National Energy Policy - Final Draft - 14 Nov 2013

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SiteAverage Wind Speeds in m/sMay 2012 June 2012 June 2013 LTA5. Isiolo (Kiremu) - 10.45 10.56 8.236. Isiolo (Matabiti area) - 11.83 - 12.297. Bubisa West - - 13.58 10.928. Bubisa East - - 11.84 9.649. New Marsabit - - 10.09 9.4310. Maralal** - - 2.89 4.7811. Naromoru** - - 7.90 6.01Source: KenGen, 2013LTA means Long Term Average.* Being relocated to the shoreline.** Has just been installed.4. With the rising cost of oil, exploitation of wind energy has become more attractive. Substitutionof thermal generation with wind power plants will cut down on the large amounts of foreignexchange required to import fossil fuels for the thermal power plants.5. Further, partial substitution or combining wind with gen-sets (wind–diesel hybrid) and some formof renewable energy storage such as pumped storage in hydropower could cut down on runningor overall costs by substituting renewable energy sources for significant amounts of diesel.6. Using wind energy to substitute thermal generation will also lead to less CO2 emissions thuscontributing to reduction in global warming. The carbon credits associated with the reduction ofthe emissions can be sold as certificates of emission reduction.7. The installed wind energy capacity to the grid is 5.45MW as at June, 2012 and a further 20MWis expected to be commissioned by end of 2013. The 300MW Lake Turkana Wind powerproject is expected to be commissioned in 2017. Other committed projects include 110MW atKinangop and Ngong.8. As of 2012, proposals for development of 650MW have been received for wind energy capacityat Marsabit, Isiolo and Ngong.9. Local production and marketing of small wind generators has started and few pilot projects areunder consideration. However, only a few small and isolated wind generators are in operationso far.3.8.2 Challenges1. High upfront costs.2. Most potential areas for wind energy generation are far away from the grid and load centresrequiring high capital investment for transmission lines.62 NATIONAL ENERGY POLICY FINAL DRAFT NOVEMBER 2013
3. Inadequate wind regime data.4. Limited after sales service.5. Inadequate wind energy industry standards due to fast changing technologies and enhancedcapacities of turbines.6. Competing interest in land use with other commercial activities.7. Lack of RD&D in wind technologies.3.8.3 Policies and Strategies and Implementation Plan – Wind EnergyPolicies and StrategiesWind Energy1. Enhance the institutional capacity to promote wide spread use of windenergy while enforcing the existing regulations and standards.2. Designate an entity to promote, undertake data acquisition, accelerateexploitation of wind energy and provide a one stop shop for informationand guidance to investors in wind energy projects.3. Provide incentives to promote the local production and use of efficientwind systems.4. Promote the use of hybrid power generation systems involving wind andother energy sources.5. Provide a framework for connection of electricity generated from windenergy to national and isolated grids, through direct sale or net metering.Short Term2014-20176. Formulate and enforce minimum standards for wind energy technologies. 7. Plan transmission lines to facilitate evacuation of power from areas withhigh wind potential to major load centres.8. Undertake Research Development and Dissemination (RD&D) throughthe National Energy Institute.9. Enhance capacity building on wind technologies to provide supportservices.10. Provide fiscal incentives on wind energy equipment. 11. Collect and compile wind energy data and update the wind atlas. 12. Facilitate development of wind power generation of at least 500MW by2017 and 1,000 by 2022 and 3,000MW by 2030.3.9 MUNICIPAL WASTE3.9.1 BackgroundImplementationMedium Term2014-2022 Long Term2014-20301. Municipal waste consists of solid waste including durable and nondurable goods, containers,food scraps, yard waste and inorganic waste from homes, institutions and businesses, wastesgenerated by manufacturing, agriculture, mining and construction and demolition debris, as wellas sludge and liquid waste from water and wastewater treatment facilities, septic tanks,sewerage systems, slaughter houses.63 3.0 – RENEWABLE ENERGY
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NOVEMBER 2013 DRAFTREPUBLIC OF KENY
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2.4.4.1 Challenges in Coal explorat
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4.5.5 Policies and Strategies and I
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Table 10.1 Energy Generation Potent
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FOREWORD BY THE CABINET SECRETARY F
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY1. This policy doc
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14. To enhance exploitation of the
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24. The Government shall establish
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1.0 - INTRODUCTION1.1 THE ROLE OF E
Page 19 and 20: (k) Promote appropriate standards,
Page 21 and 22: (e) The Weights and Measures Act, C
Page 23 and 24: fund, mobilizing resources for rura
Page 25 and 26: 2.0 - FOSSIL FUELS2.1 BACKGROUND1.
