BP Singh

More documents

Recommendations

Info

$WI LD R LATI\IES CROP PLANTS IN INDIA$

$~\\~SAnfF~~~ ,$

206 V.K. Mathur and Nandini GokteDevitalised root tips : These symptoms are caused due topenetration of nematodes just behind root tip resulting in ceasationof root tip growth. Stubby root caused by Trichodorus sp. and insome plants by Pratylenchus spp. is characterised by numerousshort stubby roots arranged in cluster. Coarse root is caused byMeloidogyne sp. and Belonolaimwt sp. Abrupt halt in growth oflateral roots results in appearance of main root devoid of smallrootlets. Feeding by species as Xiphinema and Meloidogyne near theroot tip results in unequal growth rate on two sides of a root givinga curl to tip area referred to as curly tip.Pearly root: Small pearly creamy white ,pin head sized, sphericalbodies attached to roots may be females of cyst forming genera asHeterodera spp. and Globodera spp. These can be seen with nakedeye or with a hand lens after gently washing the root system toremove the adhering soil and debris.Rots: Nematode infection in many cases incite and aggravateactivity of other microorganisms. Many secondary microbes alsoenter through wounds created by nematode resulting ultimatelyin rotting of tissues. Yam nematode Scutellonema bradys and dryrot nematode Ditylenchus destructor offer classic examples of thistype of nematode damage. Infestation of potato by D. destructor isfirst characterized by small discoloured superficial spots followedby drying and cracking of skin. Microorganisms enter throughcracks and ultimately cause rotting.Disease complexes: Another facet of symptomatology of nematodeinfection is interaction of nematodes with other microorganisms indisease complexes. Yellow ear rot of wheat is one such typicalexample and is caused by interaction between nematode A. triticiand bacterium Corynebacterium michiganense pv. tritici. The diseaseis recognised by appearance of yellowish slimy bacterial mass onear head and curling of leaves. Similarly cauliflower disease ofstrawberry is caused by involvement of both nematode A. fragariaeand bacterium Corynebacterium fascians. Symptoms produced indisease complexes are usually at variance with those produced bythe component organisms occurring singly.ConclusionsCollection/ exchange of germplasm and quarantine activitiesare equally necessary to strengthen and develop agriculture of the
Symptoms of Nematode Damage 207, country. Plant breeders and explorers can contribute towardsprevention of introduction and spread of pests and pathogensincluding nematodes by following guidelines such as 1) plantmaterial showing one or more symptoms should not be collectedor exchanged, 2) plant propagules should be free of soil as soilserves as vehicle of dissemination of plant parasitic nematodes, 3)all the seed/plant material imported from abroad should berouted through plant quarantine channels, and finally 4) domesticplant quarantine regulations be not contravened.ReferencesDropkin, V.H.(1980). Introduction to Plant Nematologtj. John Wiley& Sons, 293 pp.Swarup, G., Dasgupta, D.R. and Koshy, P.K. (Eds.) (1989). PlantDiseases. Anmol Publications, 395pp.
Page 2 and 3:
This publication has been brought o
Page 4 and 5:
Page14. Genebank Management System
Page 7 and 8:
CONTRIBUTORS(Number in parentheses
Page 9 and 10:
IIConservation of Plant Genetic Res
Page 11 and 12:
Conservation of Plant Genetic Resou
Page 13 and 14:
Page 15 and 16:
Page 17 and 18:
Page 19 and 20:
Page 21 and 22:
Page 23 and 24:
Page 25 and 26:
Page 27 and 28:
Centres of Origin and Diversity of
Page 29 and 30:
Page 31 and 32:
Page 33 and 34:
