american samoa - University of Hawaii at Manoa Botany Department

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Chapter SixVAIPITO STREAMLOCATIONThe Vaipito Stream drainage is situated upland of the inner Pago Pago Harbor and Pago PagoVillage (Figure 6-1). The stream segment investigated included the lower end of VaipitoStream that extends from the Vaipito Stream mouth to about 2,725 feet upstream of theshoreline (Figure 6-2).STREAM HYDROLOGYSources of Surface RunoffThe Vaipito Stream drainage encompasses approximately 1.36 square miles of land area (U.S.Army Corps of Engineers, Honolulu District, 1990). This drainage receives surface runofffrom Gagamoe Stream, Laolao Stream, Pago Stream, Leau Stream, Vaima Stream, UtumoaStream, and Aga Stream (Figure 6-2).The Vaipito Stream drainage originates near the 1,200-foot elevation on the northwest slopes ofMt. Matafao. The main stem of Vaipito Stream flows through Pago Pago Village just east ofRoute 5. The stream channel passes along the northwest side of Pago Plaza and bisects PagoPark before discharging into the nearshore waters of inner Pago Pago Harbor.The lower stream channel that bisects Pago Park also receives surface runoff from a secondunnamed ditch and channel that is located on the south and east sides of Pago Pago ElementarySchool. This channel passes along the north side of a Mormon Church complex (on thesouthwest side of Route 1) and continues for about 800 feet before its confluence with the mainstem of Vaipito Stream.General Stream CharacteristicsThe lower Vaipito Stream channel segment represents a relatively narrow and deep channel.Exposed basalt boulders and man-made walls form the margin of the stream channel. Thestreambed typically contains a combination of medium to large basalt boulders, smaller rockcobble, sand, and decomposed organic material. Limited areas of the channel bottom are linedwith concrete.A considerable amount of household garbage and discarded organic material was found atvarious points within the streambed. With increased building densities in Pago Pago, a numberof landowners have also encroached their site development upon stream banks to help increasethe size of concrete driveways and vehicular parking areas.Rock walls and rock-filled gabions are located along various points of the lower streamchannel. They have apparently been installed to help prevent flood damages associated withhigher stormwater events, as well as protect properties from erosion along the stream bank.However, stream bank hardening and alterations of stream flow path have significantlyimpacted stream hydrology. Increased stream velocities, combined with alterations in streamflow path, have contributed to the failing of some gabions along Vaipito Stream.American Samoa Wetland/Stream Restoration and Enhancement PlanFebruary 2001, Vaipito Stream, Page 6-1
Figure 6-1Location MapVaipito Stream DrainageAmerican Samoa Wetland/Stream Restoration and Enhancement PlanFebruary 2001, Vaipito Stream, Page 6-2
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Asili StreamAMERICAN SAMOAWETLAND/S
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American SamoaWetland/Stream Restor
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American Samoa Wetland/Stream Resto
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Figure 1-1Location of Potential Wet
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Onsite InvestigationsNovember 1999G
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Where appropriate, stream cross sec
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Chapter TwoTULA WETLANDLOCATIONTula
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Figure 2-2Tula WetlandExisting Cond
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Improved channelization of stormwat
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LAND USES IN THE VICINITY OF TULA W
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Figure 2-3Option 2: Detention of St
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Figure 2-4Option 3: Expansion of Ta
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Comparative Benefits and ImpactsPPC
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TABLE 2-4PRELIMINARY COST ESTIMATEP
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TABLE 2-5LONG-TERM RESOURCE MONITOR
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TABLE 2-6 (CONTINUED)FIELD MONITORI
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Chapter ThreeALAO WETLANDLOCATIONAl
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Figure 3-2Taufusi MarchExisting Con
Page 41 and 42: Figure 3-3FEMA 100-Year Flood Plain
Page 43 and 44: East Portion of the MarshThe impact
Page 45 and 46: WETLAND RESTORATION AND ENHANCEMENT
Page 47 and 48: The availability of new, blight-res
Page 49 and 50: Long-Term Monitoring and Site Maint
Page 51 and 52: TABLE 3-7FIELD MONITORING WORKSHEET
Page 53 and 54: Recommended monitoring stations or
Page 55 and 56: Figure 4-1Location MapAoa Village W
Page 57 and 58: No stream flow estimates are availa
Page 59 and 60: Fresh-Water SwampThe fresh-water sw
Page 61 and 62: ecome dominant if there is a nearby
Page 63 and 64: Relative Abundance and Diversity of
