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Understanding Social Intelligence 232. Folk-Theories: ’Naive’ Theories about IntelligenceThere is reason to believe that people employ the same or similar psychologicaland social strategies when making sense of artificially produced intelligentbehaviour as with real world intelligence (e.g., humans and animals). Theremight be some minor variations in reception dependent on media (computer,theatre, film or in everyday situations), or if the intelligence is thought to befictive/simulated or real/documentary - but the major bulk of employed psychosocialskills will overlap (in the case of cinema characters, see [25]). Wewill call such skills folk-theories, since they are knowledge and hypothesesabout the world, albeit of a ’naive’ and common-sense nature. People and culturesemploy such naive theories in many areas of everyday life, e.g., physics,nature, psychology, energy, morality, causality, time and space [12]; [9]. Forour purposes, we will deal only with folk-theories about intelligent behaviour,interpersonal situations, and social reality.Although people have idiosyncratic expectations about intelligent behaviour,for instance specific knowledge about the personality and habits of a close friend,folk-theories constitute the collectively shared knowledge in a social, culturalor universal group of people. Folk-theories constitute users’ expectations aboutintelligent behaviour. In order for the system to appear intelligent, it must meetthose expectations, at least on some level.Elsewhere we have described these folk-theories in detail and given examplesof SIA systems that seek to accommodate these [26]. Here space allows only abrief overview.2.1 Examples of Folk-TheoriesIf intelligence is embodied in some form, then people have expectations aboutvisual appearance and physical behaviour. People have visual expectations ofbodies’ configuration, arrangement and movement patterns, both in humansand other forms of intelligent life [10]. People expect gestures and non-verbalbehaviour to be synchronized and appropriate to the situation in which theyoccur [24] [6]. Behaviour related to gazing and personal space is also expectedto take place according to certain norms and conventions [7].Surface behaviour of this kind, however, is never understood on its own.Users will always try to make sense of such behaviour in more abstract terms.Primitive psychology is a folk-theory about how basic needs such as hunger,thirst, sexual drives, and pain work, and the different ways in which they arerelated (e.g., hunger or thirst will disappear if satisfied, and that satisfactionwill fade over time until hunger or thirst reoccur). Folk-psychology constitutesa common sense model about how people understand the interrelationshipsbetween different sorts of mental states in other people (and in themselves),and how these can be employed as common-sense explanations for external