american samoa - University of Hawaii at Manoa Botany Department

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TABLE 3-4COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONWETLAND RESTORATION AND ENHANCEMENT OPPORTUNITIESALAO WETLANDOptionProjectCostResidentialLand UsesSubsistenceAgricultureWildlifeHabitatWetlandVegetationHabitatStormwaterDetentionFloodHazards &PropertyDamage1 LC NBC NBC SB SB LB NBC2 LC NBC SB LB LB MB LBNotes: Potential project benefits were rated by PPC as follows:SB Significant project benefitsLC Limited undesirable consequencesMB Moderate project benefitsMC Moderate undesirable consequencesLBNBCLimited project benefitsNo anticipated project benefits orundesirable consequencesSource: Pedersen Planning Consultants, 2000Recommended Option and Estimated Project CostSCSignificant undesirable project impactsThe restoration of taro production within the Taufusi Marsh (Option 2) is recommended forimplementation. This wetland enhancement project is recommended because the project can beachieved cost effectively, and at the same time, provide multiple benefits to Taufusi Marsh andAlao Village.From a resource management perspective, taro production will provide a combination ofbenefits that can be derived from increased stormwater detention and increased groundwaterrecharge. Alao Village may gain some nominal economic benefits from taro production thatcould generate some local employment and help sustain the economic viability of thecommunity. The restoration of taro production is complementary to other commercialagriculture production within the east side of the marsh.The costs associated with the restoration of taro production would be limited to the purchase ofwetland taro cuttings and the distribution of taro cuttings to Alao Village (Table 3-5).Otherwise, labor and equipment required for taro planting would be provided by local residentsof Alao. Total project costs are estimated to be $1,640.TABLE 3-5PRELIMINARY COST ESTIMATEPROCUREMENT AND DISTRIBUTION OF TARO PLANT CUTTINGSTO ALAO VILLAGELABORPersonnel Number Hours Hourly Rate ($) Cost ($)ASCC Plant NurseryTechnician 1 104 10 1,040All Personnel 1 104 $1,040MATERIALSItem Quantity Unit Cost ($) Cost ($)Taro Cuttings 100 5 500Garbage Bags 20 boxes 5 100All Materials $600EQUIPMENT (to be supplied by Alao Village)All Equipment $0TOTAL LABOR AND MATERIALS $1,640Source: Pedersen Planning Consultants, 2000American Samoa Wetland/Stream Restoration and Enhancement PlanFebruary 2001, Alao Wetland, Page 3-12
Long-Term Monitoring and Site Maintenance RequirementsLong-term resource management activities associated with the enhancement and restoration ofthe Alao wetland should include the seasonal monitoring of selected resource characteristicsand periodic site maintenance.Resource MonitoringThe process of resource monitoring will involve completion of the following steps by ASEPA,ASCMP, or other ASG agency staff:• Prepare a field map of restoration and enhancement site from available digital files inthe American Samoa GIS.• Go to the restoration and enhancement site and collect information summarized on fieldmonitoring worksheet.• Upon return to office from the field, incorporate new spatial data, topographic features,and resource conditions within the American Samoa GIS as points, lines, or polygons.• When desired, expand attribute tables for points, lines and polygons to enhance thedescription of resource characteristics and changes.