BP Singh

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$WI LD R LATI\IES CROP PLANTS IN INDIA$

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104 Deep Chandmethyl chavicol types (0.960 to 91.24%), accessions (EC 338795,338779, 338784,338776) are linalool types (0.266- 69.19%) whereasgenotype (EC 312264) is methyl cinnamate type (16.56%) andaccessions (Be 282721) is eugenol type.In spices and condiments, some of the accessions established andperformed better under GAU, Main Spices Research Stati~m,Jegudan viz., cumin (EC 279053-54, 279081, 232684 and 243373)coriander (Be 279047-48, 232665-66, -69). Another accession highyielding and very early type (EC 357849), mid maturity types (EC363989, 363477-78), late maturity type accessions (EC 361712,363962 & 68), bold seeded (EC 363965-66 & 363980) and smallseeded genotype (BC 363981) were also observed.In fenugreek accessions like Be 257566, -206024, -243376, -241499),in fennel (Ee 257565 and Ee 257575), dill seed (Be 196641-42,232673-79), narrow and broad leaf variety of Piper nigru11l (Ee241341) introduced from Indonesia and now at NRC for spices forfurther evaluation were found promising.Priority Needs for IntroductionAlthough, N<strong>BP</strong>GR has introduced sufficient number of exoticgermplasm in medicinal, aromatic plants and spices and condimentswhich are representing quite large amount of crop variability withrespect to various desirable traits but now our emphasis is on forintroduction of germplasm resources with the following attributes.In opium poppy, annual temperate type collection from Finland,Hungary, Tasmania and Austria with high morphine content(more than 1%) for morphine prQduction and germplasm whichhas high range of variability in yield of latex, Senna germplasm .from Egypt, Sudan and Red Sea area having rich sinoside content(upto 4.5%A'f late flowering or more leafy biomass type are requiredto be introM:uced.'In Psyllium, high swelling mucilagenous seed germplasm, nonshattering which response to inputs with more g~netic variabilityin respect of spike length, tillering and resistance to downy mildewgenotypes. To widen the research work in Psyllium more materialshould be procured from Iran and Iraq. Further, Plantagomacrocarpa found over slightly alkaline wet lands in West Coastarea of North America provide useful genes for indehiseritcapsules which are required to be introduced. Germplasm of
Priorities for Promising Plant Introductions 105Periwinkle with high total alkaloid content (2.5%), more branching,thick root and leafy biomass should be procured from Brazil,Canada and Madagascar.Solanum laciniatum germplasm rich in sola so dine content which isconsidered to be an important raw material for commercialproduction of steroidal drugs should be introduced from Vietnam.Egyptian henbane germplasm with short duration, large biomassand Andrographis paniculata germplasm rich in andrographaloidcontent upto 2% and wild races from Sri Lanka are reqUired to beintroduced. In V£;tiver germplasm with high oil yield and superioraroma need to .be introduced from Indonesia, Reunion Island,Haiti, Guatemala, Mexico and Brazil.Oilpalm: Priority should be to introduce proven DXP combinationsand 30-103 P. pisifera tissue cultured plantlets from Nigeria anddurra parental lines from Malaysia, Ivory Coast and CentralAmerican regions.Black pepper : Disease resistant germplasm from growingcountries in south east Asia including Thailand, Malaysia,Indonesia and Sri Lanka need to be introduced.In Clove various genetic stocks from Tanzania and Mauritius onpriority basis, and in Cardamom from Guatemala, Tanzania andSri Lanka; in Cinnamon from Sri Lanka and the Seychelles Islands;in Nut meg (Myristlca argentea) nearest relative of nut meg shouldbe introduced from New Guinea for breeding programme.rt is necessary to introduce better quality, diseases resistant,high yielding germplasm material in all the seed spices such ascumin, coriander, fennel, fenugreek, celery, dill seed, caraway frommediterranean region for satisfying the requirements of thebreeders. This would help the country in augmenting the capacityfor production of essential oils and alkaloids which are muchrequired in drug pharmaceutical and essential oil industries.Selected ReferencesArora, RK. and E.R. Nayar (1984). Wild relatives of Crop Plants inIndia. N<strong>BP</strong>GR Scientific Monograph No.7 pp. 90Gnadinger r C.B. (1945), Pyrethrum Flowers Supplement. Me LaughlinGormley King CO' r Minneapolis r Minnesota, USA.
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Page14. Genebank Management System
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CONTRIBUTORS(Number in parentheses
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IIConservation of Plant Genetic Res
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Centres of Origin and Diversity of
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Need For Exchange of Plant Genetic
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Need For Exchange of Plant Genetic
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Principles of Plant Introduction an
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Principles of Plant Introduction an
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Principles and Concepts of Plant Qu
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Plant Quarnatine Regulations and th
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Symptoms Cause,d by Plant VirusesD.
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Symptoms Caused by Plant Viruses 16
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Symptoms Caused by Plant Vinlses 16
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Techniques for Detection of Plant V
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IISymptoms of Insect Damage in Crop
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Symptoms of Insect Damage in Crops
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IIMethods for Detection of Insects
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Symptoms of Nematode Damage 203adve
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Symptoms of Nematode Damage 205Abno
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Symptoms of Nematode Damage 207, co
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Detection Techniques for Plant Para
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Detection Techniques jar. Plant Par
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Treatment Schedules for Eradication
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Treatment Schedules jar Eradication
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Plant Genetic Resources activities
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Intellectual J:roperty Rights,' Pro
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The Indian National Gene Bank 243sp
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The Indian National Gene Bank 245In
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The Indian National Gene Bank' 247c
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LIST OF PARTICIPANTS OF TRAINING CO
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BP Singh

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