PP-52ZEOLITE COATINGS ON SUGAR CANE BAGASSE: A WAY TOACHIEVE ENHANCED SELECTIVITY IN ACID CATALYSIS?Marcelo M. Pereira 1 , Margareth Rose L. Santos 1 , Luciana T. Santos 2 ,Fabien Ocampo 3 , Benoit Louis 31 Federal University <strong>of</strong> Rio de Janeiro, CT, bloco A, 6º andar, 628, CEP 21941-909,RJ, Brazil – FAX 55-21-2562-7251, maciel@iq.ufrj.br2 Nacional Agency <strong>of</strong> Petroleum, Av. Rio Branco, 65, CEP 20090-004, RJ, Brazil3 Laboratoire des Matériaux Surfaces et Procédés pour la Catalyse,UMR 7515 du CNRS, University <strong>of</strong> Strasbourg, 25 rue Becquerel 67087Strasbourg Cedex 2, FranceFrench fries-like ZSM-5 zeolite crystals with a size ranging between 50 and100 nm were grown on sugar cane bagasse surface. Aligned zeolite crystals wereallowed to grow using a combination <strong>of</strong> supramolecular templating and conventionalself-assembly <strong>of</strong> template cations and silica species. A relationship has beenestablished between the chemical composition <strong>of</strong> the vegetal and the morphologyand aggregation degree <strong>of</strong> zeolite crystals.Zeolite nanocrystals, grown on the sugar cane substrate, allow enhanceddiffusional properties in comparison with purely microporous zeolite materials. Theircatalytic behavior in n-hexane cracking reaction led to a higher selectivity toward lightolefins. Higher selectivities to propylene and ethylene were reached with structuredmesoporous ZSM-5 zeolite. This higher selectivity toward light olefins (alkene/alkaneratio about 20% higher than conventional ZSM-5 zeolite. This result suggests thatimproved diffusion properties within the hierarchical porosity are induced within thesenano French-fries like zeolitecrystals.The double novelty consists inthe synthesis <strong>of</strong> hierarchical zeolitemicrospheres (diameter about 1μm)formed by the self-aggregation <strong>of</strong>many French-fries like nanocrystals(see Figure 1). In addition, arenewable vegetal source can beused as a supramolecular template inreplacement <strong>of</strong> expensive polymers.Figure 1 - Self-organized nano-French friesshaped ZSM-5 zeolite crystals.142
PP-53USE OF PATENT APPLICATIONS AS TECNOLOGICAL INDICATORSON THE ETHANOL PRODUCTION FROM LIGNOCELLULOSICBIOMASS IN BRAZILLuiz André F.S. Schlittler 1 , Edelvio de Barros Gomes 2 ,Adelaide Maria S. Antunes 3 , Nei Pereira Junior 41,2,4 Dep. <strong>of</strong> Biochemical Engineering – Federal University <strong>of</strong> Rio de JaneiroAv. Athos da Silveira Ramos, 149 / bl. E – lab. 121Rio de Janeiro – RJ – Brazil. Zip: 21.941-909 / P.O. BOX: 68542E-mail: lafelizardo@yahoo.com.br3 Dep. Of Chemical Engineering – Federal University <strong>of</strong> Rio de JaneiroAv. Athos da Silveira Ramos, 149 / bl. E – I. 2000 – SIQUIMRio de Janeiro – RJ – Brazil. Zip: 21.941-909The trends <strong>of</strong> the industry, nowadays, go towards cleaner technologies to reduceenvironmental pollution. Biotechnology <strong>of</strong>fers environmental, social and economicadvantages that can be considered important factors to develop sustainable actions,especially in rural communities. The lignocellulosic biomass is the richest source <strong>of</strong>carbohydrates in the world and, in the past, due to lack <strong>of</strong> sustainable technologies. ithas not been properly exploited. Today, there are available technologies to turn thepolymeric structure into building blocks for the production <strong>of</strong> bi<strong>of</strong>uels and chemicals,suggesting a new conception <strong>of</strong> process integration, which has been denominatedBiorefinery. This work screened the state <strong>of</strong> art <strong>of</strong> the ethanol productiontechnologies from lignocellulosic biomass using patent applications in the Brazilian<strong>Institute</strong> <strong>of</strong> Industrial Property (INPI) until the year <strong>of</strong> 2009. The work is shared inthree topics: Pretreatments, enzymes production and ethanol production processes.There are 36 applications <strong>of</strong> pretreatment technologies which 75% belong toAmerican continent institutions (20 North American and 7 Brazilian) and most <strong>of</strong> itdealing with diluted acid pretreatment. On the subject <strong>of</strong> enzyme production there are38 patent applications and, among these, 14 belong to Danish companies, focus onNovozymes with 12 applications, and 7 to North Americans. Most <strong>of</strong> theseapplications are related with cellulases and hemicellulases utilization on the textileindustry. On the ethanol production processes from lignocellulosic biomass there are31 patent application and, in this case, Brazil is has the majority (12 applications),followed by United States (9 applications) and Finland (3 applications). It is notoriousthe expertise <strong>of</strong> the Brazilian institutions on the production <strong>of</strong> first generation ethanol,which is being transferred to the second (agricultural residues) and third generations(macroalgaes).143