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B'b 1 b 2 ...b n 'B"b 1 b 2 ...b n "where b i is either 0 or 1.The form of an octal constant is:O'c 1 c 2 ...c n 'O"c 1 c 2 ...c n "where c i is in the range 0 through 7.The form of a hexadecimal constant is:Z'a 1 a 2 ...a n 'Z"a 1 a 2 ...a n "or'a 1 a 2 ...a n 'X"a 1 a 2 ...a n "Xwhere a is in the range 0 through 9 or a letter in the range A through F or a through f (case mixingis allowed).2.6.1 Octal and Hexadecimal Constants - Alternate Form §The PGF95 and PGHPF compilers support additional extensions. This is an alternate form foroctal constants, outside of DATA statements. The form for an octal constant is:'c 1 c 2 ...c n 'OThe form of a hexadecimal constant is:'a 1 a 2 ...a n 'Xwhere c i is a digit in the range 0 to 7 and a i is a digit in the range 0 to 9 or a letter in the range A toF or a to f (case mixing is allowed). Up to 64 bits (22 octal digits or 16 hexadecimal digits) can bespecified.Octal and hexadecimal constants are stored as either 32-bit or 64-bit quantities. They are paddedon the left with zeroes if needed and assume data types based on how they are used.The following are the rules for converting these data types:42 Chapter 2
• A constant is always either 32 or 64 bits in size and is typeless. Sign-extension and typeconversionare never performed. All binary operations are performed on 32-bit or 64-bitquantities. This implies that the rules to follow are only concerned with mixing 32-bit and 64-bit data.• When a constant is used with an arithmetic binary operator (including the assignmentoperator) and the other operand is typed, the constant assumes the type and size of the otheroperand.• When a constant is used in a relational expression such as .EQ., its size is chosen from theoperand having the largest size. This implies that 64-bit comparisons are possible.• When a constant is used as an argument to the generic AND, OR, EQV, NEQV, SHIFT, orCOMPL function, a 32-bit operation is performed if no argument is more than 32 bits in size;otherwise, a 64-bit operation is performed. The size of the result corresponds to the chosenoperation.• When a constant is used as an actual argument in any other context, no data type is assumed;however, a length of four bytes is always used. If necessary, truncation on the left occurs.• When a specific 32-bit or 64-bit data type is required, that type is assumed for the constant.Array subscripting is an example.• When a constant is used in a context other than those mentioned above, an INTEGER*4 datatype is assumed. Logical expressions and binary arithmetic operations with other untypedconstants are examples.• When the required data type for a constant implies that the length needed is more than thenumber of digits specified, the leftmost digits have a value of zero. When the required datatype for a constant implies that the length needed is less than the number of digits specified,the constant is truncated on the left. Truncation of nonzero digits is allowed.In the example below, the constant I (of type INTEGER*4) and the constant J (of typeINTEGER*2) will have hex values 1234 and 4567, respectively. The variable D (of type REAL*8)will have the hex value x4000012345678954 after its second assignment:I = '1234'X! Leftmost Pad with zeroJ = '1234567'X! Truncate Leftmost 3 hex digitsD = '40000123456789ab'XD = NEQV(D,'ff'X) ! 64-bit Exclusive OrFortran Data Types 43
Page 2: While every precaution has been tak
Page 8 and 9: Table 6-18: HPF Intrinsics and Libr
Page 10 and 11: • ISO/IEC 1539 : 1991, Informatio
Page 12 and 13: non-printing characters, such as TA
Page 14 and 15: 1 Language OverviewThis chapter des
Page 16 and 17: Table 1-1: Order of StatementsOPTIO
Page 18 and 19: 1.3 Free Form FormattingUsing free
Page 20 and 21: A continuation line is indicated by
Page 22 and 23: The following examples are invalid
Page 24 and 25: Operators of equal rank are evaluat
Page 26 and 27: 1.7.3 Relational ExpressionsA relat
Page 28 and 29: 1.9 Assignment StatementsA Fortran
Page 30 and 31: defined in the character expression
Page 33 and 34: 2 Fortran Data TypesEvery Fortran e
Page 35 and 36: Table 2-3: Data Type ExtensionsType
Page 37 and 38: [s]d 1 d 2 ...d n [ _ kind-paramete
Page 39 and 40: 2.2.5 Complex ConstantsA complex co
Page 41 and 42: CHARACTER(LEN=20) FIRST, LAST, MIDD
Page 43: 2.4.4 Character SubstringA characte
Page 47 and 48: STRUCTURE [/structure_name/][field_
Page 49 and 50: RECORD /person/ population(2), me..
