Joint Doctrine for Amphibious Operations - Historic Naval Ships ...

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Approach to Planning and Primary DecisionsPRIMARY DECISIONS RESPONSIBILITIES MATRIXPRIMARY DECISION1. Determine Amphibious ForceMission(s)2. Select Amphibious ForceObjective(s)May be contained inthe order initiatingthe amphibiousoperationDecisionDecisionmade notlater thanstepX MUTUAL 1XMUTUAL13. Determine Courses of Actionfor DevelopmentXMUTUAL24. Select Course of ActionMUTUAL45. Select Landing AreasMUTUAL46. Select Landing BeachesMUTUAL47. Determine Sea Echelon PlanCATF48. Select Landing ForceObjectivesCLF49. Select Landing Zones andDrops ZonesCLF410. Select Date and Hour ofLandingCATF Commander, Amphibious Task ForceXMUTUALCLF Commander, Landing Force4Figure IV-2. Primary Decisions Responsibilities Matrixprocess, amphibious force planners mustfurther develop COAs based on the guidancefrom the amphibious force commanders.Normally, the LF planners will provide an LFCOA for the ATF planners to build asupporting COA. At a minimum, COAsinclude the general area for a landing (whichmay already be specified by higherheadquarters), designation of the main effort,the scheme of maneuver, and the taskorganization. The selected COAs will bewargamed and compared based on criteriaestablished by the commanders. The selectionof amphibious force COAs is a mutualdecision.c. No later than during “COAComparison and Decision,” the fourth stepof the amphibious planning process, thefollowing decisions must be made.• Select Course of Action. At this point aCOA is selected and the CONOPS(including fire support planningguidance) is prepared. The CONOPS isusually a written and graphicrepresentation, in broad outline, of theintent of both of the commanders withrespect to their portion of the operation.It gives an overall picture of theoperation, including the transit, formationfor landing, and the scheme of maneuverfor accomplishing the amphibious forceobjectives. Both commanders preparemutually supporting CONOPS.• Select Landing Areas. The landingarea is that part of the operational areawithin which the landing operations ofan amphibious force are conducted. Itincludes the beach, the approaches toIV-5
Chapter IVthe beach, the transport areas, the firesupport areas, the airspace occupied byclose supporting aircraft, and the landincluded in the advance inland toaccomplish the initial objectives. Theselection of the landing area is a mutualdecision (see Figure IV-3).• Select Landing Beaches. A landingbeach is that portion of a shorelineusually required for the landing of abattalion landing team. However, itmay also be that portion of a shorelineconstituting a tactical locality (such asthe shore of a bay) over which a forcemay be landed. Landing beaches areselected from within the selected landingareas. Principal factors in the selectionof landing beaches (in addition to thosepreviously described for selection oflanding areas) are as follows.•• Suitability for landing craft andAAVs.•• Offshore approaches and tidalconditions.•• Number, location, and suitability ofbeach support areas, beach exits, andnearby infrastructure. Landing beachesare designated by color, andsubdivisions are further designatedwith the addition of a number (GreenLANDING AREA SELECTIONNAVAL CONSIDERATIONSAbility to support the landingand subsequent operationsDegree of shelter from sea andweatherHydrography of beachapproaches, offshore, and nearshore areasExtent of mineable watersHostile ability to defeat minecountermeasuresPracticality of improvingunloading facilitiesHostile capabilities anddispositionPossibility of early seizure andrehabilitation of port facilitiesLANDING FORCECONSIDERATIONSSuitability of landing areaHostile capabilitiesCoastline configurationInland terrainCombat service supportrequirementsPossiblity of early seizure andrehabilitation of air facilitiesAbility to achieve and maintainlocal air superiority and performinterdiction and close air supportOwn forces locally based airwarfare capabilitiesCommand and control capabilitiesto include deconfliction abilityAIR CONSIDERATIONSAbility to support the landingand subsequent operationsHostile counterair capabilitiesand dispositionPossibility of early seizureand rehabilitation of facilitiesFigure IV-3. Landing Area SelectionIV-6JP 3-02
Page 1 and 2: Joint Publication 3-02Joint Doctrin
Page 3 and 4: PrefaceIntentionally BlankiiJP 3-02
Page 5 and 6: Table of Contents• Planning Direc
Page 7 and 8: Table of Contents• Intelligence E
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Page 11 and 12: Executive Summaryjoint environment.