• Make an annual evaluation of selected resource conditions that analyzes theeffectiveness of the overall restoration and enhancement project.Long term monitoring of the Alao wetland restoration and enhancement project will requireperiodic examinations of:• changes in stream channel trapezoids between the wetland and the Mulivaitele Streammouth;• potential stream modifications;• the survival of new taro plantings and taro production yields;• changes in adjoining land uses; and,• potential non-point source discharges into the wetland.The types of information needed, monitoring frequency, monitoring locations, and evaluationparameters are summarized in Table 3-6. A field work sheet or checklist, which can be used inthe field, is provided in Table 3-7.Future resource monitoring can be effectively performed through bi-annual site visits to theAlao wetland and lower Mulivaitele Stream channel. This approach will enable comparisonsduring wet (December through March) and dry (April through November) seasons of the year.Additional visits should also take place during and/or following significant stormwater eventsthat may be generated from periods of significant rainfall.The availability of the American Samoa geographical information system enables theincorporation of most all resource monitoring information within the GIS. Field data can besummarized in attribute tables or databases. Digital photos can be linked to digital maps of therestoration site.American Samoa Wetland/Stream Restoration and Enhancement PlanFebruary 2001, Alao Wetland, Page 3-13
Page 1 and 2: Asili StreamAMERICAN SAMOAWETLAND/S
Page 3 and 4: American SamoaWetland/Stream Restor
Page 5 and 6: American Samoa Wetland/Stream Resto
Page 11 and 12: Figure 1-1Location of Potential Wet
Page 13 and 14: Onsite InvestigationsNovember 1999G
Page 15 and 16: Where appropriate, stream cross sec
Page 17 and 18: Chapter TwoTULA WETLANDLOCATIONTula
Page 19 and 20: Figure 2-2Tula WetlandExisting Cond
Page 21 and 22: Improved channelization of stormwat
Page 23 and 24: LAND USES IN THE VICINITY OF TULA W
Page 25 and 26: Figure 2-3Option 2: Detention of St
Page 27 and 28: Figure 2-4Option 3: Expansion of Ta
Page 29 and 30: Comparative Benefits and ImpactsPPC
Page 31 and 32: TABLE 2-4PRELIMINARY COST ESTIMATEP
Page 33 and 34: TABLE 2-5LONG-TERM RESOURCE MONITOR
Page 35 and 36: TABLE 2-6 (CONTINUED)FIELD MONITORI
Page 37 and 38: Chapter ThreeALAO WETLANDLOCATIONAl
Page 39 and 40: Figure 3-2Taufusi MarchExisting Con
Page 41 and 42: Figure 3-3FEMA 100-Year Flood Plain
Page 43 and 44: East Portion of the MarshThe impact
Page 45 and 46: WETLAND RESTORATION AND ENHANCEMENT
Page 47: The availability of new, blight-res
Page 51 and 52: TABLE 3-7FIELD MONITORING WORKSHEET
Page 53 and 54: Recommended monitoring stations or
Page 55 and 56: Figure 4-1Location MapAoa Village W
Page 57 and 58: No stream flow estimates are availa
Page 59 and 60: Fresh-Water SwampThe fresh-water sw
Page 61 and 62: ecome dominant if there is a nearby
Page 63 and 64: Relative Abundance and Diversity of
Page 65 and 66: Option 4: Restore Mangrove Forest U
Page 67 and 68: TABLE 4-5COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONWETL
Page 69 and 70: Long-term resource management activ
Page 73 and 74: • begin at the Tapua Stream mouth
Page 75 and 76: Figure 5-1Location MapSoutheast Wet
Page 77 and 78: Tufu Stream and two stream branches
Page 79 and 80: Mr. Whistler was part of a three-pe
Page 81 and 82: InvertebratesCrustacean densities w