Page 51 and 52: BYTE items(12)END MAPEND UNIONEND S
Page 53: declarator, modifying its value dur
Page 56 and 57: 90/95 This statement is either new
Page 58 and 59: ALLOCATE 90The ALLOCATE statement i
Page 60 and 61: DescriptionARRAY can be used in a s
Page 62 and 63: ExamplesBACKSPACE 4BACKSPACE ( UNIT
Page 64 and 65: ExamplesCALL CRASH! no argumentsCAL
Page 66 and 67: Note: The data type of a symbol may
Page 68 and 69: HPFExampleDIMENSION R(10)COMMON /HO
Page 70 and 71: ALL1is an allocatable COMMON block
Page 72 and 73: I = I + H..END SUBROUTINE YEND SUBR
Page 74 and 75: DEALLOCATE 77The DEALLOCATE stateme
Page 76 and 77: See AlsoREAD, PRINTDIMENSION 90The
Page 78 and 79: DO (non-block)DO label [,] index =
Page 80 and 81: DOUBLE COMPLEX § 77The DOUBLE COMP
Page 82 and 83: SyntaxIF logical expression THENsta
Page 84 and 85: cfbioserrsis an integer expression
Page 86 and 87: For example:END FILE(20)END FILE(UN
Page 88 and 89: e more than one ENTRY statement wit
Page 90 and 91: EQUIVALENCE 77The EQUIVALENCE state
Page 92 and 93: extrinsic-kind-keyword is the name
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if no list items are specified; in
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argumentis a symbolic name, startin
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ExampleslistASSIGN 50 TO KGO TO K(5
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IF (Block) 77The block IF statement
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INCLUDE § 77The INCLUDE statement
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FILE= finFORM= fmfin is a character
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DescriptionWhen an INQUIRE by file
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INTEGER, INTENT(OUT)::I1I1=R1END SU
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SUBROUTINE TRIG (X,F,Y)Y=F(X)RETURN
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Manipulating data using union decla
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Using the -I command-line option di
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ERR=errsFILE= finFORM=fmcharacter d
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ACCESSThe value of 'APPEND' will be
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• Case is not significant, unless
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The pointer-based variable does not
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and is roughly equivalent tocharact
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.END MODULETypeNon-executableSee Al
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• Every item whose value is to be
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DescriptionYou create memory storag
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RETURN 77The RETURN statement cause
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line option). Dummy arguments, name
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STRUCTURE § 77The STRUCTURE statem
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argumentis a symbolic name, startin
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Syntax Derived Type DefinitionTYPE
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BYTE num_itemsBYTE items(12)END MAP
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ExamplesINTEGER SCORE(30)CHARACTER
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eal sumsum = 4h()accept sumand is r
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specified with the ":" character ra
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For example:SUBROUTINE YSUM1(M,B,C)
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4.5 CM Fortran Extensions4.5.1 The
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same manner. Direct access files ar
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Table 5-1: OPEN SpecifiersSpecifier
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After data is transferred, the file
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• Repeatable editor commands whic
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On output, the B field descriptor t
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5.5.2.8 G Format ControlThe G forma
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5.5.2.14 O Format Control Octal Val
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The X control specifies a number of
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5.7 List-directed formattingList-di
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Data TypeINTEGER*4INTEGER*8LOGICAL*
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• The value may be constants as a
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Table 6-1: Numeric FunctionsGeneric
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GenericNameIZEXTPurposeZero-ExtendF
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GenericNameREALPurposeConvert toREA
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GenericNamePurposeNumberof ArgsSIN
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GenericNameIANDPurposeLogicalANDNum
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Table 6-5: Fortran 90/95 Bit Manipu
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Table 6-8: Fortran 90/95 Array Redu
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Table 6-10: Fortran 90/95 Array Con
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Generic Name Purpose Numberof ArgsP
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Table 6-17: Miscellaneous Functions
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ArgumentsThe argument STR is the st
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SynopsisALLOCATED(ARRAY)ArgumentThe
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SynopsisASIND(X)ArgumentThe argumen
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ArgumentThe argument X must be of t
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Return ValueReturns a complex numbe
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COUNT 90Return the number of true e
