National Energy Policy - Final Draft - 14 Nov 2013

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13. Kenya Nuclear Electricity Board (KNEB)KNEB is charged with the mandate of spearheading and fast tracking development of nuclearelectricity generation in order to enhance the production of affordable and reliable electricity.14. Centre for Energy Efficiency and Conservation (CEEC)The Centre was established jointly by GoK and the Kenya Association of Manufacturers tochampion energy efficiency and conservation efforts in Kenya.15. Oil Marketing Companies (OMCs)OMCs are local and international companies licensed to undertake the importation, storage,wholesale, export and retail of petroleum products.16. Petroleum Institute of East Africa (PIEA)The Institute is a voluntary membership institution patronised by among others the major oilcompanies. It plays a key role in capacity building and awareness creation in the petroleumsub-sector.17. Oil Exploration and Production Companies (OIEPs)These are local and international companies licensed to undertake exploration and productionof petroleum products.18. Other key players in the energy sector include National Environmental Management Authority(NEMA), Kenya Railways Corporation (KR), Kenya Truckers Association (KTA), KenyaAssociation of Manufacturers (KAM), Kenya Maritime Authority (KMA) and Consumers.1.4.1 Challenges in the Institutional ArrangementsThese include governance issues, lack of a research institute, funding constraints andinadequate human resource capacity. Operational challenges including lack of synergy, overlapof mandates of the various institutions restrictive regulations such as procurement laws,inadequate investments framework for PPP’s, JVA’s etc. This leads to duplication of roles andsuboptimal utilisation of available resources.16 NATIONAL ENERGY POLICY FINAL DRAFT NOVEMBER 2013
2.0 – FOSSIL FUELS2.1 BACKGROUND1. Fossil fuels encompass petroleum (oil, oil shale and gas) and coal resources. As of June, 2012petroleum accounted for 22% of the total primary energy consumed in the country. Petroleum ismainly used in the transport, commercial and industrial sectors. Coal provided about 1% of theprimary energy consumed in the country mainly by cement manufacturers 1 .2. The petroleum industry is broadly divided into three categories namely: upstream (explorationand production), mid-stream (storage, refining and transportation) and down-stream (supply anddistribution).2.2 PETROLEUM (OIL)2.2.1 Petroleum Exploration1. Kenya has had no known commercial reserves of petroleum until January 2012 when TullowOil, spudded Ngamia I Well located at Lokichar in Turkana County. By November 2013, Tullowhad drilled four more exploration wells (Etuko, Twiga, Ekales and Paipai) three of which had oil.The API gravity of the oil was estimated at between 30 0 and 35 0 , indicating high quality oil.2. Further petroleum exploration is being undertaken both on-shore and off-shore in the country’sfour major Sedimentary Basins as shown in Table 2.1. Between 2012 and November 2013,three exploration wells (Mbawa, Kiboko and Kubwa) were drilled in the off-shore.Table: 2.1 Summary of the Basins and Wells DrilledBasin Area (km 2 ) Wells drilled Average Sediment thickness (m)Lamu 261,000 19 12,000Mandera 43,404 2 10,000Anza 81,319 11 10,000Tertiary Rift 105,673 7 4,0003. The Government has taken the initiative to spearhead primary technical data acquisition in theexploration blocks in order to make them attractive to oil exploration companies and byNovember 2013 there were a total of 39 exploratory wells, more than 80,000 km of twodimensional (2D) and 6,300 km 2 of three dimensional (3D) seismic data.4. As at November 2012, Kenya had a total of 46 exploration blocks, as shown in Figure 2.1below.1 Economic Survey, 201117 2.0 – FOSSIL FUELS
Page 1 and 2: NOVEMBER 2013 DRAFTREPUBLIC OF KENY
Page 3 and 4: 2.4.4.1 Challenges in Coal explorat
Page 5 and 6: 4.5.5 Policies and Strategies and I
Page 7 and 8: Table 10.1 Energy Generation Potent
Page 9 and 10: FOREWORD BY THE CABINET SECRETARY F
Page 11 and 12: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY1. This policy doc
Page 13 and 14: 14. To enhance exploitation of the
Page 15 and 16: 24. The Government shall establish
Page 17 and 18: 1.0 - INTRODUCTION1.1 THE ROLE OF E
Page 19 and 20: (k) Promote appropriate standards,
Page 21 and 22: (e) The Weights and Measures Act, C
Page 23: fund, mobilizing resources for rura
Page 27 and 28: immense value through acquisition o
Page 29 and 30: and averaging at more than US$110 p
Page 31 and 32: town of Mombasa, through Nairobi to
Page 33 and 34: 3. The prices in Kenya as published
Page 35 and 36: 6. It is hoped that the discovery o
