View - ResearchGate

146 Socially Intelligent Agentsmitments, goals, concerns or values that comprise its ego-identity. This modelsconcerns for self and social esteem, social roles, moral values, concern forother people and their well-being and ego-ideals. In IPD, the knowledge modeledby the agent’s ego identity comprises a key element of how it interactswith other characters and its response to events. For example, it is Carmen’sconcern for her son’s well-being that induces sadness. And it is her ideal ofbeing a good mother, and desire to be perceived as one (social esteem), thatleads to anxiety about discussing Diana’s tantrums with Gina.The emotional appraisal module works with the dialog module to createthe rich social interactions necessary for dramas like Carmen’s Bright IDEAS.Dialog socially obligates the listening agent to respond and may impact theiremotional state, based on their emotional appraisal. The IPD dialog modulecurrently models several dialog moves; Suggest (e.g., an approach to a problem),Ask/Prompt (e.g., for an answer), Re-Ask/Re-Prompt, Answer, Reassure(e.g., to impact listener’s emotional state), Agree/Sympathize (convey sympathy),Praise, Offer-Answer (without being asked), Clarify (elaborate) and Resign(give-up). The agent chooses between these moves depending on dialogstate as well as the listener’s emotional state. In addition, an intent to conveyemotional state, perhaps distinct from the agent’s appraisal-based emotionalstate, is derived from these moves.3.1 Interactions from 3 PerspectivesTo exemplify how the agents socially interact, it is useful to view it frommultiple perspectives. From Gina’s perspective, the social interaction is centeredaround a persistent goal to motivate Carmen to apply the steps of theIDEAS approach to her problems. This goal is part of the knowledge stored inGina’s problem solving module (and is also part of her ego identity). Dialog isGina’s main tool in this struggle and she employs a variety of dialog strategiesand individual dialog moves to motivate Carmen. An example of a strategyis that she may ask Carmen a series of questions about her problems that willhelp Carmen identify the causes of the problems. At a finer-grain, a varietyof dialog moves may be used to realize the steps of this strategy. Gina mayreassure Carmen that this will help her, prompt her for information or praiseher. Gina selects between these moves based on the dialog state and Carmen’semotional state. The tactics work because Gina’s dialog (the annotations) willimpact Carmen emotionally and via obligations.Carmen has a different perspective on the interaction. Carmen is far moreinvolved emotionally. The dialog with Gina is a potential source of distress,due to the knowledge encoded in her emotional appraisal module. For example,her ego involvement models concern for her children, desire to be viewedas a good mother as well as inference rules such as “good mothers can con-