White Spaces Innovation in Sweden - Innovation policy for ... - Vinnova

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WHITE SPACES INNOVATION IN SWEDENmies that became too dependent upon the single sector of financial services and especiallyfinancial securitisation have had catastrophic experiences, the repercussions ofwhich were still being felt years later in the revolutions occurring in North Africa.These and the earlier sovereign debt crises of Greece, Ireland and Iceland and severedownturns in economic activity in many OECD economies were testimony to the occlusionof the neoliberal experiment that lasted from the 1980s to the present day. Europe2020 has been the EU‟s response and appeal to make European Union member-stateeconomies more connected to real-world needs in terms of Sustainability, Energy,Healthcare and Demographic Ageing, the inputs for which demand domestic as well asreduced overseas sourcing that it is hoped will, nevertheless, enhance opportunities forEU businesses to penetrate new overseas markets in Cleantech, Renewable Energy,Sustainable Cities, Efficient Healthcare and various related Digital Applications. Thismeans, to repeat, exploring „white spaces‟ at home to innovate abroad.Östsam Regional Development Agency, ÖstergötlandIn the case of Östsam this means some reflection upon its central idea of market shapingand possibly taking bolder steps to assemble critical mass to engage in „strategic nichemanagement‟ of innovations in areas that hitherto have been largely left alone. Strategicinnovation implies more collective, even collaborative knowledge-sharing and innovationexploration than was the case in the earlier less-regulated regime characterised byglobal free trade and neoliberal „light-touch‟ regulation. A good example is the generallypoor efforts made by governments to secure strong voluntary regulation of ClimateChange influences in the shape of greenhouse gas emissions and associated globalwarming. In brief, more must be done at the lower, faster reaches of the multi-levelcomplex adaptive system scale to speed up the workings of the larger, slower upperreaches of complex system adaptation. One way in which Östsam conceives of this is toface up to its previously sceptical view of their role as cluster-builders and recognisethat, for example, it has a significant Cleantech cluster involved in manufacturing biofuels,biogas reactors and turbines (Siemens, Alstom turbines) and waste-for-power recycling.Linköping supports biogas buses, taxis and car pools with free parking. But becauseÖstsam focused on technology push largely based on academic excellence theGrand Challenges concept of evolving demand-driven innovation platforms was overlooked.This, and disappointing experiences with PEA and HMV technology push hascaused a partial re-think. Reliance largely on big firms to elaborate demand throughtheir value-chains or value-stars for university-initiated innovation has been difficult.Indeed the Triple Helix model itself has been put in question because two-thirds of thepartners can contribute so little on innovation.Accordingly, Östsam and its few clusters have to demonstrate resilience in the faceof such difficulties. As noted, PEA now faces medical and biotechnology as a marketmore than packaging, while HMV after many management turbulences has had to devoteattention to communicating a narrower vision focus in its mission to the market it66
WHITE SPACES INNOVATION IN SWEDENaims to shape. Many bridges have had to be built or re-built with transverse organisationsin smart e-health, biosensors, self-monitoring devices, alarm systems, memorysystems and even defence research and public institutions like ALMI, Innovationsbronalongside VinnVäxt clusters like Smart Textiles, Robotdalen and Halmstad LivingLab‟s main application field of health technology aimed at empowering elderly people.Outside the region and Sweden innovation contacts with Norway, Denmark and BSR„stars‟ are new cluster-to-cluster initiatives.Printed Electronics Arena (PEA)Printed Electronics Arena (PEA) is a VinnVäxt cluster working with a typical projectsinnovations-start-upsmodel prevalent in the 2000s. Taking the 2000 Chemistry Nobelprize-winningresearch of Alan Heeger, Alan MacDiarmid, and Hideki Shirakawa andadapting its findings on polymer conductivity to the packaging industry. Since 1988PEA has run with Acreo, Linköping and Norrköping Universities applications projectslike Project Paella also with packagers Stora Enso, SCA and Tetrapak on „Thin FilmElectronics‟ to try to introduce organic polymer inks to the logistics aspects of packaging,without success. The main success story in regard to this technology was the developmentby South Korean firm Samsung of Active Matrix Organic Light Emitting Diode(AMOLED) technology as the replacement for liquid crystal technology in the screen itsAndroid and 4G LTE smartphones. Over the years PEA sought to evolve a verticalvalue chain in organic printed electronics by aggregating five key nodes as shown inFig. 3.14. The first three steps in the chain were built but although PEA was successfulin building four or five start-ups to fill the system owners node, each one failed to graspthe opportunity. Without that, no larger firm like Ericsson would come in to completethe chain by its proprietary assignment of brand name status to the innovation. This wasthe proximate cause of the shift after thirty years of trying the linear model to the relatednessand transversality approach to cross-fertilising innovation horizontally betweenthe printed electronics and bioelectronics industries. As noted printed electronics communicatingwith living cells in administering treatments with pinpoint accuracy nowseems more promising.67
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VINNOVA develops Sweden’s innovat
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