National Energy Policy - Final Draft - 14 Nov 2013

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Policies and StrategiesBiofuels8. Invest in research on the production chain and sustainability of biofuelsparticularly biodiesel.9. Harmonize the taxation regime in the region to discourage diversion ofethanol to export markets and illicit use.10. Facilitate farmers to access cheap farm inputs and high yielding fastmaturing bio-fuel feedstock.11. Undertake a comprehensive study on the viability of bio-fuels and mapout potential bio-fuels production feedstock across all counties.12. Provide fiscal incentives for bio-fuel production plant and equipment inso far as such entities are marketing the products solely for blending.13. Government to identify and set aside land in potential locations forpiloting of bio-fuel feedstock production.Short Term2014-201714. Review the feasibility of gasohol and biodiesel production. 15. Pilot a 10% ethanol-gasoline (E-10 Mandate) blend in Governmentvehicles and in public transport vehicles.16. Pilot 1% biodiesel blend in Government vehicles and in differentblending ratios for use as hybrid fuel at isolated power generation plants.17. Develop a blueprint and road map for national bio-fuel implementationprogramme.18. Use public barazas, Agricultural Society of Kenya (ASK) trade fairs,workshops seminars and energy centres to demonstrate anddisseminate information on the importance and viability of growing biofuelfeedstock among the public.19. The Government to enter into PPP arrangements with the private sectorentities to accelerate the development of bio-fuels.20. All gasoline vehicles in the country to be using at least 10% ethanolgasoline(E-10 Mandate) blend.21. Provide incentives to encourage all diesel vehicles in the country to useat least 5% biodiesel22. Government vehicles to use at least 5% biodiesel blend and all isolatedpower generation plants to use 100% biodiesel.Implementation PlanMedium Term2014-2022Long Term2014-20303.6 BIOGAS3.6.1 Background1. Large-scale biogas plants using waste from slaughter houses, agro-processing or municipalwaste present good opportunities for electricity generation. A number of pilot and smallcommercial biogas facilities for heat and electricity generation have been identified (Biopower56 NATIONAL ENERGY POLICY FINAL DRAFT NOVEMBER 2013
Limited in Kilifi County generates 150 kW from a mixture of sisal waste and cattle dung, whilebanana leaves have been used to generate 10 kW at Kamahuha in Muranga County). Anexample of a large biogas facility using industrial organic waste is the Agro-Chemical & FoodCompany’s bulk volume fermenter (BVf) at Muhoroni, generating 23,000 m 3 of gas per day fromthe distillery effluent. This biogas has been used to substitute fuel oil in running two mediumsizeboilers.2. Out of a crop of a cut flower 80% constitutes waste which acts as a source of biomass theremaining 20% is what is commercially marketable. Assuming the same biogas productionrates as the waste from gardens or parks, a daily power generation of roughly 200kWh/toncould be realised. Total power that could be generated from members of the Kenya FlowerCouncil is estimated at 87 GWh/yr, corresponding to an installed capacity of about 20MW(depending on usage and design load factor). The highest potential for energy generation fromcut flower waste is found in Nakuru County.3. In 2011 the Ministry of Energy initiated pilot projects for electricity generation from cut flowerwastes in Kiambu and Kajiado counties with a view to scaling up the generation of electricityfrom other biogas sources.4. It is estimated that the potential electricity generation capacity from the floriculture industry couldbe 20MW. Table 10.1 in 10.0 - Annexure indicates the energy generation potential in theKenyan floriculture industry by district (Source REA Master-plan 2009).5. It is estimated that the potential electricity generation capacity from the sisal industry could be10MW. Table 10.2 in 10.0 - Annexure indicates the energy generation potential in the Kenyansisal industry by company with large plantations (Source REA Master-plan 2009).6. The Government is involved in the “Biogas for Better Life” which offers business opportunitiesas well as improved livelihood and aims at providing 2 million households in Africa with biogasdigesters by 2020. A feasibility study carried out under this initiative established that it ispossible to construct 6,500 biogas digesters in Kenya every 5 years.7. Several biogas projects are being undertaken by MoE and REA in public institutions. Theprivate sector is also implementing a number of similar initiatives all over the country. Variousprisons including Embu GK prison and schools in the country currently utilize biogas for theircooking and lighting requirements.3.6.2 Challenges1. Lack of information on the benefits and potential of biogas technology.2. Lack of RD&D on biogas emerging technologies.3. High upfront costs of domestic and commercial biogas plant and equipment.4. Inadequate skilled installation contractors in the country.5. Lack of post installation operation and maintenance service for plant, equipment andappliances.57 3.0 – RENEWABLE ENERGY
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NOVEMBER 2013 DRAFTREPUBLIC OF KENY
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2.4.4.1 Challenges in Coal explorat
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4.5.5 Policies and Strategies and I
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Table 10.1 Energy Generation Potent
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FOREWORD BY THE CABINET SECRETARY F
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY1. This policy doc
Page 13 and 14: 14. To enhance exploitation of the
Page 15 and 16: 24. The Government shall establish
Page 17 and 18: 1.0 - INTRODUCTION1.1 THE ROLE OF E
Page 19 and 20: (k) Promote appropriate standards,
Page 21 and 22: (e) The Weights and Measures Act, C
Page 23 and 24: fund, mobilizing resources for rura
Page 25 and 26: 2.0 - FOSSIL FUELS2.1 BACKGROUND1.
