White Spaces Innovation in Sweden - Innovation policy for ... - Vinnova

WHITE SPACES INNOVATION IN SWEDENkind of iterative process is especially important if innovation is expected to occur by(re)combination of concepts and assets from different sources or contexts, via path interdependenciesas referred to in chapter 4.Figure 5.5 Elements of orchestrationIssuesDesignActorsConstraintsMediatingVisioningOrchestrationFinancingConveningAssetsCapabilitiesInnovationThis leads to the link between issues and capacities. Seen from the issue-actors perspectivethe design process is about expression of (collective) intent which implies differenttypes of requirements in terms of capacities like knowledge, production or distributionto be “conditioned by” available capacities and capabilities. In the design phasethese impose constraints that have to be taken into account. Collaboration can be oneway to overcome constraints or in other words to improve and strengthen capabilities.Constraints are also very important from a governance or orchestration perspective inthat rules and regulations can be both drivers and barriers for innovation. Multi- levelgovernance can also be seen as being about defining, enforcing and overcoming ordismantling constraints. So, constraints operate as a link between issues and capacitieswhile capabilities act as a link between capacities and serving markets with products.Constraints can exist as available technological expertise, access to markets etc. In shorttherefore orchestration deals with design, interaction fields, constraints and capabilitiesto promote innovation that is not only technical but also social and organisational. Thisis necessary in a program that addresses Grand Challenges according to figure 5.5.In a study with a business strategy perspective on wicked problems John Camilluspresents four techniques to deal with themInvolve stakeholders, document opinions, and communicateDefine the corporate identityFocus on action (muddling through, learn from experiments)Adopt a “feed-forward” orientation, (envisioning, design thinking)Given what has been said about the non-reductionist approach the first step is to applydesign thinking to make grand challenges actionable while maintaining a sense ofthe big picture guiding the process of translation and negotiation that is at the core of106