SynopsisSynopsis <strong>of</strong> <strong>Almira</strong>Act OneIn Castile’s capital city <strong>of</strong> Valladolid, <strong>Almira</strong>, orphaneddaughter <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> late king, has reached her majority at agetwenty. In <strong>the</strong> presence <strong>of</strong> Princesses Edilia and Bellante ando<strong>the</strong>r grandees <strong>of</strong> Spain, her guardian C<strong>on</strong>salvo crowns her<strong>the</strong> Queen <strong>of</strong> Castile. The new queen praises C<strong>on</strong>salvo’sloyalty, and names him as her First Counselor. She announces<strong>the</strong> appointment <strong>of</strong> his s<strong>on</strong>, Osman, as Commander <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>army, and names Fernando, a foreigner <strong>of</strong> obscure birth, asher Private Secretary. The three men thank <strong>Almira</strong>, and pledge<strong>the</strong>ir allegiance. After <strong>the</strong> cor<strong>on</strong>ati<strong>on</strong> cerem<strong>on</strong>y, C<strong>on</strong>salvo gives<strong>Almira</strong> her fa<strong>the</strong>r’s will, which orders his daughter to choose<strong>on</strong>e <strong>of</strong> C<strong>on</strong>salvo’s <strong>of</strong>fspring to be her husband. The Counseloris elated by <strong>the</strong> prospect <strong>of</strong> seeing <strong>on</strong>e <strong>of</strong> his s<strong>on</strong>s crownedKing <strong>of</strong> Castile, and Osman sees himself as a perfect suitor.<strong>Almira</strong>, secretly in love with Fernando, already feels <strong>the</strong> heavyweight <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> crown: she cannot hope to marry a foundling.Wandering happily in <strong>the</strong> fragrant palace gardens, PrincessEdilia daydreams about her love, Osman. He enters <strong>the</strong>garden, but when she makes herself known he tries to avoidher. Edilia is mortified by this change in her lover, and toappease her, Osman feigns warmth. But when she asks him tosolemnly pledge his love for her, he protests that <strong>the</strong> time isnot right. The Princess understands that he is planning to leaveher and promises revenge. After her departure, Osmandismisses her threats and reveals his ambiti<strong>on</strong> to be chosen by<strong>Almira</strong> as her husband in order to gain <strong>the</strong> crown.Fernando laments his unknown origins, which prevent himfrom pr<strong>of</strong>essing his love to <strong>the</strong> Queen. He starts to carve hisdeclarati<strong>on</strong> <strong>of</strong> love into <strong>the</strong> bark <strong>of</strong> a tree, which begins “I LoveEternally”. <strong>Almira</strong> interrupts as he is working <strong>on</strong> <strong>the</strong> thirdword and misinterprets <strong>the</strong> fragmentary declarati<strong>on</strong>, whichseems to spell <strong>the</strong> beginning <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> name “Edilia.” Devastated,<strong>the</strong> Queen demands that he leave her presence, cutting shorthis attempts to explain, and Fernando departs, c<strong>on</strong>fused byher reacti<strong>on</strong>. Elsewhere, Edilia seeks aid and counsel fromC<strong>on</strong>salvo about a certain knight who has broken his oath <strong>of</strong>fidelity to her. Unaware that she speaks <strong>of</strong> Osman, C<strong>on</strong>salvovows that this man must h<strong>on</strong>or his word. With his promisesafely in hand, Edilia reveals that <strong>the</strong> scoundrel is in fact hiss<strong>on</strong>, Osman, and C<strong>on</strong>salvo, though furious to see his family’sbest hope <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> thr<strong>on</strong>e vanish, has no choice but to give hissupport to Edilia. She is comforted, though troubled byOsman’s inc<strong>on</strong>stancy.The <strong>of</strong>ficers <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> palace and Fernando’s servant Tabarco,prepare <strong>the</strong> hall for <strong>the</strong> evening’s party. Fernando comes tocheck <strong>on</strong> <strong>the</strong> progress <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> arrangements, but when he seesOsman coming, he eavesdrops and overhears Osman’s planto aband<strong>on</strong> Edilia and to pursue <strong>Almira</strong>. Tired <strong>of</strong> Osman’sfickle behavior, Edilia decides she no l<strong>on</strong>ger wants to marryhim. All <strong>the</strong> c<strong>our</strong>tiers enter <strong>the</strong> hall and take <strong>the</strong>ir places at <strong>the</strong>card tables to play. To take revenge <strong>on</strong> Osman and make himjealous, Princess Edilia chooses Fernando as her partner, andwhen Osman asks Bellante to join his game, recruits <strong>the</strong> ladyfor her own table to spite him. Bellante is c<strong>on</strong>strained