american samoa - University of Hawaii at Manoa Botany Department

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Figure 4-2Aoa WetlandExisting ConditionsAmerican Samoa Wetland/Stream Restoration and Enhancement PlanFebruary 2001, Aoa Wetland, Page 4-3
No stream flow estimates are available for Puna Stream. However, former Aoa resident andprincipal of Olomoana Elementary School informed Pedersen Planning Consultants in 1996that Puna Stream flows intermittently. PPC found no evidence of stream flow during theNovember 1999 survey.Stormwater Discharges and Related Flood PotentialPedersen Planning Consultants made a hydrologic analysis of the potential stormwaterdischarges to Aoa wetland during a range of storm events.TABLE 4-2POTENTIAL STORMWATER DISCHARGES INTO AOA WETLANDFROM TAPUA AND PUNA STREAMS2,10,50, AND 100-YEAR STORM EVENTSIN CUBIC FEET PER SECOND (CFS)Location 2-Year Storm 10-Year Storm 50-Year Storm 100-Year StormTapua-Lepa StreamDrainage 455 725 1,228 1,392Puna Stream 55 95 180 215All Streams 510 820 1,408 1,607Source: Pedersen Planning Consultants, 2000Through hydrologic modeling, PPC determined that potential stormwater discharges into theAoa wetland can range from 510 cubic feet per second (cfs) for a 2-year storm and about 1,607cfs for a 100-year storm.During PPC’s November 1999 survey, a 17-year resident of Aoa informed the survey team thatabout four homes on the southeast side of the wetland are flooded about once a year. Moist soiland water typically enter this area during the rainy season (Afusia, 1999). PPC representativesobserved similar flooding and moist soil conditions during its survey of the village in May1996 for the American Samoa Watershed Protection Plan.The potential flood plain associated with a 100-year storm event in Aoa was mapped by theFederal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) in May 1991. Available flood insurancerate maps prepared by FEMA suggest that all inland village areas south of the Aoa Bayshoreline have limited flood potential.However, continued landfill in the southeast part of the Aoa wetland for residential purposeswill only decrease the capability of the wetland to detain stormwater. Future residentialexpansion will likely exacerbate flooding problems and generate more future property damagesin the southeast part of the wetland. PPC representatives discussed this issue with the villagepulenuu, who is also a matai, during the November 1999 survey. The matai/pulenuu indicatedthat he would discuss the flooding problems and future stormwater detention needs with othermembers of the Aoa Village council (Taase, 1999).American Samoa Wetland/Stream Restoration and Enhancement PlanFebruary 2001, Aoa Wetland, Page 4-4
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Asili StreamAMERICAN SAMOAWETLAND/S
Page 3 and 4:
American SamoaWetland/Stream Restor
Page 5 and 6: American Samoa Wetland/Stream Resto
Page 11 and 12: Figure 1-1Location of Potential Wet
Page 13 and 14: Onsite InvestigationsNovember 1999G
Page 15 and 16: Where appropriate, stream cross sec
Page 17 and 18: Chapter TwoTULA WETLANDLOCATIONTula
Page 19 and 20: Figure 2-2Tula WetlandExisting Cond
Page 21 and 22: Improved channelization of stormwat
Page 23 and 24: LAND USES IN THE VICINITY OF TULA W
Page 25 and 26: Figure 2-3Option 2: Detention of St
Page 27 and 28: Figure 2-4Option 3: Expansion of Ta
Page 29 and 30: Comparative Benefits and ImpactsPPC
Page 31 and 32: TABLE 2-4PRELIMINARY COST ESTIMATEP
Page 33 and 34: TABLE 2-5LONG-TERM RESOURCE MONITOR
Page 35 and 36: TABLE 2-6 (CONTINUED)FIELD MONITORI
Page 37 and 38: Chapter ThreeALAO WETLANDLOCATIONAl
Page 39 and 40: Figure 3-2Taufusi MarchExisting Con
Page 41 and 42: Figure 3-3FEMA 100-Year Flood Plain
Page 43 and 44: East Portion of the MarshThe impact
Page 45 and 46: WETLAND RESTORATION AND ENHANCEMENT
Page 47 and 48: The availability of new, blight-res
Page 49 and 50: Long-Term Monitoring and Site Maint
Page 51 and 52: TABLE 3-7FIELD MONITORING WORKSHEET
Page 53 and 54: Recommended monitoring stations or
Page 55: Figure 4-1Location MapAoa Village W
Page 59 and 60: Fresh-Water SwampThe fresh-water sw
Page 61 and 62: ecome dominant if there is a nearby
Page 63 and 64: Relative Abundance and Diversity of
Page 65 and 66: Option 4: Restore Mangrove Forest U
Page 67 and 68: TABLE 4-5COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONWETL
Page 69 and 70: Long-term resource management activ
Page 73 and 74: • begin at the Tapua Stream mouth
