragCS5-08-1/1 vertebra A thoracic, 3 nearly completeCS5-08-1/1 vertebra A thoracic, centrumCS5-08-1/1 vertebra A 3 neural arch fragsCS5-08-1/2 calcaneus ? posterior/plantar portionCS5-08-1/2 cuboid L completeCS5-08-1/2 dist.phalange ? manual, completeCS5-08-1/2 long bone ? 21+ cortical fragsCS5-08-1/2 metacarpal III L complete, no dist.endCS5-08-1/2 metacarpal IV L complete, prox.end worn to expose trabecular bone, hole worn on distal/dorsal end, poss.adultCS5-08-1/2 metatarsal II L complete, no prox.articular surface, poss.adultCS5-08-1/2 metatarsal III R prox.2/3 shaft, no dist.end, poss.adultCS5-08-1/2 patella L complete, small size, poss.subadultCS5-08-1/2 patella R complete, small size, poss.subadultCS5-08-1/2 pelvis R iliac portion w/ superior portion of auricular surface & arcuate line, ptn of preauricular sulcusCS5-08-1/2 pisiform L portion that articulates w/ triquetralCS5-08-1/2 prox.phalange ? manual, completeCS5-08-1/2 prox.phalange ? manual, complete, no prox.endCS5-08-1/2 prox.phalange ? pedal, completeCS5-08-1/2 rib ? sternal endCS5-08-1/2 rib ? 3 head & neck fragsCS5-08-1/2 rib ? 5 shaft fragsCS5-08-1/2 talus L complete, good preservation, small size, poss.subadultCS5-08-1/2 tibia L portion of medial articular surfaceCS5-08-1/2 tibia R medial articular surfaceCS5-08-1/3 fibula ? central shaft portionCS5-08-1/4 radius L complete shaft, no ends, good preservation, poss.subadultCS5-08-1/5 ulna L dist.2/3 shaft, no end, poss.subadultCS5-08-1/6 metapodial ? complete, no prox.end, part of encrustrationCS5-08-1/7 tibia R complete shaft, no ends, concretions on dist.end, poss.subadult160
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HUMAN SKELETAL REMAINS OF THE ANCIE
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iiiABSTRACTHuman Skeletal Remains o
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vACKNOWLEDGEMENTSThis research was
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viiCHAPTERPageIV SITE DESCRIPTIONS
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ixLIST OF FIGURESFIGUREPage1 Map of
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xiLIST OF TABLESTABLEPage1 Caves of
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2Fig. 1. Map of the Petexbatun regi
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4prove or disprove my hypothesis. T
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8Caves are also known to share an o
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10Artifactual materialThe artifacts
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12activities, which included bloodl
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14represented. A ceramic analysis r
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16based on the identification of th
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18when a structure is placed over o
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20The Copan Ritual Caves Project la
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22sacrificial victims. The identifi
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24CHAPTER IIIMATERIALS AND METHODSS
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26InventoryMy analysis began with a
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28responsible. A precise methodolog
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30After rounding up to the highest
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32and subadults are differentiated
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34demonstrate the practice of inter
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36Implements such stone tools may h
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38of the young woman involved the r
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40Fig. 3. Caves of the Petexbatun.
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42I) consisted of an excavation in
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44Cueva de Río El DuendeCueva de R
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46excavation uncovered evidence of
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48Fig. 6. Complete map of Cueva de
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50these remains were recovered by m
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52Dos Pilas as a dominant polity in
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54Fig. 7. Map of Cueva de Los Quetz
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56CHAPTER VNISP AND MNI - AN ANALYS
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58Cueva de El DuendeOne hundred for
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60feet were the most common skeleta
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62estimates indicate that Cueva de
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64skeletal elementpedal phalangemet
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66TABLE 4. MNI for Cueva de Río El
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68five rooms in Operation CNP2. Roo
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70CNP2-24-1CNP2-26-1CNP2-27-1CNP2-2
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72modification was one of the more
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74result from a small sample size,
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76material examined in this study,
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78TABLE 7. MNI for Cueva de Sangre.
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80MNI considered material from 41 l
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82CS9-06-1CS11-03-2CS11-03-3CS11-03
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84Three hundred and fifty meters of
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8626 individuals (Table 9). I ident
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88calculated an MNI at the level of
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90TABLE 11. MNI for Cueva de Los Qu
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92the operation and the cave seem m
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94between these two types of activi
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96represent the sample with evidenc
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98The second group consists of eigh
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100One of the deeper cut marks was
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102CNP2-07-1/18A complete left femo
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104occur throughout the bone. The f
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106The identification of human-made
Page 119 and 120: 108harsh effects of the active envi
Page 121 and 122: 110did not affect this particular b
Page 123 and 124: 112TABLE 12. NISPs, MNIs, and PNIs
Page 125 and 126: 114processed for secondary burial (
Page 127 and 128: 116in mind that this and the many o
Page 129 and 130: 118an adult male recovered from an
Page 131 and 132: 120Cueva de Los QuetzalesThe skelet
Page 133 and 134: 122some doubt. These assessments ba
Page 135 and 136: 124CHAPTER VIIICONCLUSIONSThe infor
Page 137 and 138: 126LITERATURE CITEDAnderson AH. 196
Page 139 and 140: 128Brady JE, Rodas I. 1995. Maya Ri
Page 141 and 142: 130Johnston FE. 1962. Growth of the
Page 143 and 144: 132Pohl M, Pohl J. 1983. Ancient Ma
Page 145 and 146: 134Pre-Columbian Archaeology. Oxfor
Page 147 and 148: APPENDIX IINVENTORY FOR CUEVA DE EL
Page 149 and 150: CD2-01-8B pelvis R complete ischium
Page 151 and 152: APPENDIX IIINVENTORY FOR CUEVA DE R
Page 153 and 154: CNP2-07-1/10 femur L prox.1/2 shaft
Page 155 and 156: CNP2-12-1/13 humerus R dist.1/2 sha
Page 157 and 158: CNP2-20-1/11 femur L nearly complet
Page 159 and 160: CNP2-26-1/1 long bone ? 4+ fragsCNP
Page 161 and 162: CNP2-28-1/35 mandible L no teeth &
Page 163 and 164: APPENDIX IIIINVENTORY FOR CUEVA DE
Page 165 and 166: CRM4-03-1/1 tibia R shaft frag, cor
Page 167 and 168: CS1-77-2/3 sacrum A anterior aspect
Page 169: CS2-11-1/2 radius R complete shaft,
Page 173 and 174: CS9-02-1 B7 tibia L prox.2/3 shaft,
Page 175 and 176: CS9-04-1/3 tibia R prox.1/2 shaft,
Page 177 and 178: CS9-06-1/14 femur L complete shaft,
Page 179 and 180: CS11-05-1/3 long bone ? 15 fragsCS1
Page 181 and 182: CS11-05-1 grp.B/1 vertebra A centru
Page 183 and 184: CKP2-03-1/10 femur L complete shaft
Page 185 and 186: CKP2-04-1/3 femur L dist.1/2 shaft,
Page 187 and 188: CKP9-06-1 tibia R CKP 62-63; prox.1
Page 189 and 190: CQ1-10-11 upper I2 R root is formin
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