Page 65 and 66: Option 4: Restore Mangrove Forest U
Page 67 and 68: TABLE 4-5COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONWETL
Page 69 and 70: Long-term resource management activ
Page 73 and 74: • begin at the Tapua Stream mouth
Page 75 and 76: Figure 5-1Location MapSoutheast Wet
Page 77 and 78: Tufu Stream and two stream branches
Page 79 and 80: Mr. Whistler was part of a three-pe
Page 81 and 82: InvertebratesCrustacean densities w
Page 83 and 84: FIGURE 5-3OPTION 1: RESTORE RIPARIA
Page 85 and 86: TABLE 5-4COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONWETL
Page 87 and 88: Long term monitoring of the Vatia w
Page 91: More specific monitoring of stream
Page 95 and 96: Stream FlowsHistorical Stream Flows
Page 97 and 98: California grass (Brachiaria mutica
Page 99 and 100: FIGURE 6-3FISH AND INVERTEBRATE SUR
Page 101 and 102: Most of lower Vaipito Stream segmen
Page 103 and 104: Red mangrove should be planted with
Page 105 and 106: TABLE 6-7PRELIMINARY COST ESTIMATEC
Page 107 and 108: TABLE 6-9LONG-TERM RESOURCE MONITOR
Page 109 and 110: TABLE 6-10 (Continued)FIELD MONITOR
Page 111 and 112: Vehicular and pedestrian access to
Page 113 and 114: Figure 7-1Location MapLeele-Papa-Ta
Page 115 and 116: Stream flow, in some cases, is cons
Page 117 and 118: Stormwater Discharges and Related F
Page 119 and 120: AQUATIC FISH AND INVERTEBRATESGener
Page 121 and 122: Opportunities and StrategiesOption
Page 123 and 124: Figure 7-3Option 2: Reduction of Er
Page 125 and 126: TABLE 7-8PRELIMINARY COST ESTIMATEP
Page 127 and 128: TABLE 7-9LONG-TERM RESOURCE MONITOR
Page 129 and 130: TABLE 7-10 (Continued)FIELD MONITOR
Page 131 and 132: More specific monitoring of stream
Page 133 and 134: Figure 8-1Location MapSauino Stream
Page 135 and 136: Stream FlowsHistorical Stream Flows
Page 137 and 138: AQUATIC FISH AND INVERTEBRATESGener
Page 139 and 140: Figure 8-3Option 1: Construction of
Page 141 and 142: FIGURE 8-5OPTION 2: PLANT NATIVE RI
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Long-Term Monitoring and Site Maint
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TABLE 8-8FIELD MONITORING WORKSHEET
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TABLE 8-8 (Continued)FIELD MONITORI
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LOCATIONChapter NineLEAFU STREAMLea
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Figure 9-2Leone Pala and 300-Foot L
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However, during and following heavi
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Vegetation TrendsThe lower Leafu St
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LAND USES ADJACENT TOLOWER LEAFU ST
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Option 2: Construct Basaltic Wall,
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Figure 9-5:Stabilize East Stream Ba
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TABLE 9-7PRELIMINARY COST ESTIMATEP
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TABLE 9-8LONG-TERM RESOURCE MONITOR
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TABLE 9-9 (Continued)FIELD MONITORI
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Chapter TenASILI STREAMLOCATIONAsil
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Figure 10-2Asili Stream SegmentExis
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Stormwater Discharges and Related F
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Further downstream, the stream chan
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TABLE 10-4SUMMARY OF MACROFAUNAL OR
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American Samoa Wetlands/Streams Res
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CLEAN-UP OF LOWER ASILI STREAMLABOR
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TABLE 10-9LONG-TERM RESOURCE MONITO
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TABLE 10-10 (Continued)FIELD MONITO
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Vehicular and pedestrian access to
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Figure 11-1Location MapFusi Wetland
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WETLAND VEGETATIONNovember 1999 Sur
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The lack of stream flow entering th
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Figure 11-3Option 1: Remove Solid W
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Recommended Option and Estimated Pr
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TABLE 11-6FIELD MONITORING WORKSHEE
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Any future monitoring stations or s
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Project ManagerRepresentatives of a
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REFERENCESBiosystems Analysis, Inc.
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APPENDIX ASUMMARY OFPLANTSOBSERVED
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Species Family EnglishNameSamoanNam
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APPENDIX CSUMMARY OFAQUATIC MACROFA
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american samoa - University of Hawaii at Manoa Botany Department

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