Page 27 and 28: immense value through acquisition o
Page 29 and 30: and averaging at more than US$110 p
Page 31 and 32: town of Mombasa, through Nairobi to
Page 33 and 34: 3. The prices in Kenya as published
Page 35 and 36: 6. It is hoped that the discovery o
Page 37 and 38: (c) High sulphur levels have advers
Page 39 and 40: Policies and StrategiesPetroleum Ex
Page 41 and 42: Policies and StrategiesPetroleum Su
Page 43 and 44: plants has several advantages over
Page 45 and 46: Natural GasShort Term2014-2017Mediu
Page 47 and 48: 3. The introduction of clean coal t
Page 49 and 50: 6. Lack of a special purpose vehicl
Page 51 and 52: Policies and StrategiesFossil Fuels
Page 53 and 54: 4. Geothermal power plants use stea
Page 55 and 56: about 1,450MW remains unexploited.
Page 57 and 58: 8. Ownership of physical dam reserv
Page 59 and 60: (d) Competing interests between dev
Page 61 and 62: 3.4.2 Challenges1. Unsustainable us
Page 63 and 64: 4. Land will need to be set aside f
Page 65 and 66: Limited in Kilifi County generates
Page 67 and 68: high temperatures estimated at 4-6
Page 69: Policies and StrategiesSolar Energy
Page 73 and 74: through co-generation and bioethano
Page 75 and 76: (d) 1 sea wave energy projects with
Page 77 and 78: 3.12.3 Policies and Strategies and
Page 79 and 80: 4.0 - ELECTRICITY4.1 BACKGROUND1. E
Page 81 and 82: 2. It is estimated that as at 2013,
Page 83 and 84: Figure 4.2 - Evolution of the Energ
Page 85 and 86: (e) Thermal power plants have a rel
Page 87 and 88: 6. Nuclear fuel can be recycled and
Page 89 and 90: Policies and StrategiesNuclear Elec
Page 91 and 92: Table 4.5 - Planned Regional Inter-
Page 93 and 94: to this worsening situation leading
Page 95 and 96: 4.5.5 Policies and Strategies and I
Page 97 and 98: Policies and StrategiesRural Electr
Page 99 and 100: Policies and StrategiesElectricity
Page 101 and 102: 7. The energy policy and the Energy
Page 103 and 104: 6.0 - LAND, ENVIRONMENT, HEALTH AND
Page 105 and 106: 6.2.3 Renewable Energy1. Generally,
Page 107 and 108: causes indoor air pollution leading
Page 109 and 110: 6.5 DISASTER PREPAREDNESS AND MITIG
Page 111 and 112: from the licensee.Policies and Stra
Page 113 and 114: Policies and StrategiesEnvironment,
Page 115 and 116: 6.7.4.4 Nuclear ElectricityPolicies
Page 117 and 118: of the risk levels.Policies and Str
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Policies and StrategiesAccess to En
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Kenya.Policies and StrategiesEnergy
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15. Seek financing of clean energy
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Figure 8.1 - Pass-Through Costs in
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Table 8.1 - Energy Tariffs and Cost
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Policies and StrategiesEnergy Prici
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Policies and StrategiesCross Cuttin
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3. In 2009, ERC established a commi
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9.3.3 Policies and Strategies and I
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9.7 ENERGY RESOURCES BENEFITS SHARI
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10.0 - ANNEXURESAnnex 10.1 The PSC
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Table 10.3 Nuclear electricity gene
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Table 10.4 Summary of the Energy St
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County Population Area (km 2 ) Foss
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ACRONYMS AND GLOSSARY OF TERMS1. AC
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RD&DREAREPRMSSMRsSAPPToEVATWpResear
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Reticulation means the network used
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National Energy Policy - Final Draft - 14 Nov 2013

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