APPENDIX V<strong>IN</strong>VENTORY FOR CUEVA DE KAXON PECLot Bone Side DescriptionCKP2-01-1 upper I1 L complete, no wear, some caries, poss.adultCKP2-02-1 canine R complete, slight wear, poss.adultCKP2-02-1/1 tibia L complete shaft, no prox end, tibial tuberosity & medial malleolus present, robust, poss.adult maleCKP2-02-1/3 femur R complete shaft, neck present, trochanters, head, & dist.end missingCKP2-02-1/4 tibia L dist.1/2 shaft w/ partial endCKP2-02-1/5 tibia L central midshaft portionCKP2-02-1/6 femur ? nearly complete shaft, no ends, worn on posterior end along linea aspera, poss.subadultCKP2-02-1/7 long bone ? midshaft portion, poss.femur or humerusCKP2-02-1/8 humerus R dist.1/2 shaft, no end, worn, chalky white appearance, large size, poss.adultCKP2-03-1 decid.molar ? complete, no wear, poss.subadultCKP2-03-1 decid.molar ? nearly complete, roots broken off, poss.subadultCKP2-03-1 decid.molar ? nearly complete, roots still forming, tooth attached to alveolus portionCKP2-03-1 decid.molar ? complete, attached to alveolus portion, poss.subadultCKP2-03-1 lower P3 R complete, slight wear, poss.adultCKP2-03-1/1 femur R complete shaft, no dist.end, femoral head & neck portion, fused < trochanter, stained, poss.adultCKP2-03-1/2 radius R dist.1/2 shaft, no end, chalky white appearanceCKP2-03-1/3 tibia L nearly complete midshaft, no ends, fragmentary, prox.end stainedCKP2-03-1/4 pelvis R inf.ptn of acetab. & ischial tuberosity, ptns of ilium & auricular surf., wide sciatic notch, poss.ad.femaleCKP2-03-1/5 pelvis L nearly complete acetab, unfused ischial tuberosity & iliac spine, complete auricular surf., poss.adol.CKP2-03-1/6 pelvis L superior ramus of pubis, portion of acetabulum, no pubic symphysisCKP2-03-1/7 femur R complete shaft w/ head & lateral 1/2 of dist.end, trochanters still fusing, head fused, poss.adolescentCKP2-03-1/8 humerus L dist.1/2 shaft w/ complete end, good condition, robust, poss.adultCKP2-03-1/9 tibia R complete shaft, no ends, pronounced muscle attachment, tibial tuberosity present, stained171
CKP2-03-1/10 femur L complete shaft, no dist.end, head & neck broken off, pt.of < trochanter, dist.portion flakingCKP2-03-1/11 humerus R complete shaft, no prox.end, portion of trochlea & med.epicondyle, chalky white & stainedCKP2-03-1/12 femur R complete shaft, no dist.end, unfused head and trochanters, poss.adolescentCKP2-03-1/13 tibia R central midshaft portion, stained & wornCKP2-03-1/14 femur L complete shaft, no ends, chalky white appearance, stainedCKP2-03-1/15 femur R nearly complete shaft, no ends, pt.of < trochanter, small circumference, chalky white, poss.subadultCKP2-03-1/16 femur L prox.2/3 shaft, no end, chalky white, small circumference, poss.subadultCKP2-03-1/17 tibia R central midshaft portion, worn, chalky white appearance, small size, poss.subadultCKP2-03-1/18 talus R complete, good conditionCKP2-03-1/19 zygomatic R part of maxillary sinusCKP2-03-1/20 metatarsal ? prox.1/2 shaft w partial end, poss.II/IIICKP2-03-1/22 femur R medial & lateral condyles (broken), no epicondyles, may belong to CKP2-03-1/1CKP2-03-1/23 humerus R complete shaft, no ends, dense bony growth @ prox.end, stainedCKP2-03-1/24 temporal L nearly complete, mastoid process worn, complete petrous portionCKP2-03-1/25 tibia L nearly complete shaft, no ends, robust, poss.adult male, stainedCKP2-03-1/26 tibia R complete midshaft, no ends, small circumference, good condition, poss.subadultCKP2-03-1/27 humerus L prox.1/2 shaft, no end, frag.missing, stainedCKP2-03-1/28 femur L articular portion of medial condyle, no epicondyleCKP2-03-1/29 humerus ? portion of humeral head w/ shaft portionCKP2-03-1/30 sacrum A superior portion of 1st sacral element & left alaCKP2-03-1/31 femur R anterior neck portion, no greater trochanterCKP2-03-1/32 pelvis L greater sciatic notch w/ superior acetabulum, pt of ilium, auricular surface, poss.adult maleCKP2-03-1/33 pelvis ? 25+ fragsCKP2-03-1/34 vertebra A thoracic, arthritic lipping, no transverse process & head of spinous processCKP2-03-1/36 ulna R dist.1/3 shaft, no end, wornCKP2-03-1/37 radius L nearly complete shaft, no ends, fragmentary, stained & polishedCKP2-03-1/38 humerus L nearly complete shaft (2 pieces), no ends, central portion missingCKP2-03-1/40 vertebra A lumbar, part of centrumCKP2-03-1/41 vertebra A lumbar, nearly complete, superior portion of centrumCKP2-03-1/42 vertebra A thoracic, most of centrum missing, L transverse proc.complete, no R side, no spinous proc.headCKP2-03-1/43 vertebra A thoracic, centrum, transverse process & head of spinous process missingCKP2-03-1/44 vertebra A thoracic, body present, no transverse process, R superior articular process, spinous processCKP2-03-1/45 vertebra A thoracic, spinous process & part of pedicles & full laminae172
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HUMAN SKELETAL REMAINS OF THE ANCIE
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iiiABSTRACTHuman Skeletal Remains o
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vACKNOWLEDGEMENTSThis research was
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viiCHAPTERPageIV SITE DESCRIPTIONS
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ixLIST OF FIGURESFIGUREPage1 Map of
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xiLIST OF TABLESTABLEPage1 Caves of
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2Fig. 1. Map of the Petexbatun regi
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4prove or disprove my hypothesis. T
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8Caves are also known to share an o
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10Artifactual materialThe artifacts
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12activities, which included bloodl
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14represented. A ceramic analysis r
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16based on the identification of th
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18when a structure is placed over o
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20The Copan Ritual Caves Project la
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22sacrificial victims. The identifi
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24CHAPTER IIIMATERIALS AND METHODSS
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26InventoryMy analysis began with a
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28responsible. A precise methodolog
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30After rounding up to the highest
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32and subadults are differentiated
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34demonstrate the practice of inter
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36Implements such stone tools may h
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38of the young woman involved the r
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40Fig. 3. Caves of the Petexbatun.