Page 27 and 28: immense value through acquisition o
Page 29 and 30: and averaging at more than US$110 p
Page 31 and 32: town of Mombasa, through Nairobi to
Page 33 and 34: 3. The prices in Kenya as published
Page 35 and 36: 6. It is hoped that the discovery o
Page 37 and 38: (c) High sulphur levels have advers
Page 39 and 40: Policies and StrategiesPetroleum Ex
Page 41 and 42: Policies and StrategiesPetroleum Su
Page 43 and 44: plants has several advantages over
Page 45 and 46: Natural GasShort Term2014-2017Mediu
Page 47 and 48: 3. The introduction of clean coal t
Page 49 and 50: 6. Lack of a special purpose vehicl
Page 51 and 52: Policies and StrategiesFossil Fuels
Page 53 and 54: 4. Geothermal power plants use stea
Page 55 and 56: about 1,450MW remains unexploited.
Page 57 and 58: 8. Ownership of physical dam reserv
Page 59 and 60: (d) Competing interests between dev
Page 61 and 62: 3.4.2 Challenges1. Unsustainable us
Page 63: 4. Land will need to be set aside f
Page 67 and 68: high temperatures estimated at 4-6
Page 69 and 70: Policies and StrategiesSolar Energy
Page 71 and 72: 3. Inadequate wind regime data.4. L
Page 73 and 74: through co-generation and bioethano
Page 75 and 76: (d) 1 sea wave energy projects with
Page 77 and 78: 3.12.3 Policies and Strategies and
Page 79 and 80: 4.0 - ELECTRICITY4.1 BACKGROUND1. E
Page 81 and 82: 2. It is estimated that as at 2013,
Page 83 and 84: Figure 4.2 - Evolution of the Energ
Page 85 and 86: (e) Thermal power plants have a rel
Page 87 and 88: 6. Nuclear fuel can be recycled and
Page 89 and 90: Policies and StrategiesNuclear Elec
Page 91 and 92: Table 4.5 - Planned Regional Inter-
Page 93 and 94: to this worsening situation leading
Page 95 and 96: 4.5.5 Policies and Strategies and I
Page 97 and 98: Policies and StrategiesRural Electr
Page 99 and 100: Policies and StrategiesElectricity
Page 101 and 102: 7. The energy policy and the Energy
Page 103 and 104: 6.0 - LAND, ENVIRONMENT, HEALTH AND
Page 105 and 106: 6.2.3 Renewable Energy1. Generally,
Page 107 and 108: causes indoor air pollution leading
Page 109 and 110: 6.5 DISASTER PREPAREDNESS AND MITIG
Page 111 and 112: from the licensee.Policies and Stra
Page 113 and 114: Policies and StrategiesEnvironment,
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6.7.4.4 Nuclear ElectricityPolicies
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of the risk levels.Policies and Str
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6 It is a further requirement under
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Policies and StrategiesAccess to En
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Kenya.Policies and StrategiesEnergy
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15. Seek financing of clean energy
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Figure 8.1 - Pass-Through Costs in
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Table 8.1 - Energy Tariffs and Cost
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Policies and StrategiesEnergy Prici
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Policies and StrategiesCross Cuttin
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3. In 2009, ERC established a commi
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9.3.3 Policies and Strategies and I
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9.7 ENERGY RESOURCES BENEFITS SHARI
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10.0 - ANNEXURESAnnex 10.1 The PSC
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Table 10.3 Nuclear electricity gene
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Table 10.4 Summary of the Energy St
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County Population Area (km 2 ) Foss
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ACRONYMS AND GLOSSARY OF TERMS1. AC
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RD&DREAREPRMSSMRsSAPPToEVATWpResear
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Reticulation means the network used
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National Energy Policy - Final Draft - 14 Nov 2013

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