T RAV

LOW STATE OF MOBa\:L Il\{PROVEMENT' IN PORTUGAL. 125plicatedand deep-Iaid plot for the destructiou ofthe priest Grandier?­A rivaIry in early days.One consideration will strike obviously. Virtues, so far from prot~ctingtheirpossessors, precipitated their fall. And why ? Because therewas,nQ free press to laythe case duly before the public. Portugalwa,snot at tbat dayâs far advanced in moral progress as England was at thedeath of Edward IV.; and we see the etfectsofit.Carvalho was aman with abilities calculated to raise him iu;anycountry. Had circumstances perrnitted, he would haveperhaps acteda:part equal for brilliallcy to any we read of, but for his atrocity: asit is, hestandsdistinguished alone fOf tbe latter. Ifhis career be ohsoIete,now in the history oi Portugal, it ought never to be so in tha:tof mankind. In sOme cQuntries sucha.gross injustice would have beeu,iu course of time, by an amende honorable, and reversaI of sentence, fedressed,so far as depellds on humanpower and piety. Bnt such doesDot seem likely to take place here; aproof of the vanity, and wQrsethan vanity, of aIl sublunary objects.The ministry of Pombal is of as much importance in the present dayas the colonization ,of {Jly,sses, Gf which, noh\:ithstanding, we eve,!now and thenhear something", But to descend one step-from the daysof the poets to those of historians, little more veridical than tileirpre-, decessOl:s, though without thehrilliancy; it is impossible tocastaneye over th.e surface or map of this peninsula, without adverting ta thesteps, fortunes" andfat:es of the great powers which once struggledfor, and indeetl in the main possessed between them, neady what wasknown of the world. How:long did the Meditcrl'ancan continue thegrand theatre of h\.lman action L Military science, which has decidcdand will decide a1J, strLJck its germ' in Greece,a country otherwise morerèmarkable for refinement than knowledge, and indebtcd for whatit