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42I) consisted of an excavation in
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44Cueva de Río El DuendeCueva de R
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46excavation uncovered evidence of
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48Fig. 6. Complete map of Cueva de
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50these remains were recovered by m
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52Dos Pilas as a dominant polity in
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54Fig. 7. Map of Cueva de Los Quetz
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56CHAPTER VNISP AND MNI - AN ANALYS
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58Cueva de El DuendeOne hundred for
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60feet were the most common skeleta
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62estimates indicate that Cueva de
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64skeletal elementpedal phalangemet
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66TABLE 4. MNI for Cueva de Río El
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68five rooms in Operation CNP2. Roo
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70CNP2-24-1CNP2-26-1CNP2-27-1CNP2-2
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72modification was one of the more
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74result from a small sample size,
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76material examined in this study,
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78TABLE 7. MNI for Cueva de Sangre.
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80MNI considered material from 41 l
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82CS9-06-1CS11-03-2CS11-03-3CS11-03
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84Three hundred and fifty meters of
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8626 individuals (Table 9). I ident
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88calculated an MNI at the level of
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90TABLE 11. MNI for Cueva de Los Qu
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92the operation and the cave seem m
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94between these two types of activi
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96represent the sample with evidenc
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98The second group consists of eigh
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100One of the deeper cut marks was
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102CNP2-07-1/18A complete left femo
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104occur throughout the bone. The f
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106The identification of human-made
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108harsh effects of the active envi
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110did not affect this particular b
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112TABLE 12. NISPs, MNIs, and PNIs
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114processed for secondary burial (
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116in mind that this and the many o
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118an adult male recovered from an
- Page 131 and 132: 120Cueva de Los QuetzalesThe skelet
- Page 133 and 134: 122some doubt. These assessments ba
- Page 135 and 136: 124CHAPTER VIIICONCLUSIONSThe infor
- Page 137 and 138: 126LITERATURE CITEDAnderson AH. 196
- Page 139 and 140: 128Brady JE, Rodas I. 1995. Maya Ri
- Page 141 and 142: 130Johnston FE. 1962. Growth of the
- Page 143 and 144: 132Pohl M, Pohl J. 1983. Ancient Ma
- Page 145 and 146: 134Pre-Columbian Archaeology. Oxfor
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- Page 149 and 150: CD2-01-8B pelvis R complete ischium
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- Page 153 and 154: CNP2-07-1/10 femur L prox.1/2 shaft
- Page 155 and 156: CNP2-12-1/13 humerus R dist.1/2 sha
- Page 157 and 158: CNP2-20-1/11 femur L nearly complet
- Page 159 and 160: CNP2-26-1/1 long bone ? 4+ fragsCNP
- Page 161 and 162: CNP2-28-1/35 mandible L no teeth &
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- Page 165 and 166: CRM4-03-1/1 tibia R shaft frag, cor
- Page 167 and 168: CS1-77-2/3 sacrum A anterior aspect
- Page 169 and 170: CS2-11-1/2 radius R complete shaft,
- Page 171 and 172: CS5-07-1/11 frags ? 7 fragsCS5-07-1
- Page 173 and 174: CS9-02-1 B7 tibia L prox.2/3 shaft,
- Page 175 and 176: CS9-04-1/3 tibia R prox.1/2 shaft,
- Page 177 and 178: CS9-06-1/14 femur L complete shaft,
- Page 179 and 180: CS11-05-1/3 long bone ? 15 fragsCS1
- Page 181: CS11-05-1 grp.B/1 vertebra A centru
- Page 185 and 186: CKP2-04-1/3 femur L dist.1/2 shaft,
- Page 187 and 188: CKP9-06-1 tibia R CKP 62-63; prox.1
- Page 189 and 190: CQ1-10-11 upper I2 R root is formin