Preamble Narratives and Social Memory - Universidade do Minho

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comprises both remembering and forgetting. Officially or unofficially, intentionally or not, theconstruction of collective memory is always an attempt to convey a particular point of view. Due toits potential for legitimization of present-day and future agendas, collective memories have beena privileged arena for the struggle for specific meanings as well as their contestation. Memoryconstitutes a vital anchor for identity processes; rather than a static and solid anchor, it is a malleableand fluid one.Traditional conceptualizations of identity tend to be primarily related to notions such asbelonging, sameness, stability, and continuity, rather than to the idea of in-progress project in acontinuous and complex process of change. Recent theoretical approaches recognize how contemporarynational and transnational identity narratives require hybrid multilayered configurations.The stories we tell, and the stories we listen to, define who we are and who are the “others”.They also shape interpersonal, intergroup, and intercultural relationships. In a world undergoingaccelerated mutation and shifting power relations, representational fields are increasingly heterogeneous.In that sense, multiple voices and cultural logics take part in the process of knowledgeand worldview constructions. Therefore, our lives are composed of many overlapping and oftenconflicting stories. These stories are shared in everyday conversations, and disseminated throughcultural products (e.g., social media, cinema, television, advertising, music, festivals, museums,books, legislation, and monuments). They simultaneously influence and are influenced by theinterplay between historical legacies, economic demands, and national and international politics.Although interest in identity narratives and social memory has considerably grown over thepast decades, they have generally been studied in very fragmented paths. The International Seminar“Narratives and Social Memory: theoretical and methodological approaches” was conceived toaddress this limitation. It took place in June 2012 at the University of Minho in Braga, Portugal. Theseminar gathered about one hundred participants from 22 countries, from all continents.This volume comprises a selection of papers delivered at the seminar. By bringing togetherresearchers working on these themes from a wide spectrum of disciplines, this international seminaraimed at fostering interdisciplinary collaboration and at instigating sustainable networking.Scholars from disciplines such as Anthropology, Architecture, Communication Sciences, ComputerSciences, Cultural Studies, Education, Geography, History, Linguistics, Literature, Political Science,Psychology and Sociology, participated in a stimulating dialogue.The seminar’s main goal was to confront different approaches, either currently dominantor emerging theories, in the field of narrative studies and social memory. Among the main topicsdiscussed were the (re)construction or dissolution of ethnic, national and post-colonial identities,migration, colonialism, justice, prejudice, stereotyping, discrimination, environmental andgender issues.All chapters provided evidence of the importance of the dialogic understanding betweenresearch practices and the necessity of intercultural encounters in the social and human sciences.However, at the same time, they revealed how those practices continue to be challenging.The chapters address various media of transmission as well as the role of the different kindsof narratives (e.g., audiovisual narratives, digital narratives, autobiographical accounts, journalisticreports, oral speeches, etc.) in shaping social identities and social representations. In addition,throughout the chapters, we can observe a shift of the Eurocentric paradigm in which academicNarratives and social memory: theoretical and methodological approaches6
knowledge is constructed. This suggests that narrative and memory studies constitute centralareas whereby it is possible to create new paradigms of intercultural dialogue, and give voice togroups that were silenced in conventional mainstream scientific production. Furthermore, theyconstitute important tools for reframing the relationship between academic research and society.Data triangulation is assumed as an important instrument to the development of investigations.In order to structure a critical thinking corpus, many authors have leaned towards multimethodapproaches. This is transversal to many papers within this edition, as well as interdisciplinaryresearch. As can be seen throughout this volume, the dialogue established between manyareas of knowledge has contributed to the emergence of fresh perspectives and original results.This edition presents both consolidated and emerging perspectives in narrative and socialmemory fields and aims at fostering a critical dialogue beyond boundaries set by disciplines, andby geographical and social locations.It is organized in five sections. The first offers cutting-edge conceptual and methodologicalapproaches to the study of narratives and social memory in the scope of psychological sciencesthrough dialogues with history, cultural anthropology, philosophy, and the political sciences.Those interdisciplinary contributions provide a more comprehensive understanding of the antecedentsand consequences of the social representations of history, underlining their impactson our daily lives and on international relationships. This section is composed of five chaptersaddressing different geographical and cultural contexts of research, focusing either on worldwideor cross-cultural context (chapter 1) or data from specific national contexts (Hungary, Chile andPortugal, respectively chapters 3, 4 and 5). Special attention is given to cognitive (chapters 1 and2), emotional (chapters 3, 4 and 5) dimensions of collective remembering. The chapters cover awide range of methodological approaches, from in-depth interviews, intensive fieldwork research,content analyses of newspapers and other archival data, and extensive surveys.The following section encompasses four chapters that approach different forms of mediation,such as (new) journalism and blogging. All texts deal with narrative structures in the mediaalthough their focuses are very diverse. The main discipline represented in this section is communicationsciences and the geographical framework of all chapters is related to the Portuguesespeakingcountries. We can see in this section the shift in communication sciences towards abroader understanding of mediation through analytical perspectives of journalistic coverage(chapters 6, 7 and 9) and through virtual media environment investigation (chapter 8).Composed of five chapters, the third part focuses on the interplay between audiovisualnarratives and cultural memory. All chapters discuss the importance of images, and particularlyaudiovisual media, on the constitution of our every day representation of the world. Despitetheir common overall theme, they take different approaches, focusing on fictional films made inPortugal (chapters 10 and 12), an autobiographical documentary (chapter 11), Brazilian end-ofyearreview television programs (chapter 14) and the historical evolution of audiovisual mediaproductions in Portugal (chapter 13). And they are based on different disciplines: Cultural Studies,Communication Sciences and Geography. In this section most chapters (10, 11, 12 and 13) explorethe relationship between the film production and the political and ideological context.The fourth part brings together four extremely different chapters that are mainly concernedwith identity issues from regional, ethnic, national and postnational perspectives. All chaptersNarratives and social memory: theoretical and methodological approaches7
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Part IIMedia(ted) Narrativesand Pub
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Journalistic Narrative: a Story of
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The Works of Sísifo: Memories and
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Part IVEthnic, National and Suprana
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Drawings and Narrative: the Inmates
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