Melih AKINCI et alTuba-ovarian inguinal herniationHowever, it relapsed one month later and itwas treated with drainage and sclerotherapy. Shehad no complaints for a period of two years. Thenext presentation was again a left inguinal painlessswelling which was controlled with ultrasound thatrevealed 5x4x3cm fluid collection at the samelocation and this collection was diagnosed as thelymphocele relapse. The Radiology Departmentperformed the same treatment of percutaneousdrainage and sclerotherapy. The control pouchgraphy did not show any extravasations. The patientwas discharged two days after sclerotherapy withthe drainage catheter. The outpatient follow up ofcatheter drainage volumes were 40ml, 40ml, 30ml,40ml and 30ml for five days respectively so thecatheter was not pulled out because of drainageflow was over 20ml per day. The patient wasadmitted to our clinic with a new painful left sidedswelling of groin at the seventh day of lymphoceletreatment (Figure 2). The ultrasonographic controlrevealed 35x 20mm of inguinal herniation sac.Surgery was planned because of severe pain at thephysical examination and high drainage oflymphocele catheter. The area was explored, withpresumed diagnosis of inguinal herniation. Atexploration torsion of the ovary and fallopian tubeswere found in the hernia sac (Figure 3-5). The bothstructures were ischemic, necrotic and edematousso salpingoopherectomy was performed. Herniarepair was performed after lymphocele cavity hadbeen obliterated. Post surgical course wasuneventful and she was discharged at the secondpostoperative day. Pathological examination of thespecimen was reported as ischemic necrotic fibroadipose tissue and intraovarian hemorrhage withedema. Eight months after surgery her control wasnormal and she had no complaint.Figure 2: Left sided swelling of groin at the seventhday of lymphocele treatmentFigure 3: Left groin hernia sacFigure 1: Image of recurred inguinal lymphocele oncomputerized tomography74<strong>Marmara</strong> <strong>Medical</strong> <strong>Journal</strong> 2011; 24 (1):73-77
Melih AKINCI et alTuba-ovarian inguinal herniationFigure 4: The contents of the sac were ischemic,necrotic and edematousFigure 5: At exploration the ovary or fallopian tubewere in the hernia sacDISCUSSIONThe inguinal canal in the female normallygives passage to the round ligament of the uterus, avein, an artery from the uterus that forms a cruciateanastomosis with the labial arteries, andextraperitoneal fat 2 . The fetal ovary, like the testis, isan abdominal organ and possesses agubernaculum that extends from its lower poledownward and forward to a point corresponding tothe abdominal inguinal ring, through which itcontinues into the labia majora. Instead ofdescending, as does the testis, the ovary movesmedially, where it becomes adjacent to the uterus 2 .The development of indirect inguinal hernias issimply explained by prolapse of any intraabdominalorgan through the inguinal ring together with roundligament. Swelling of the inguinal region in a femalemay result from a number of conditions, includinginguinal hernia, tumor (lipoma, leiomyoma,sarcoma), cyst, abscess, lymphocele,lymphadenopathy, or a hydrocele 4 . In this reportsolid tumors and lymphadenopathy was excludedwith ultrasonograghy and abscess also excluded byclinic, history and cytological examination.Albeit very uncommon, a hydrocele of thecanal of Nuck has to be included in the differentialdiagnosis of a groin lump in female patients.Hydrocele is located in the canal of Nuck which isthe portion of the processus vaginalis within theinguinal canal in women. Indeed a hydrocele of thecanal of Nuck is equivalent to an encystedhydrocele of the cord in men. If the processusvaginalis does not close, it is referred to as a patentprocessus vaginalis. Its size will allow fluid orabdominal organs to pass so that the condition willlead to hydrocele or hernia respectively. Theliterature reveals very little about hydrocele in theadult female patient. Several pediatric cases havebeen reported in the literature and Wei et al.reported one case in an adult woman as in ourcase 5 . Hydrocele typically presents as a painless,translucent swelling in the inguinolabial region andthere is no nausea or vomiting that is similar to thiscase report. It is also important to know that ahydrocele can also occur with local inflammation ofthe sac and cause nausea, vomiting, pain and evenleukocytosis, making diagnosis more difficult 5 .However, the patient in this case reportwas adult and had a history of inguinal hernia repairwhen she was 34 years old. Although we do nothave information about what kind of hernia repairhad been performed, there was high probability ofobliteration of the patent processus vaginalis at theherniotomy that diagnosis of hydrocele in this adultpatient was not plausible. The treatment of thehydrocele of the canal of Nuck is complete surgicalresection. As there is a high association of inguinalhernias, dissection to the internal inguinal ring andligation of the neck of the processus vaginalisshould be performed 4 . Aspiration does not result incure because the recurrence is high and injectiontherapy has no place in the treatment 4,6 thataltogether same treatment modality was alsoperformed and was effective in this reported case.On the other hand ultrasonographicdescription of hydrocele is a comma-shaped lesionwith its tail directed toward the inguinal canal andcyst within a cyst appearance which the fluid-filledcanal collapsed during Valsalva’s maneuver whilethe cyst came closer to the abdominal cavity thatdiffers with the discussing case 7 .We also have to discuss about thepossibility of the late complications of the herniarepair. The female patient in this case report had aleft painless groin lump that had a history of inguinalhernia repair 12 years ago. Ultrasound revealed acystic structure. After percutaneous sclerotherapicdrainage, inguinal hernia recurred and the herniasac contained the torsion of the fallopian tube and75<strong>Marmara</strong> <strong>Medical</strong> <strong>Journal</strong> 2011; 24 (1):73-77