Page 75 and 76: Figure 5-1Location MapSoutheast Wet
Page 77 and 78: Tufu Stream and two stream branches
Page 79 and 80: Mr. Whistler was part of a three-pe
Page 81 and 82: InvertebratesCrustacean densities w
Page 83 and 84: FIGURE 5-3OPTION 1: RESTORE RIPARIA
Page 85 and 86: TABLE 5-4COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONWETL
Page 87 and 88: Long term monitoring of the Vatia w
Page 91 and 92: More specific monitoring of stream
Page 93 and 94: Figure 6-1Location MapVaipito Strea
Page 95 and 96: Stream FlowsHistorical Stream Flows
Page 97 and 98: California grass (Brachiaria mutica
Page 99 and 100: FIGURE 6-3FISH AND INVERTEBRATE SUR
Page 101 and 102: Most of lower Vaipito Stream segmen
Page 103 and 104: Red mangrove should be planted with
Page 105 and 106: TABLE 6-7PRELIMINARY COST ESTIMATEC
Page 107 and 108:
TABLE 6-9LONG-TERM RESOURCE MONITOR
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TABLE 6-10 (Continued)FIELD MONITOR
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Vehicular and pedestrian access to
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Figure 7-1Location MapLeele-Papa-Ta
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Stream flow, in some cases, is cons
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Stormwater Discharges and Related F
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AQUATIC FISH AND INVERTEBRATESGener
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Opportunities and StrategiesOption
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Figure 7-3Option 2: Reduction of Er
Page 125 and 126:
TABLE 7-8PRELIMINARY COST ESTIMATEP
Page 127 and 128:
Page 129 and 130:
TABLE 7-10 (Continued)FIELD MONITOR
Page 131 and 132:
More specific monitoring of stream
Page 133 and 134:
Figure 8-1Location MapSauino Stream
Page 135 and 136:
Stream FlowsHistorical Stream Flows
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AQUATIC FISH AND INVERTEBRATESGener
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Figure 8-3Option 1: Construction of
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FIGURE 8-5OPTION 2: PLANT NATIVE RI
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Long-Term Monitoring and Site Maint
Page 145 and 146:
TABLE 8-8FIELD MONITORING WORKSHEET
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TABLE 8-8 (Continued)FIELD MONITORI
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LOCATIONChapter NineLEAFU STREAMLea
Page 151 and 152:
Figure 9-2Leone Pala and 300-Foot L
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However, during and following heavi
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Vegetation TrendsThe lower Leafu St
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LAND USES ADJACENT TOLOWER LEAFU ST
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Option 2: Construct Basaltic Wall,
Page 161 and 162:
Figure 9-5:Stabilize East Stream Ba
Page 163 and 164:
TABLE 9-7PRELIMINARY COST ESTIMATEP
Page 165 and 166:
Page 167 and 168:
TABLE 9-9 (Continued)FIELD MONITORI
Page 169 and 170:
Chapter TenASILI STREAMLOCATIONAsil
Page 171 and 172:
Figure 10-2Asili Stream SegmentExis
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Stormwater Discharges and Related F
Page 175 and 176:
Further downstream, the stream chan
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TABLE 10-4SUMMARY OF MACROFAUNAL OR
Page 179 and 180:
American Samoa Wetlands/Streams Res
Page 181 and 182:
CLEAN-UP OF LOWER ASILI STREAMLABOR
Page 183 and 184:
TABLE 10-9LONG-TERM RESOURCE MONITO
Page 185 and 186:
TABLE 10-10 (Continued)FIELD MONITO
Page 187 and 188:
Vehicular and pedestrian access to
Page 189 and 190:
Figure 11-1Location MapFusi Wetland
Page 191 and 192:
WETLAND VEGETATIONNovember 1999 Sur
Page 193 and 194:
The lack of stream flow entering th
Page 195 and 196:
Figure 11-3Option 1: Remove Solid W
Page 197 and 198:
Recommended Option and Estimated Pr
Page 199 and 200:
TABLE 11-6FIELD MONITORING WORKSHEE
Page 201 and 202:
Any future monitoring stations or s
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Project ManagerRepresentatives of a
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REFERENCESBiosystems Analysis, Inc.
Page 207 and 208:
APPENDIX ASUMMARY OFPLANTSOBSERVED
Page 209 and 210:
Species Family EnglishNameSamoanNam
Page 213:
APPENDIX CSUMMARY OFAQUATIC MACROFA
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american samoa - University of Hawaii at Manoa Botany Department

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