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akademiskacademic quarter<strong>kvarter</strong>Volume 03. Fall 2011 • on the webDoes the Porn Star Blush?Performing the Real in Post-transgressive CinemaCharlie BlakeBeth Johnsonhas taught Critical and Cultural Theory, Philosophy, Film,Media, Visual Culture and Literature in a number of institutionsand was, until recently, head of the Department ofMedia, Film and Communications at Liverpool Hope University.He has recently co-edited a double edition of Angelakicalled ‘Shadows of Cruelty: Sadism, Masochism andthe Philosophical Muse,’ and a collection, Beyond Human:From Animality to Transhumanism for Continuum.is a lecturer in Film, Television and Visual Theory at KeeleUniversity, UK. She is the author of various journal publicationssuch as Angelaki and Screen and recent book chaptersinclude ‘Realism, Real Sex and the Experimental Film:Mediating New Erotics in Georges Bataille’s Story of theEye’ in Realism and the Audiovisual Media (Palgrave Press2009), and ‘Sex, Psychoanalysis and Sublimation in Dexter’in Investigating Dexter (I.B.Tauris: 2010)The power of the false is delicate, allowing itself to be recapturedby frogs and scorpions.... the elements of timerequire an extraordinary encounter with man in order toproduce something new. (Deleuze, 1989, p.147)At the heart of pornography is sexuality haunted by itsown disappearance. (Baudrillard, 1987, p. 40)In her seminal study of porn as genre, Hardcore: Power, Pleasure andthe Frenzy of the Visible, from 1989, Linda Williams opens her chapteron filmic perversion and obscenity with a brief and prepara-Volume03 194
akademiskacademic quarter<strong>kvarter</strong>Does the Porn Star Blush?Charlie BlakeBeth Johnsontory digression on Andre Bazin’s theory of realism, which may beunderstood as a substantiation of what Bazin called the ‘myth oftotal cinema.’ This ‘myth’ was based on a projected or intuited teloswhose effect was to create a cinematic apparatus backwardly generatinga progression towards ever greater verisimilitude to the real:the real, that is, as he put it somewhat mystically, of the world. As anumber of commentators had observed prior to Bazin, (and withimportant consequences for adjacent arts such as painting and theatre,let alone static photography), this was a ‘real’ – however amorphousits denotation - that from its origins in the 1890s the movingimage had promised in a way that no other expressive or representationalmedium in history had even begun to approach. Bazin wascertainly no ‘naive realist,’ though, and was perfectly aware of theartifice that cinema was simultaneously capable of and differentiatedaccordingly between filmmakers who emphasized the image itselfthrough its spatial and temporal connections and coordinates,such as the German expressionists or Soviet montagists, and thosewho rather emphasized ‘reality’ in its more immediately materialsense, by combining, say, a long take with a certain depth of field, soto mimic the contours and textures of a projected external reality.Such figures such as Orson Welles and the Italian neo-realists, forexample, exemplified this mimetic tendency for Bazin. Williamsalso notes here in passing an observation by the historian StephenMarcus who claimed somewhat provocatively but aptly that cinemawas what the genre of pornography “was waiting for all along”,since language in literary pornography had always been a “bothersomenecessity.” (Williams, 1999, p. 185)Marcus represents a general perception of and perspective on thescreening of sex which has tended to reappear in much of the criticalliterature on porn, whether positive or negative, from its earliestdays to more recent commentary on the vogue for supposedly authenticsexual depiction in film, a vogue which has since the 1990scolonized so much of the moving image both within and beyondthe genre as such. Necessarily, of course, such colonization has aprehistory, and it is a prehistory that has everything to do with thecoalescence of a certain and important vision of temporality withnotions of authenticity that began to appear in the 1970s. Tanya Krzywinska,for example, cites and discusses Joan Mellen’s commentson Last Tango in Paris, noting that it:Volume03 195
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