BROCADE IP PRIMER

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Chapter Review Questions4. BPDUs:a. Are used to share routing tables between switchesb. Are multicast frames sent between switches participating in STP (orany of its variants)c. Are broadcast frames sent between switches participating in STP (orany of its variants)d. Use UDP to send MAC table information between switches5. The root switch is elected as the switch with:a. The lowest Bridge IDb. The lowest MAC addressc. The lowest Bridge priorityd. The lowest IP address6. On a non-root switch, RSTP will label the port with the shortest path to theroot switch as:a. Designated Portb. Root Portc. Backup Portd. Alternate Port7. Which STP parameter would you adjust if you wanted the root switch tosend BPDUs less frequently?a. max-ageb. forward-delayc. hello-timed. priority8. On a Brocade switch that is globally running STP, an interface is activelypassing LAN traffic. What state is that interface in?a. Blockingb. Listeningc. Learningd. ForwardingBrocade IP Primer 215
Chapter 9: Spanning Tree Protocol9. Which STP variant allows for a single STP instance per VLAN?a. IEEE 802.1db. IEEE 802.1sc. IEEE 802.1qd. IEEE 802.1w10. An interface is actively discovering where the Layer 2 loops are (if any).What state is this interface in?a. Blockingb. Listeningc. Learningd. ForwardingAnswers to Review Questions1. a. All interfaces start in Blocking state. “Guilty until proven innocent.”2. d. This is a tricky one. Remember that “fast port-span” is enabled bydefault. The port will not fit the qualifications of an uplink to anotherswitch, so the Listening and Learning states will each only last twoseconds.3. c. This time, the switch will manifest itself as an uplink (by sendingBPDUs, at the very least). The “fast uplink-span” option is not enabled bydefault, so the port will go through the standard STP convergence cycle. Itwill spend 15 seconds in Listening, and 15 seconds in Learning.4. b. BPDUs are multicast, not broadcast.5. a. This is a tricky one. Yes, the bridge priority and MAC address both play arole in the election, but not distinctly. Both numbers are combined intoone number: the Bridge ID. That is the number that is used for the election.The lowest Bridge ID wins.6. b. Remember that we're using RSTP, not STP. If it were STP, it would bedistinguished as a “designated port.” RSTP uses “root port.”7. c. This would be the hello-time.8. d. The Forwarding state is the only state that actively passes LAN traffic.All of the other states only pass BPDUs.9. b. IEEE 802.1s, also known as MST.10. b. Listening is the state that sends BPDUs and listens for them to returnon unexpected ports (indicating a loop).216 Brocade IP Primer
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BROCADEIPPRIMERFIRST EDITIONEveryth
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Important NoticeUse of this book co
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ContentsChapter 2: TCP/IP .........
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ContentsPart Three: Layer 3 Switchi
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ContentsRedundancy: Virtual Router
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ContentsCheck 5: Available Session
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Part One: Introduction toNetworking
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Networking Basics1The world of comp
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The OSI Reference ModelEach of thes
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The OSI Reference ModelApplicationA
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The Application Layer (Layer 7)This
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The Session Layer (Layer 5)You inte
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The Transport Layer (Layer 4)So, wh
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The Transport Layer (Layer 4)point,
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The Data Link Layer (Layer 2)By far
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The Physical Layer (Layer 1)One oth
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Layer 1 Ethernet (Cabling)What if a
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Layer 1 Ethernet (Cabling)Twisted P
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Console49F Link 50F1 3 5 7 9 1113 1
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Layer 1 Ethernet (Cabling)SC connec
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Layer 2 Ethernet (Addressing)Ethern
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Half-duplex vs. Full-duplexine, thi
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Brocade Ethernet Switches & Routers
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Chapter Review Questions5. What lay
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TCP/IP2The most popular protocol st
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Console49F Link 50F1 3 5 7 9 1113 1
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Network Classes128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
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Network ClassesWhat we haven't talk
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The SubnetTable 2. Understanding Su
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Layer 4 TCP/IP: TCP/UDPRFC 1918 spe
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Layer 4 TCP/IP: TCP/UDPtions will a
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Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
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User Datagram Protocol (UDP)When it
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Console49F Link 50F1 3 5 7 9 11 13
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Packet CapturingTcpdump is a comman
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SummaryYou'll typically need some s
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Chapter Review Questions3. What is
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Answers to Review Questionscan't us
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Data Center Bridging (DCB)3Introduc
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Introduction802.1Qbb: Priority-base
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The Ethernet PAUSE Functionresponsi
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Enhanced Tranmission SelectionFrom
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Data Center Bridge eXchangeData Cen
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Building the DCB CloudBuilding the
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Summary• Enhanced Transmission Se
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TRILL—Adding Multi-Pathingto Laye
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Why do we need it?To address this p
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The TRILL ProtocolJust as important
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Moving TRILL DataMAC-RB4MAC-RB1RB3R
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Load Balancing Basics5With the rise
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Co ns ol ePwrCC U1 PU 2 PU 3TxActRx
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Console49F Link 50F1 3 5 7 9 11 13
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Co ns ol ePwrActi veC PU 2 PU 3C PU
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Chapter Review Questions• Direct
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Chapter Review Questions7. Your loa
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Answers to Review Questions9. d. Yo
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Part Two: SwitchingThe following ch
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J-FxGMR4Ac ti veLi nkLinkLinkLi nkP
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Accessing the CLIThis is not the on
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Online HelpFor your convenience, yo
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The configProbably the most recogni
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Software (and where it's stored)All
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Software (and where it's stored)Let
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show commandsThe copy command can b
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clear commandsThere's one more show
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Configuring the InterfaceHere's an
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PingSource . Particularly if you ar
