Програма на научната конференция - Министерство на ...

Общо 202 вида насекоми бяха събрани от различни части на България. От тяхбяха изолирани над 100 дрождеви щама. Молекулярният анализ показа, чеповече от дрождевите изолати принадлежат кьм родове Candida, Pichia,Metschnikowia, Debaryomyces, Cryptococcus, Trichosporon и Rhodotorula. Средтях са ферментиращи ксилоза видове Pichia stipitis и Сandida shehatae. Освентова ДНК-анализът показа, че пет нови вида дрожди са открити за пьрви пьт.BIODIVERSITY OF YEASTS IN SELECTED BULGARIANECOSYSTEMSD.E. Gouliamova 1 , M.M. Stoilova-Disheva 1 , R.A. Dimitrov 2 , B.V. Guéorguiev 31 Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 26 Acad. BonchevStreet, Sofia 1113, dilnorag@gmail.com, margid@microbio.bas.bg;2 Sofia University "St. Kliment Ohridski", 5 James Bourchier Blvd., Sofia 1164,roumen.dimitrov@gmail.com; 3 National Museum of Natural History,1 Tsar Osvoboditel Blvd., Sofia 1000, bobivg@yahoo.comGlobal environmental challenges cause rapid erosion of biological diversity inmany parts of the world. These changes heighten the urgency with which we mustdiscover, understand and protect biodiversity. Put simply, biodiversity is ‘life onearth’. At a fundamental level, all economies and all businesses depend, directly orindirectly, on biodiversity and its component resources. Yeasts have ecological,medical and biotechnological importance: they are primary drivers of the globalcarbon cycle and they belong to the most valuable microorganisms for industrialapplications. Recent studies have demonstrated that flowering plants and insectsecosystems harbour vast untapped diversity of yeasts. Bulgaria has a richbiodiversity pool. The rich biological diversity of Bulgaria is due to its substantialforest area. Pirin, Rila and Central Balkan National Parks are among the largestprotected areas in Europe. Bulgarian parks host 250 endemic flowering plants andnumerous species of insects. These plants and insects could be habitats for manyundiscovered yeasts. The biodiversity and ecology of yeasts in differentecosystems have attracted little systematic research in Bulgaria. The primaryobjective of our study is new yeast species discovery with biotechnologicallyimportant properties from these Bulgarian ecosystems. Totally, 202 species ofinsects were collected and screened for the presence of yeast symbionts. Over 100strains of yeast were isolated from insect guts. Molecular analysis showed that themajority of yeasts belong to the genera Candida, Pichia, Kluyveromyces,Metschnikowia, Debaryomyces, Cryptococcus, Trichosporon and Rhodotorula.Among them are xylose-fermenting yeasts Pichia stipitis and Candida shehatae.Furthermore, DNA analysis revealed that five yeast isolates represent unknownyeast species.47