to accep<strong>the</strong>r invitati<strong>on</strong> over Osman’s due to Edilia’s higher rank, but isgreatly dismayed, as she secretly loves Osman. Every<strong>on</strong>e playscards until <strong>the</strong> tables are cleared and <strong>the</strong> ball begins. <strong>Almira</strong>arrives and becomes extremely jealous when she sees Fernandodancing with Edilia. The Queen dismisses Fernando, wholeaves in c<strong>on</strong>fusi<strong>on</strong>, and is so<strong>on</strong> followed by Edilia and Osman,both c<strong>on</strong>sumed with jealousy, an irritated Bellante, and byC<strong>on</strong>salvo, who is alarmed by <strong>the</strong> open c<strong>on</strong>flict within <strong>the</strong> c<strong>our</strong>tand what it could portend for Castile’s future. <strong>Almira</strong> isenraged by Fernando’s apparent preference for Edilia, andrealizes she is truly in love.Act TwoRaym<strong>on</strong>do, an ambassador from Mauretania, has landed inCastile to present <strong>the</strong> compliments <strong>of</strong> his king to <strong>Almira</strong>. Themysterious stranger intrigues <strong>the</strong> Queen and C<strong>on</strong>salvo, and<strong>the</strong>y suspect that he is more than a simple emissary. Bellante,left al<strong>on</strong>e, reflects about <strong>the</strong> uncertainty <strong>of</strong> Love. C<strong>on</strong>salvomakes overtures to her, but she rejects him, and Tabarcodeclares that <strong>the</strong>re is nothing more foolish than an old fool.Fernando closets himself in his room and begins to write aletter <strong>of</strong> explanati<strong>on</strong> to <strong>Almira</strong>. Osman insists <strong>on</strong> entering, andasks Fernando to speak to <strong>the</strong> Queen <strong>on</strong> his behalf and presenthim as a suitor. <strong>Almira</strong> comes in, and Osman hides to listen.The Queen discovers <strong>the</strong> incomplete letter <strong>on</strong> <strong>the</strong> desk, andmistakes it for a declarati<strong>on</strong> <strong>of</strong> love for Edilia. With Osmanlistening, Fernando cannot bring himself to reveal his feelingsfor <strong>the</strong> Queen, nor to support Osman’s suit. C<strong>on</strong>salvo burstsin and asks <strong>Almira</strong> to call for <strong>the</strong> wedding <strong>of</strong> Edilia. The Queenrefuses, thinking that C<strong>on</strong>salvo is about to name Fernandowhen he is actually intending to speak <strong>of</strong> Osman. After <strong>the</strong>y allleave, Osman comes out <strong>of</strong> his hiding place and rejoices aboutwhat he interprets as <strong>the</strong> Queen’s favor and his hopes for <strong>the</strong>crown. His fa<strong>the</strong>r adm<strong>on</strong>ishes him for his deceit andarrogance.Raym<strong>on</strong>do hopes to find favor with <strong>Almira</strong> and to be chosenas her c<strong>on</strong>sort. <strong>Almira</strong> has discovered his true identity: he is<strong>the</strong> King <strong>of</strong> Mauretania. Raym<strong>on</strong>do declares his suit for <strong>the</strong>Queen’s hand, but she disc<strong>our</strong>ages his pretensi<strong>on</strong>s and hewithdraws. Left al<strong>on</strong>e, <strong>Almira</strong> decides that she must c<strong>on</strong>fessher love to Fernando. The Queen hides herself when Osmanstorms in, looking to take revenge <strong>on</strong> Fernando, who <strong>the</strong>narrives. The two men prepare to duel. Fearing for <strong>the</strong> life <strong>of</strong> herbeloved, <strong>Almira</strong> snatches <strong>the</strong>ir swords from a bench and leavesHANDEL’S ALMIRA2013 BOSTON EARLY MUSIC FESTIVAL147
Synopsiswithout being recognized. Thwarted, Osman stalks <strong>of</strong>f in arage, but Fernando vows not to be intimidated.<strong>Almira</strong> returns to her room and leaves Osman’s andFernando’s swords <strong>on</strong> a table. C<strong>on</strong>salvo arrives, and <strong>the</strong> Queentells him that Raym<strong>on</strong>do is <strong>the</strong> King <strong>of</strong> Mauretania. She asksC<strong>on</strong>salvo to plan some appropriate festivities to entertain <strong>the</strong>royal guest. After <strong>the</strong>y leave, Edilia finds <strong>the</strong> two swords, andrecognizing Osman’s, believes that he is being intimate with<strong>the</strong> Queen. Osman comes in, and is surprised to find Ediliawith his sword. He decides that it must have been Edilia whotook <strong>the</strong> weap<strong>on</strong>s away before <strong>the</strong> duel in order to protectFernando. They quarrel, and Edilia curses Osman for hisfalseness and c<strong>on</strong>stant deceit.IntermezzoTabarco is carrying a bag filled with letters and packages to <strong>the</strong>c<strong>our</strong>t, when he falls and spills its heavy c<strong>on</strong>tents. He decides tosnoop while ga<strong>the</strong>ring <strong>the</strong> scattered letters, and also opens <strong>on</strong>e<strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> packages, in which he is delighted to find a provocativepetticoat.Act ThreeA C<strong>our</strong>t Ballet is performed in h<strong>on</strong>or <strong>of</strong> King Raym<strong>on</strong>do.Fernando takes <strong>the</strong> role <strong>of</strong> Europe, Osman represents Africa,and C<strong>on</strong>salvo plays Asia. <strong>Almira</strong> c<strong>on</strong>fers a prize up<strong>on</strong> Europe,and Raym<strong>on</strong>do takes this as a sign that she prefers Fernandoto him. Edilia and Bellante vote for Africa, Edilia to pleaseRaym<strong>on</strong>do and Bellante because she loves Osman. Themasquerade ends with Tabarco playing Folly and bringingjesters to entertain <strong>the</strong> c<strong>our</strong>t.After <strong>the</strong> pageant, Edilia gives in to tears. Her sadness iswitnessed by Raym<strong>on</strong>do, who is moved and attracted, andtries to comfort her. Bellante laments her failure to interestOsman. C<strong>on</strong>salvo tries <strong>on</strong>ce more to <strong>of</strong>fer her his love, andshe formally dismisses him. Rejected by Bellante, C<strong>on</strong>salvoencounters Fernando. C<strong>on</strong>vinced that Fernando is an obstacleto Edilia’s uni<strong>on</strong> with Osman, C<strong>on</strong>salvo arrests him. TheCounselor <strong>the</strong>n informs <strong>Almira</strong> that he has impris<strong>on</strong>edFernando because <strong>the</strong> Secretary is deeply in love with Edilia,which dem<strong>on</strong>strates his shameful lechery. <strong>Almira</strong> isheartbroken, infuriated, and jealous.Raym<strong>on</strong>do serenades his new love, Edilia, and she welcomeshis declarati<strong>on</strong>. <strong>Almira</strong> arrives, still torn with opposingemoti<strong>on</strong>s about Fernando. Osman tries to c<strong>our</strong>t <strong>the</strong> Queen,but she impatiently refuses him. Tabarco gives <strong>the</strong> Queen aletter from <strong>the</strong> impris<strong>on</strong>ed Fernando. The letter includes aheart <strong>of</strong> rubies bel<strong>on</strong>ging to <strong>the</strong> pris<strong>on</strong>er that is inscribed “IBELONG TO ALMIRA.” <strong>Almira</strong> is puzzled by <strong>the</strong> strangeheart, and decides to visit Fernando in jail. Having beenrejected by <strong>the</strong> Queen, Osman tries to seduce Edilia again.Raym<strong>on</strong>do reappears, and rescues Edilia from Osman’sunwanted advances.In chains, Fernando affirms his love for <strong>Almira</strong>, and hopes fora word <strong>of</strong> pard<strong>on</strong> from <strong>the</strong> Queen. Tabarco brings him <strong>the</strong>bad news that <strong>Almira</strong> will not forgive him. The Queen arrivesand hides herself, listening to Fernando, who reflects <strong>on</strong> hisobscure origins and dedicates himself to <strong>Almira</strong>. <strong>Almira</strong> isappeased and reveals herself. She <strong>of</strong>fers to pard<strong>on</strong> Fernando ifhe will marry Edilia. Fernando c<strong>on</strong>vinces her that she hasmistaken his intent, and that he <strong>on</strong>ly loves <strong>Almira</strong>. The twolovers finally declare <strong>the</strong>ir love to each o<strong>the</strong>r.Bellante expresses her frustrati<strong>on</strong> with Osman’s indifference.He overhears her, and is w<strong>on</strong> by her sincere passi<strong>on</strong>. The twoaffirm <strong>the</strong>ir love to each o<strong>the</strong>r. <strong>Almira</strong> explains to C<strong>on</strong>salvothat all c<strong>on</strong>fusi<strong>on</strong> has been cleared up, and that she andFernando are devoted to <strong>on</strong>e ano<strong>the</strong>r. C<strong>on</strong>salvo is stunnedwhen she shows him <strong>the</strong> heart <strong>of</strong> rubies that Fernando gaveher: <strong>the</strong> old Counselor tells every<strong>on</strong>e that this ruby heart,which he had <strong>on</strong>ce given to his late wife—also named<strong>Almira</strong>—had been hung around <strong>the</strong> neck <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>ir s<strong>on</strong> Floraldo,who was presumed drowned at sea al<strong>on</strong>g with his mo<strong>the</strong>r. Itis clear that Fernando is his lost s<strong>on</strong>, and <strong>Almira</strong> can fulfill herfa<strong>the</strong>r’s wish that she marry into C<strong>on</strong>salvo’s house by weddingher love, Fernando. All <strong>the</strong> lovers are happily paired <strong>of</strong>f:Raym<strong>on</strong>do obtains <strong>the</strong> hand <strong>of</strong> Edilia, and Bellante is to wedOsman. <strong>Almira</strong> will crown Fernando King <strong>of</strong> Castile. ■—Gilbert Blin and Ellen Hargis148YOUTH: Genius and Folly