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VALUES(6)VALUES(7)VALUES(8)holds th
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Return ValueThe dot product. For VE
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EXPONENT 90Return the exponent part
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SynopsisIAND(I, J)ArgumentsThe argu
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ArgumentThe arguments I and J must
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INT8 § 77Converts a real value to
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JINT § 77Converts a value to an in
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LEN 90Returns the length of the sup
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LLT 90Test the supplied strings to
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LSHIFT § 77Perform a logical shift
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If the MASK parameter is present, t
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MINLOC 90Return the position of the
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MVBITS 90Copies a bit sequence from
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SynopsisNULL([PTR])ArgumentsThe opt
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Return ValueThe return value is the
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SynopsisREAL(A [,KIND])ArgumentsThe
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ArgumentsThe argument X is of type
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Return ValueThe result is an array
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SIZE 90Returns either the total num
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Return ValueThe return value is the
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TRANSFER 90Return a value that has
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VERIFY 90Verify that a character st
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IntrinsicIALL_SUFFIXIANYIANY_PREFIX
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Return ValueThe shifted array with
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getloghostnmlstatputenvsymlnkttynam
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esyndbesj0dbesj1dbesjndbesy0dbesy1d
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Descriptionctime converts a system
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fgetcGet character from a logical u
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Synopsisinteger function fseek(lu,
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Synopsisinteger function getc(ch)ch
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Synopsisinteger function getuid()De
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isattyIs logical unit a tty.Synopsi
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DescriptionReturn the value which i
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perrorPrint error message.Synopsiss
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DescriptionThe functions rand and i
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DescriptionReturn the index of the
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except lstat returns information ab
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ttynamGet name of a terminalSynopsi
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7.2.2 VAX/VMS System SubroutinesDAT
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destis an integer variable or array
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8 OpenMP Directives for FortranThe
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the parallel region redundantly. Th
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In the presence of an IF clause, th
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!$OMP SINGLE [Clauses]< Fortran cod
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By default, there is an implicit ba
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appear within a parallel region. It
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[!$OMP SECTION]< Fortran code block
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directive. When a common block that
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subroutine omp_unset_lock(integer_v
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9 HPF DirectivesHPF directives are
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ALIGN - REALIGNThe ALIGN directive
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See AlsoThe TEMPLATE and PROCESSORS
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Example!HPF$!HPF$!HPF$!HPF$REAL A(1
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See AlsoFor details on the PROCESSO
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TypeSpecificationSee AlsoFor detail
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IntrinsicGLOBAL_TO_LOCALGLOBAL_UBOU
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Return ValueIf the actual argument
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ArgumentsARRAY may be of any type;
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Return TypeThe result is of type de
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ArgumentsOptional argument. PROC.AR
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IndexABSTRACT_TO_PHYSICAL..........
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DATA ..............................
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GETLOG ............................
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EXP ...............................
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F specifier........................
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LOCAL_UNIDEX.......................
Page 343 and 344:
OpenMP Fortran Directives .........
Page 345 and 346:
DOWHILE ...........................
Page 347:
FMT specifier......................
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