Page 83 and 84: FIGURE 5-3OPTION 1: RESTORE RIPARIA
Page 85 and 86: TABLE 5-4COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONWETL
Page 87 and 88: Long term monitoring of the Vatia w
Page 91 and 92: More specific monitoring of stream
Page 93 and 94: Figure 6-1Location MapVaipito Strea
Page 95 and 96: Stream FlowsHistorical Stream Flows
Page 97 and 98: California grass (Brachiaria mutica
Page 99 and 100:
FIGURE 6-3FISH AND INVERTEBRATE SUR
Page 101 and 102:
Most of lower Vaipito Stream segmen
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Red mangrove should be planted with
Page 105 and 106:
TABLE 6-7PRELIMINARY COST ESTIMATEC
Page 107 and 108:
TABLE 6-9LONG-TERM RESOURCE MONITOR
Page 109 and 110:
TABLE 6-10 (Continued)FIELD MONITOR
Page 111 and 112:
Vehicular and pedestrian access to
Page 113 and 114:
Figure 7-1Location MapLeele-Papa-Ta
Page 115 and 116:
Stream flow, in some cases, is cons
Page 117 and 118:
Stormwater Discharges and Related F
Page 119 and 120:
AQUATIC FISH AND INVERTEBRATESGener
Page 121 and 122:
Opportunities and StrategiesOption
Page 123 and 124:
Figure 7-3Option 2: Reduction of Er
Page 125 and 126:
TABLE 7-8PRELIMINARY COST ESTIMATEP
Page 127 and 128:
Page 129 and 130:
TABLE 7-10 (Continued)FIELD MONITOR
Page 131 and 132:
More specific monitoring of stream
Page 133 and 134:
Figure 8-1Location MapSauino Stream
Page 135 and 136:
Stream FlowsHistorical Stream Flows
Page 137 and 138:
AQUATIC FISH AND INVERTEBRATESGener
Page 139 and 140:
Figure 8-3Option 1: Construction of
Page 141 and 142:
FIGURE 8-5OPTION 2: PLANT NATIVE RI
Page 143 and 144:
Long-Term Monitoring and Site Maint
Page 145 and 146:
TABLE 8-8FIELD MONITORING WORKSHEET
Page 147 and 148:
TABLE 8-8 (Continued)FIELD MONITORI
Page 149 and 150:
LOCATIONChapter NineLEAFU STREAMLea
Page 151 and 152:
Figure 9-2Leone Pala and 300-Foot L
Page 153 and 154:
However, during and following heavi
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Vegetation TrendsThe lower Leafu St
Page 157 and 158:
LAND USES ADJACENT TOLOWER LEAFU ST
Page 159 and 160:
Option 2: Construct Basaltic Wall,
Page 161 and 162:
Figure 9-5:Stabilize East Stream Ba
Page 163 and 164:
TABLE 9-7PRELIMINARY COST ESTIMATEP
Page 165 and 166:
Page 167 and 168:
TABLE 9-9 (Continued)FIELD MONITORI
Page 169 and 170:
Chapter TenASILI STREAMLOCATIONAsil
Page 171 and 172:
Figure 10-2Asili Stream SegmentExis
Page 173 and 174:
Stormwater Discharges and Related F
Page 175 and 176:
Further downstream, the stream chan
Page 177 and 178:
TABLE 10-4SUMMARY OF MACROFAUNAL OR
Page 179 and 180:
American Samoa Wetlands/Streams Res
Page 181 and 182:
CLEAN-UP OF LOWER ASILI STREAMLABOR
Page 183 and 184:
TABLE 10-9LONG-TERM RESOURCE MONITO
Page 185 and 186:
TABLE 10-10 (Continued)FIELD MONITO
Page 187 and 188:
Vehicular and pedestrian access to
Page 189 and 190:
Figure 11-1Location MapFusi Wetland
Page 191 and 192:
WETLAND VEGETATIONNovember 1999 Sur
Page 193 and 194:
The lack of stream flow entering th
Page 195 and 196:
Figure 11-3Option 1: Remove Solid W
Page 197 and 198:
Recommended Option and Estimated Pr
Page 199 and 200:
TABLE 11-6FIELD MONITORING WORKSHEE
Page 201 and 202:
Any future monitoring stations or s
Page 203 and 204:
Project ManagerRepresentatives of a
Page 205 and 206:
REFERENCESBiosystems Analysis, Inc.
Page 207 and 208:
APPENDIX ASUMMARY OFPLANTSOBSERVED
Page 209 and 210:
Species Family EnglishNameSamoanNam
Page 213:
APPENDIX CSUMMARY OFAQUATIC MACROFA
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