Page 35 and 36:
Page 37 and 38:
Page 39 and 40:
Need For Exchange of Plant Genetic
Page 41 and 42:
Need For Exchange of Plant Genetic
Page 43 and 44:
Principles of Plant Introduction an
Page 45 and 46:
Principles of Plant Introduction an
Page 47 and 48:
Principles and Concepts of Plant Qu
Page 49 and 50:
Page 51 and 52:
Page 53 and 54:
Plant Quarnatine Regulations and th
Page 55 and 56:
Page 57 and 58:
Page 59 and 60:
Page 61 and 62:
Medium and Long-term Storage of See
Page 63 and 64:
Page 65 and 66:
Page 67 and 68:
IIPromising Introductions and Prior
Page 69 and 70:
Promising Introductions and Priorti
Page 71 and 72:
Promising Introductions and Priorti
Page 73 and 74:
Use of Tissue Culture Techniques in
Page 75 and 76:
LIse of Tissue Culture Techniques i
Page 77 and 78:
Page 79 and 80:
Page 81 and 82:
Promising Introductions in Horticul
Page 83 and 84:
Page 85 and 86:
Page 87 and 88:
Page 89 and 90:
Page 91 and 92:
Page 93 and 94:
Promising Introductions and Priorit
Page 95 and 96:
Page 97 and 98:
Page 99 and 100:
Page 101 and 102:
Page 103 and 104:
Page 105 and 106:
Priorities for Promising Introducti
Page 107 and 108:
Priorities for Promising Plant Intr
Page 109 and 110:
Page 111 and 112:
Page 113 and 114:
Page 115 and 116:
Page 117 and 118:
Page 119 and 120:
Promising introductions and Priorit
Page 121 and 122:
IIGenebank Management System (GMS)
Page 123 and 124:
Genebank Management System (GMS) so
Page 125 and 126:
IINew Policy on Seed Development an
Page 127 and 128:
New Policy on Seed Development and
Page 129 and 130:
Page 131 and 132:
Page 133 and 134:
Page 135 and 136:
Page 137 and 138:
New Policy on $eed Development and
Page 139 and 140:
Page 141 and 142:
IISymptoms of Fungal and Bacterial
Page 143 and 144:
Symptoms of Fungal and Bacterial Di
Page 145 and 146:
Page 147 and 148:
Page 149 and 150:
-Detection Procedures for Fungal Pl
Page 151 and 152:
Detection Procedures for Fungal Pla
Page 153 and 154:
Detection Procedures for Fungal Pla
Page 155 and 156:
Detection of Bacterial Pathogens an
Page 157 and 158:
Page 159 and 160:
Page 161 and 162: Detection of Bacterial Pathogens an
Page 163 and 164: Detection of Bacterial Pathogens an
Page 165 and 166: Symptoms Cause,d by Plant VirusesD.
Page 167 and 168: Symptoms Caused by Plant Viruses 16
Page 169 and 170: Symptoms Caused by Plant Vinlses 16
Page 171 and 172: Techniques for Detection of Plant V
Page 177 and 178: IISymptoms of Insect Damage in Crop
Page 179 and 180: Symptoms of Insect Damage in Crops
Page 189 and 190: IIMethods for Detection of Insects
Page 191 and 192: Methods for Detection of Insects an
Page 199 and 200: Plant Quarantine Treatments for Sal
Page 201 and 202: Plant Quarnatine Treatments jor Sal
Page 203 and 204: Plant Quarnatine Treatments for Sal
Page 209 and 210: Symptoms of Nematode Damage 203adve
Page 211: Symptoms of Nematode Damage 205Abno
Page 215 and 216: Detection Techniques for Plant Para
Page 217 and 218: Detection Techniques jar. Plant Par
Page 223 and 224: Treatment Schedules for Eradication
Page 233 and 234: Treatment Schedules jar Eradication
Page 235 and 236: Plant Genetic Resources activities
Page 241 and 242: IIIntellectual Property Rights: Pro
Page 243 and 244: Intellectual J:roperty Rights,' Pro
Page 245 and 246: Intellectual Property Rights : Prot
Page 247 and 248: Intellectual Property Rights : Prot
Page 249 and 250: The Indian National Gene Bank 243sp
Page 251 and 252: The Indian National Gene Bank 245In
Page 253 and 254: The Indian National Gene Bank' 247c
Page 255 and 256: LIST OF PARTICIPANTS OF TRAINING CO
show all

BP Singh

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?