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specified with the ":" character rather than with explicit extents, and they are given theALLOCATABLE attribute.4.1.1 Explicit Shape ArraysExplicit shape arrays are those arrays familiar to FORTRAN 77 programmers. Each dimension isdeclared with an explicit value. There are two special cases of explicit arrays. In a procedure, anexplicit array whose bounds are passed in from the calling program is called an automatic-array.The second special case, also found in a procedure, is that of an adjustable-array which is adummy array where the bounds are passed from the calling program.4.1.2 Assumed Shape ArraysAn assumed shape array is a dummy array whose bounds are determined from the actual array.Intrinsics called from the called program can determine sizes of the extents in the called program’sdummy array.4.1.3 Deferred Shape ArraysA deferred shape array is an array that is declared, but not with an explicit shape. Upondeclaration, the array's type, its kind, and its rank (number of dimensions) are determined.Deferred shape arrays are of two varieties, allocatable arrays and array pointers.4.1.4 Assumed Size ArraysAn assumed size array is a dummy array whose size is determined from the corresponding array inthe calling program. The array’s rank and extents may not be declared the same as the originalarray, but its total size (number of elements) is the same as the actual array. This form of arrayshould not need to be used in new Fortran programs.4.2 Array SpecificationArrays may be specified in either of two types of data type specification statements, attributeorientedspecifications or entity-oriented specifications. Arrays may also optionally have dataassigned to them when they are declared. This section covers the basic form of entity-baseddeclarations for the various types of arrays. Note that all the details of array passing for proceduresare not covered here; refer to The Fortran 95 Handbook for complete details on the use of arraysas dummy arguments.146 Chapter 4