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5.5.2.1 A Format Control – Character DataThe A specifier transfers characters. The A can optionally be followed by a field width w. When wis not specified, the width is determined by the size of the data item.On output, if l is the length of the character item and w is the field width, then the following rulesapply:• If w > l, w – l blanks before the character.• If w < l, leftmost w characters.On input, if l is the length of the character I/O item and w is the field width, then the followingrules apply:Appendix AAppendix BIf w > l, rightmost l characters from the input filed.If w < l, leftmost w characters from the input filed and followed by l – w blanks.You can also use the A format specifier to process data types other than CHARACTER. For typesother than CHARACTER, the number of characters supplied for input/output will equal the size inbytes of the data allocated to the data type. For example, an INTEGER*4 value is represented with4 characters and a LOGICAL*2 is represented with 2 characters.The following shows a simple example that reads two CHARACTER arrays from the file data.src:CHARACTER STR1*8, STR2*12OPEN(2, FILE='data.src')READ(2, 10) STR1, STR210 FORMAT ( A8, A12 )5.5.2.2 B Format Control – Binary DataThe B field descriptor transfers binary values and can be used with any integer data type. The editdescriptor has the form:Bw[.m]where w specifies the field width and m indicates minimum field width on output.On input, the external field to be input must contain (unsigned) binary characters only (0 or 1). Anall blank field is treated as a value of zero. If the value of the external field exceeds the range ofthe corresponding list element, an error occurs.Fortran Intrinsics 159