Page 13 and 14: Executive SummaryIf organizing the
Page 15 and 16: Executive Summaryplanning aids, and
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Page 19 and 20: Chapter Iconcentrate forces and mak
Page 21 and 22: Chapter Ig. Some combat operations
Page 23 and 24: Chapter Ioperations and the vulnera
Page 25 and 26: Chapter Ib. Designation of required
Page 27 and 28: Chapter IIoperation and any develop
Page 29 and 30: Chapter II3122.01, Joint Operation
Page 31 and 32: Chapter IIdesignated in the order i
Page 33 and 34: Chapter II8. Amphibious Force TaskO
Page 35 and 36: Chapter IIupon termination of the a
Page 37 and 38: Chapter IIICOMMAND AND CONTROLOF JO
Page 39 and 40: Chapter IIIIII-4positive control me
Page 41 and 42: Chapter IIIMarine TADC or Marine TA
Page 43 and 44: Chapter IIICONCEPTUAL AMPHIBIOUS DE
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Page 47 and 48: Chapter IVcommanders to effectively
Page 49: Chapter IVidentifying strengths and
Page 53 and 54: Chapter IV6. Crosstalks and Confirm
Page 55 and 56: Chapter Vb. Detailed terrain and hy
Page 57 and 58: Chapter VV-4understanding of the en
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Page 61 and 62: Chapter VICOMMUNICATIONS SUPPORTREQ
Page 63 and 64: Chapter VI• Acquisition and assig
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Page 67 and 68: Chapter VIILand-based attack system
Page 69 and 70: Chapter VIICommanders determine how
Page 71 and 72: Chapter VIIb. Targeting. Targeting
Page 73 and 74: Chapter VIIVII-8to the senior joint
Page 75 and 76: Chapter VIId. Other Planning and Co
Page 77 and 78: Chapter VIIIThe CATF is normally re
Page 79 and 80: Chapter VIII• Character, size, an
Page 81 and 82: Chapter VIIILogistic planning is ac
Page 83 and 84: Chapter VIIICONTENTS OF THE HEALTHS
Page 85 and 86: Chapter VIIILANDING FORCE HEALTHSER
Page 87 and 88: Chapter VIIIBeach Group, and Marine
Page 89 and 90: Chapter VIIIb. Planning Considerati
Page 91 and 92: Chapter IXMinefields and obstacles
Page 93 and 94: Chapter IXIX-4nonlethal fires, from
Page 95 and 96: Chapter IXNUCLEAR, BIOLOGICAL, AND
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Page 99 and 100: Chapter Xto permit initiation of pr
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Chapter XI• Replenishment, repair
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Chapter XIIntentionally BlankXI-4JP
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Chapter XIIMateriel arriving from l
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Chapter XIIXII-4•• Aircraft req
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Chapter XII• Are clear of mines a
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Chapter XII• Landing Craft Air Cu
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Chapter XIIthe demonstration force
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Chapter XIIIa. Supporting maritime
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Chapter XIIIIntentionally BlankXIII
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Chapter XIVTHE INVASION OF NORMANDY
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Chapter XIVPLANNING SEQUENCELF sche
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Chapter XIVOTH operations should ac
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Chapter XIVand enemy situation allo
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Chapter XVmaneuverability. This org
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Chapter XVjustified only when such
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Chapter XVc. Execution. The amphibi
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Chapter XVAMPHIBIOUS OPERATIONS DUR
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Chapter XVb. General. Rehearsals ar
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Chapter XVXV-12TYPES OF MILITARYOPE
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Chapter XVIntentionally BlankXV-14J
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Appendix A21. JP 5-0, Doctrine for
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Appendix AIntentionally BlankA-4JP
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Appendix B5. Distributiona. Additio
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GlossaryDASCDCAD-dayDZEAEMCONEPWEWF
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GlossaryVLZVSWVTOLvertical landing
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Glossary(This term and its definiti
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Glossarymembers), resources, facili
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Glossarybefore, during, and after w
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Glossaryprotection to the task forc
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GlossaryIntentionally BlankGL-14JP
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