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Filters and Regular ExpressionsThis
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User Access ControlUser Access Cont
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User Access ControlIf you were to c
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User Access ControlBy default, a ne
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User Access ControlYou can also con
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User Access ControlSNMP also allows
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The Web UIYou can see that you have
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SummaryBut what if you want to disa
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Chapter Review Questions2. Which RM
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Answers to Review Questions5. c. Th
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Console49F Link 50F1 3 5 7 9 1113 1
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Switch TrunksYou define static trun
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Page 184 and 185: Virtual Local Area Network(VLAN)8No
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Page 190 and 191: Configuring VLANsNow, we need to se
Page 192 and 193: Configuring VLANsVLAN, and add it b
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Page 202 and 203: VLAN GroupsYou also have to assign
Page 204 and 205: Chapter Review QuestionsChapter Rev
Page 206 and 207: Answers to Review Questions4. a. An
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Page 214 and 215: IEEE 802.1d (Spanning Tree Protocol
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Page 222 and 223: IEEE 802.1s (MST)Port IEEE 802.1W P
Page 224 and 225: IEEE 802.1s (MST)another instance o
Page 228 and 229: SummaryWe need to define this on bo
Page 232 and 233: Part Three: Layer 3Switching (Routi
Page 236 and 237: The Routing TableLet's take a momen
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Page 250 and 251: The “Null” RouteTo see RIP's ro
Page 252 and 253: Chapter Review Questions2. What is
Page 254 and 255: Open Shortest Path First(OSPF)11We
Page 256 and 257: Getting to Know Your NeighborsHello
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Page 262 and 263: Autonomous Systems (AS)This still d
Page 264 and 265: Link State Advertisement (LSA)A NSS
Page 266 and 267: Configuring OSPFIf you use a loopba
Page 268 and 269: Configuring OSPFHere's an example t
Page 272 and 273: Summary• show ip ospf virtual-lin
Page 274 and 275: Chapter Review Questions3. By defau
Page 276 and 277: Multi Protocol LabelSwitching (MPLS
Page 278 and 279: What is MPLS?Step 4. The labeled pa
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MPLS Virtual Leased Lines (VLL)Step
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MPLS Layer 3 VPNsTo validate the co
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MPLS Layer 3 VPNsConfiguring MPLS L
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Border Gateway Protocol(BGP)13For m
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The Autonomous System (AS)As of 201
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Configuring BGPTo summarize, the pe
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Configuring BGPBut how do we use ou
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SummarySummary• BGP is the standa
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Answers to Review Questions7. What
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Security, Redundancyand More14We've
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Security: Access Control Lists (ACL
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RXTXCle a rChannel T3Test A IS Y e
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Access Control Lists: Not Just For
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Redundancy: Virtual Router Redundan
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SummaryThe other processing mechani
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Chapter Review QuestionsChapter Rev
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Answers to Review QuestionsAnswers
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Part Four: Layer 4-7Switching (Load
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Server Load Balancing (SLB)15Welcom
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The Brocade ServerIronThe Managemen
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The Brocade ServerIronAttackerEcho
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ServerIronThe Brocade ServerIrondoe
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Predictors• Round-robin. This is
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Configuring SLBGoing back to our in
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Configuring SLBWhen a real server p
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SLB show CommandsSLB show CommandsT
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SLB show Commands• Active (ACT).
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Configuring Direct Server Return (D
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ServerIronServerIronBI4XGBI4XGBI24C
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Symmetric Server Load BalancingIf y
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Remote ServersIn this scenario, Ser
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Summary— Server response time onl
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Chapter Review Questions5. Which co
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424C424C424C424C424C424CConsolePwrA
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Session PersistenceNow, let's say t
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Session PersistenceWhen a sticky se
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Session PersistenceNow, you must en
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URL SwitchingURL SwitchingURL switc
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424C424C424C424C424C424CConsolePwrA
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Configuring Transparent Cache Switc
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SummarySummary• Policy-based SLB
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Chapter Review Questions6. Which pe
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NetScreen - 204BI4XGBI4XGBI24CBI24C
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NetScreen - 204POWERSTATUS-1ALARMHA
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NetScreen - 204POWERSTATUS-1ALARMHA
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FWLB show CommandsAs we mentioned a
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Stateful FWLBresponse, it will try
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Chapter Review QuestionsChapter Rev
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Answers to Review Questions8. a. Tr
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Global Server Load Balancing(GSLB)1
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Domain Name Service (DNS)take the n
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Enter: Global Server Load Balancing
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How Does GSLB Decide?Now, I mention
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How Does GSLB Decide?Check 6: Flash
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Configuring GSLBIt's the address of
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GSLB show CommandsNext, there may b
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Chapter Review Questions1. What doe
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Answers to Review Questions5. b. Th
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Glossary10Base-T An Ethernet specif
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GlossaryAuthentication This is the
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GlossaryDCB Data Center Bridging. T
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GlossaryFrame This is the data unit
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GlossaryLACPDU Link Aggregation Con
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GlossaryNIC Network Interface Contr
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GlossaryRoot switch In Spanning Tre
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GlossaryTAC Technical Assistance Ce
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GlossaryVirtual link In OSPF, all a
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BROCADE IP PRIMERFIRST EDITIONThe w
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