Conference Abstract Compendium Examples from the ... - CityMatCH

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2009 CityMatCH Urban MCH Leadership ConferenceGiving voice to African American women in shaping health disparity inquiryPRIMARY CONTACT:Pamela McGranahan, RN, MSNPrevention CoordinatorPublic Health Madison Dane County220 South Martin Luther King Jr. BlvdMadison, WI, 53704Phone: (608) 243-0425Fax: (608) 243-0425Email:pmcgranahan@publichealthmdc.comCATEGORYInfant mortality and morbidityRacial and ethnic health disparitiesFOCUSData FocusBACKGROUNDCO-PRESENTER(S)/AUTHOR(S):Suzanne Gaulocher, gaulocher@wisc.edu(Author, Presenter)In Wisconsin, infants born to African-American women are three to four times more likely to die beforetheir first birthday than infants born to white women. Around 2002, African American infant mortalitydeclined dramatically and achieved rates comparable with Whites in the City of Madison and DaneCounty. Public Health-Madison & Dane County (PHMDC) is a partner in a larger collaborative researchproject to better understand this phenomenon.OBJECTIVESOur goal is to give voice to African-American women and community members in order to generatehypotheses that will shape research involving African American infant mortality. We hope to illuminatethe experiences and perceptions of African-American women, and to identify community-level factors orvariations in healthcare practices that might account for the apparent improvement.METHODSAs a preliminary effort, PHMDC conducted two focus groups made up of African American women. Thefirst group included eight women who had some historical perspective of childbearing in Madison andDane County prior to the year 2000. All participants in the second group experienced their pregnanciesand gave birth after 2002. Participants were asked about their life course as well as experiences withhealthcare, family, community, and their perceptions of race and racism. Additionally, 22 individualinterviews were conducted with providers, community members and African-American women to fill ingaps and pursue themes suggested by the focus groups. All activities were filmed.58
2009 CityMatCH Urban MCH Leadership ConferenceRESULTSThemes around race, poverty, healthcare, fathers, and community emerged, and the construct of resiliencehas been especially noticeable in the younger participants. Footage from the focus groups and interviewshas been used to develop a mini-documentary that will be shown at local events to encourage awarenessand dialogue among community members, stakeholders and providers. This will shed light on the livedexperience of African Americans in our community and generate suggestions to explore. This process willassure community engagement and awareness of the larger ongoing research project.LIMITATIONSMany lessons were learned in this process about the importance of choosing an appropriate setting,format, and moderator when conducting sensitive interviews. Our findings may be limited by somecharacteristics of the participants or through the context of our inquiry. Sampling through socialnetworking, the ideological dispositions inherent in issues of race and infant mortality, and assumptionsabout what is known and what must be revealed could all contribute to bias and gaps in data. This wouldbe strengthened through more random recruitment of participants, a more longitudinal approach, or ifreplicated in a similar-sized population with different birth outcomes.CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONSOur participants report deep satisfaction in their relationships with providers, and the construct ofresilience is a consistent theme throughout the interviews. Identifying factors that foster resilience couldhelp us to develop programs that promote resilience as a means of health promotion. It is important to alsoidentify healthcare providers’ actions and attitudes that cause African American women to feel valued andrespected. Promoting these factors might lead to a reduction in many health disparities and improvedpopulation health overall.59
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