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$WI LD R LATI\IES CROP PLANTS IN INDIA$

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IIPromising Introductions and Prioritize Needs forExotic Germplasm of Grain Legumes, Fibre Cropsand Under Utilized Crop PlantsR.V. <strong>Singh</strong>IntroductionExchange of economic pl~.nts is' a prerequisite for embarkingon any crop improvement programme and also for introducingnew crops from one part of the world to another part. Coffee, anative of south east Africa reached India through Saudi Arabia,Solanum tuberosum, Nicotiana tabacum an~ Lycopersicon esculentumall native to South America were introduced in India during early10th century and Trifolium alexandrium used as a green legumefodder in India was introduced in the early years of this centuryfrom Egypt. More recently, new crops like soybean (Glycine max)rich in protein and oil, introduced from USA; sunflower (Helianthusannuus) rich in oil introduced from USSR and USA; jojoba(Simmondsia chinensis) from USA, Chinese gooseberry (Actinidiachinensis) from New Zealand and many others. Therefore, lookingat the importance of exotic introductions, a brief account of recentpromising introductions of different legumes, fibre and underutilized crops with their futUre needs and priorities is presentedin this paper for information and further utilization in the country.Grain LegumesThe grain legum~s constitute a group of major crops such aschickpea, pigeonpea, cowpea, black gram, green gram, lentil,soybean, french bean, horse g!am, faba bean, and others like rice
Promising Introductions and Prioritize Needs for Exotic Germplasm 87bean, mucuna, and adzuki bean. These occupy an important placein the di~tary systems of Indian people meeting the proteinrequirements of the predominantly vegetarian population. Someof the pulses serve as excellent forage and grain concentrates tofeed the large cattle population and some of them are excellentgreen manure crops adding much needed humus and major plantnutrients to the soil.In order to augment the germplasm of grain legumes geneticresources, a fairly good number of introductions were made fromexotic sources by Germplasm Exchange Division of N<strong>BP</strong>GR, NewDelhi.Promising introductions'Chickpea : Germplasm collections with desirable attributes, viz.,bold seeded (Ee 267486-501), leaf minor resistant (EC 267425-436),Ascochyta blight resistant (EC 267483-487, BC 367319-320) and coldtolerant (EC 267559-522), J:righ yielding, and disease resistant (EC286030-033) all from ICARDA (Syria); improved cultivars fromUSSR, basal branching kabuli type (EC 223125, EC 223513), earlymaturing (EC 280187, 280226, 280227 and 280228); Cicer speciescollections, viz., C. canariensis, C. yamashitae and C. echinospermumpossessing source of resistance/tolerance to biotic and abioticstresses.Pigeonpea: Very early type collections/cultivars from Australia(BC 158219-158248), Ethiopia (EC 244842-244871), Kenya (EC21~614-215643) particularly Que~t (EC 284065 ex Australia),profusely branched, bold seeded types (EC 16855, 168489), bean flyand bruchid resistant lines (BC 245976-77) from A VRDC (Taiwan);YMV and leaf crinkle resistant line (EC 27268) and wild relatedspecies, viz., C. einarens and C. karstingi. .Mungbean: Germplasm collections possessing resistance toCercospora leaf spot, mungbean mottle virus, powdery mildew, podwithering, drought and lodging with early maturity, large yellow, seeded and photoperiod insensitive (EC 232498-512 ex Canada);bruchid resistant (EC 245970-80 ex Taiwan); early maturing,resistant to lodging and powdery mildew (EC WOO, EC 182498 exTaiwan); widely adaptable, photoperiod insensitive and resistantto TMV (VZ 984, EC 19817i ex Taiwan); the cultivars BC 35537 andEC 33883 have performed well at Jodhp.1;1;r. Accessions introduced-_ ': j
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Page14. Genebank Management System
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CONTRIBUTORS(Number in parentheses
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IIConservation of Plant Genetic Res
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Conservation of Plant Genetic Resou
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Centres of Origin and Diversity of
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Need For Exchange of Plant Genetic
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Symptoms of Fungal and Bacterial Di
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-Detection Procedures for Fungal Pl
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Detection Procedures for Fungal Pla
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Detection Procedures for Fungal Pla
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Detection of Bacterial Pathogens an
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Symptoms Cause,d by Plant VirusesD.
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Symptoms Caused by Plant Viruses 16
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Symptoms Caused by Plant Vinlses 16
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Techniques for Detection of Plant V
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IISymptoms of Insect Damage in Crop
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Symptoms of Insect Damage in Crops
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IIMethods for Detection of Insects
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Methods for Detection of Insects an
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Plant Quarantine Treatments for Sal
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Plant Quarnatine Treatments jor Sal
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Plant Quarnatine Treatments for Sal
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Symptoms of Nematode Damage 203adve
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Symptoms of Nematode Damage 205Abno
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Symptoms of Nematode Damage 207, co
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Detection Techniques for Plant Para
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Detection Techniques jar. Plant Par
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Treatment Schedules for Eradication
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Treatment Schedules jar Eradication
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Plant Genetic Resources activities
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IIIntellectual Property Rights: Pro
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Intellectual J:roperty Rights,' Pro
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Intellectual Property Rights : Prot
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Intellectual Property Rights : Prot
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The Indian National Gene Bank 243sp
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The Indian National Gene Bank 245In
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The Indian National Gene Bank' 247c
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LIST OF PARTICIPANTS OF TRAINING CO
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BP Singh

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