Page 37 and 38: (c) High sulphur levels have advers
Page 39 and 40: Policies and StrategiesPetroleum Ex
Page 41 and 42: Policies and StrategiesPetroleum Su
Page 43 and 44: plants has several advantages over
Page 45 and 46: Natural GasShort Term2014-2017Mediu
Page 47 and 48: 3. The introduction of clean coal t
Page 49 and 50: 6. Lack of a special purpose vehicl
Page 51 and 52: Policies and StrategiesFossil Fuels
Page 53 and 54: 4. Geothermal power plants use stea
Page 55 and 56: about 1,450MW remains unexploited.
Page 57 and 58: 8. Ownership of physical dam reserv
Page 59 and 60: (d) Competing interests between dev
Page 61 and 62: 3.4.2 Challenges1. Unsustainable us
Page 63 and 64: 4. Land will need to be set aside f
Page 65 and 66: Limited in Kilifi County generates
Page 67 and 68: high temperatures estimated at 4-6
Page 69 and 70: Policies and StrategiesSolar Energy
Page 71 and 72: 3. Inadequate wind regime data.4. L
Page 73 and 74: through co-generation and bioethano
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(d) 1 sea wave energy projects with
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3.12.3 Policies and Strategies and
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4.0 - ELECTRICITY4.1 BACKGROUND1. E
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2. It is estimated that as at 2013,
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Figure 4.2 - Evolution of the Energ
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(e) Thermal power plants have a rel
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6. Nuclear fuel can be recycled and
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Policies and StrategiesNuclear Elec
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Table 4.5 - Planned Regional Inter-
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to this worsening situation leading
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4.5.5 Policies and Strategies and I
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Policies and StrategiesRural Electr
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Policies and StrategiesElectricity
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7. The energy policy and the Energy
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6.0 - LAND, ENVIRONMENT, HEALTH AND
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6.2.3 Renewable Energy1. Generally,
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causes indoor air pollution leading
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6.5 DISASTER PREPAREDNESS AND MITIG
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from the licensee.Policies and Stra
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Policies and StrategiesEnvironment,
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6.7.4.4 Nuclear ElectricityPolicies
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of the risk levels.Policies and Str
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6 It is a further requirement under
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Policies and StrategiesAccess to En
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Kenya.Policies and StrategiesEnergy
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15. Seek financing of clean energy
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Figure 8.1 - Pass-Through Costs in
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Table 8.1 - Energy Tariffs and Cost
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Policies and StrategiesEnergy Prici
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Policies and StrategiesCross Cuttin
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3. In 2009, ERC established a commi
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9.3.3 Policies and Strategies and I
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9.7 ENERGY RESOURCES BENEFITS SHARI
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10.0 - ANNEXURESAnnex 10.1 The PSC
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Table 10.3 Nuclear electricity gene
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Table 10.4 Summary of the Energy St
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County Population Area (km 2 ) Foss
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ACRONYMS AND GLOSSARY OF TERMS1. AC
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RD&DREAREPRMSSMRsSAPPToEVATWpResear
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Reticulation means the network used
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National Energy Policy - Final Draft - 14 Nov 2013

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