BP Singh

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$WI LD R LATI\IES CROP PLANTS IN INDIA$

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44 V.K. Mathurbecause crop improvement programmes in almost every countryare dependent on ~xotic germE.!~sm. Cooperation on the followinglines would help in reducing the cost of quarantine operations asalso the pest/pathogen introductiqn risk to a considerable extent.1. Consortium of Plant Quarantine Stations: Under this conceptproposed ~~ K~~_.{t~?7) different quarantine stations wouldundertake the-processing of different materials (several accessionsof the same crop or a group of crops) at each station and then sharethe material. This would avoid duplication of efforts, reduce costof processing and more material would be available with adequatequarantine safeguards. In the same way, scientific information likedetection techniques, treatments, distribution of pests/pathogensand antisera for serological diagnosis of viruses and bacteria couldbe shared by quarantine stations of different countries.2 .. Establishment of Central Seed Health Testing Laboratories:~;N~~g!!.cg:9J!2Z?') proposed establishing a few central seed healthtesting laboratories well equipped with required facilities andtrained personnel. These may be coordinated with regional genebanks or international c~ntres, but should be independent of theorganisation for whom they are working. Such an arrangementwould lower pest risk to a considerable extent and avoidduplication of efforts, thus reducing the costs of processing. Plantquarantine services of different countries will have faith in suchlaboratories and will accept their certification.3. Third Country/Intermediate Quarantine: Under this 'conceptthe material could be grown, tested/indexed for hazardous pestsand pathogens in a temperate country without much risk becauseeither the possible hosts of such pests are not present there or theenvironment is unfavourable for their establishment. Severalstations in France, USA, UK and Netherlands offer their facilitiesfor crops like cocao, rubber, banana, sugarcane, groundnut etc.4. Biogeographical Regions: The concept of biogeographicalregions proposed by: Ma!~ (19~~) is an example of regionalcooperation. The eight biogeographical regions proposed foreffective quarantine are separated by J;latural barriers like sea, highmountains and deserts, thus making pest/pathogen disseminationextremely difficult. Accordingly, all countries in each region musthave common quarantine regulations so that chances of entry of
Principles and Concepts of Plant Quarantine 45exotic pests are greatly minimised. Countries of the ASEAN regionhave come to an official level understanding and formulatedsimilar set of quarantine regulations to protect the region againstexotic pests.Finally, it would be quite appropriate in the present dayscenario to conclude with the following quotation from Hewitt andChiarappa (1977), "with to-day's knowledge, technology andscientific cooperation, there seems little excuse or reason for plant .germplasm to be transferred in anything but a healthy condition.There is no excuse, not even impatience for the boot-legging ofplant germFbsm through or around quarantine./IReferencesHewitt, W.B. and Chiarappa, L. (Eds.) (1977). Plant Health andQuarantine in international transfer of genetic resources. CRCPress, Cleveland, USA.Kahn, RP. (1977). Plant Quarantine: Principles, methodology andsuggested approaches, pp. 209-308. In: Plant Health andquarantine in international transfer of plant genetic resources(Eds., W.B. Hewitt & L. Chiarappa). CRC Press, Cleveland,USA.Mathys, G. (1975). Thoughts on quarantine problems. EPPO Bull.S : 55.Neergaard, P. (1977). Seed Pathology. Macmillan Press Ltd., London,UK, 1187 p.
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Page 11 and 12: Conservation of Plant Genetic Resou
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Promising Introductions and Priorit
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Priorities for Promising Introducti
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Priorities for Promising Plant Intr
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Promising introductions and Priorit
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IIGenebank Management System (GMS)
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Genebank Management System (GMS) so
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IINew Policy on Seed Development an
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New Policy on Seed Development and
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New Policy on $eed Development and
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IISymptoms of Fungal and Bacterial
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Symptoms of Fungal and Bacterial Di
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-Detection Procedures for Fungal Pl
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Detection Procedures for Fungal Pla
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Detection Procedures for Fungal Pla
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Detection of Bacterial Pathogens an
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Symptoms Cause,d by Plant VirusesD.
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Symptoms Caused by Plant Viruses 16
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Symptoms Caused by Plant Vinlses 16
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Techniques for Detection of Plant V
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IISymptoms of Insect Damage in Crop
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Symptoms of Insect Damage in Crops
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IIMethods for Detection of Insects
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Methods for Detection of Insects an
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Plant Quarantine Treatments for Sal
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Plant Quarnatine Treatments jor Sal
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Plant Quarnatine Treatments for Sal
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Symptoms of Nematode Damage 203adve
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Symptoms of Nematode Damage 205Abno
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Symptoms of Nematode Damage 207, co
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Detection Techniques for Plant Para
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Detection Techniques jar. Plant Par
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Treatment Schedules for Eradication
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Treatment Schedules jar Eradication
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Plant Genetic Resources activities
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IIIntellectual Property Rights: Pro
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Intellectual J:roperty Rights,' Pro
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Intellectual Property Rights : Prot
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Intellectual Property Rights : Prot
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The Indian National Gene Bank 243sp
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The Indian National Gene Bank 245In
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The Indian National Gene Bank' 247c
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LIST OF PARTICIPANTS OF TRAINING CO
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