BATTLEFIELD OF THE FUTURE

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BIOLOGICAL WEAPONS FORWAGING ECONOMIC WARFARE from Brazil to Malaysia, makes possible the unintentional entry of this fungus . Estimates by Malaysian Agricultural Department officials predict that should this fungus enter into its country's rubber trees, it would decimate the trees within two years . Fighting off this fungus is considered vital to sustain Malaysia's economic boom at its projected 7-8 percent growth rate .21 In the spring of 1993, an outbreak of hoof-and-mouth disease occurred in Italy . This contagious virus led to the destruction of 4,000 head of cattle . After authorities linked the source of this outbreak to a live cattle shipment from the former Yugoslavia, the European Community (EC) sparked a "cow war" when they banned bovine products from all 18 countries of Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union . Bovine meat exports from eight East Europe countries (Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland, Romania, and a portion of the former Soviet Union) totaled $103 million in 1991 . Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, and Bulgaria reacted by banning the EC's own meat exports . Eastern European officials say EC markets remain almost as closed to them in 1993 as to their former communist regimes .22 While the governments of Eastern European countries have large agricultural infrastructures with the potential for large exports, they lack money and do not conform to the EU's common agricultural policy . The cow wars restrict their access to agricultural markets and economic capital which could finance greater economic and political reforms . The reappearance of the screwworm along the Mexico-Texas border has worried US cattlemen . Its return resulted from importation of an infected herd from Central America in November 1992 . Infection of US cattle would result in "severe economic losses ." 23 This pest eats the flesh of cows, destroying their hides, and kills newborn calves . During the past four decades, over $400 million has been spent on US-Mexican screwworm eradication programs . A major concern created by lowering trade barriers during the North American Free Trade Agreement negotiations was how this treaty would facilitate the spread of agricultural pests like the screwworm . 259
BATTLEFIELD OF THE FUTURE IIlustrative Scenarios Thus, naturally occurring events where the agent, the susceptible host, and the environment converge can result in disease, economic loss, and national or international repercussions . No evidence indicates that any nation or group willfully caused the events cited . However, we may not be so lucky in the twenty-first century . It is all too possible to construct a scenario which would offer plausible denial and possible gain to a potential adversary . Scenario One : Corn Futures The US Department of Agriculture estimates that the 1994 corn harvest would plunge 31 .4 percent from record summer rains and flooding . It was expected the cost of a bushel of corn would soar to three dollars . The February 1994 price of corn, the nation's number one crop, was the highest in a decade .24 The resultant increase in cost increased operating expenses of companies "that handle[d] everything from corn-based ethanol fuel to livestock ." 25 "We are vulnerable in 1994 . . . right on the edge," said Keith Collins, acting assistant agriculture secretary for economics . The fall 1993 harvest was too small to supply both domestic processors and exporters . US stockpiles are expected to be at their lowest levels since the food scare of the mid-1970s . A slight acceleration in food inflation was expected in 1994 . Food inflation in 1994 was estimated at between 3 .3 percent and 3.5 percent, up from 2 .2 percent in 1993 and 1 .2 percent in 1992 . This is the first time in about four years whereas food prices exceeded the general inflation rate . 26 A corn crop short of the 8 .4-billion-bushel estimate would signal a 4 percent food inflation rate in 1995 . 27 Some additional disasters such as a drought or loss of corn to blight, "would do considerable economic damage to world food supplies ."28 A 7 .5-billion-bushel corn crop would push prices to four dollars a bushel . Such a surge would push inhibited exports and make hogs and cattle too expensive for many farmers to feed, eventually driving up meat prices . 29 260
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BATTLEFIELD OF THE FUTURE 21st Cent
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To Keegie (eSchneider) who so fully
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Battlefield of the Future 21st Cent
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Acknowledgments We, the editors, wi
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Introduction This is a book about s
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the outset of a conflict. This will
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Chapter 1 Principles of War for the
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PRINCIPLES OF WAR by the proliferat
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PRINCIPLES OF WAR should not be eng
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PRINCIPLES OF WAR Some would argue
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PRINCIPLES OF WAR designed to fight
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PRINCIPLES OF WAR presenting the en
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PRINCIPLES OF WAR Col John Warden,
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PRINCIPLES OF WAR allied forces in
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PRINCIPLES OF WAR The enemy WMD thr
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PRINCIPLES OF WAR military operatio
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PRINCIPLES OF WAR politically in Ir
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PRINCIPLES OF WAR Moreover, as Sadd
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PRINCIPLES OF WAR The Principle of
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PRINCIPLES OF WAR Until the NASTI r
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PRINCIPLES OF WAR S - Simultaneity
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PRINCIPLES OF WAR effective logisti
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PRINCIPLES OF WAR organizations, el
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PRINCIPLES OF WAR Notes 1 . Rogue s
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PRINCIPLES OF WAR attempted to fost
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Overview : New Era Warfare? A Revol
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NEW ERAWARFARE? Patriot, which was
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Chapter 2 New-Era Warfare Gen Charl
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NEW-ERA WARFARE many nations that a
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NEW-ERAWARFARE brilliant decision o
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NEW-ERAWARFARE The United States ca
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NEW-ERA WARFARE Terminal-phase Inte
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NEW-ERAWARFARE have to fight for th
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NEW-ERAWARFARE might retaliate with
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NEW-ERAWARFARE Our nuclear-weapons
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NEW-ERAWARFARE to our disadvantage,
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Chapter 3 The Revolution in Militar
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THE REVOLUTION IN MILITARY AFFAIRS
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Overview : Future Airpower and Stra
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FUTURE AIRPOWER AND STRATEGY ISSUES
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Chapter 4 Air Theory for the Twenty
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AIRTHEORY FORTHE TWENTY-FIRST CENTU
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AIRTHEORY FORTHETWENTY-FIRST CENTUR
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AIRTHEORY FOR THETWENTY-FIRST CENTU
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AIR THEORY FORTHE TWENTY-FIRST CENT
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AIR THEORY FOR THE TWENTY-FIRST CEN
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Chapter 5 Parallel War and Hyperwar
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PARALLEL WARAND HYPERWAR In this ta
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PARALLEL WAR AND HYPERWAR due to th
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PARALLEL WARAND HYPERWAR albeit som
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PARALLEL WARAND HYPERWAR are essent
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PARALLEL WARAND HYPERWAR The realit
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PARALLEL WARAND HYPERWAR Airpower-A
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PARALLEL WARAND HYPERWAR Defeating
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PARALLEL WARAND HYPERWAR " When att
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PARALLEL WARAND HYPERWAR SIOP, it i
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PARALLEL WAR AND HYPERWAR 11 . "Inf
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PARALLEL WARAND HYPERWAR mass in sp
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Overview : Information Warfare Issu
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INFORMATION WARFARE ISSUES per day;
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Chapter 6 Information War - Cyberwa
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INFORMATION WAR - CYBERWAR - NEIWAR
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INFORMATIONWAR - CYBERWAR - NETWAR
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INFORMATION WAR - CYBERWAR - NETWAR
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INFORMATIONWAR - CYBERWAR - NETWAR
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Chapter 7 Information Warfare : Imp
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INFORMATION WARFARE exploiting our
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INFORMATION WARFARE sufficient . He
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INFORMATION WARFARE now-whether the
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INFORMATION WARFARE it, convinced C
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INFORMATION WARFARE Jr.45 Conceived
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INFORMATIONWARFARE deception nets,
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INFORMATIONWARFARE The Joint Commun
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INFORMATION WARFARE but a limited n
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INFORMATIONWARFARE adversary . We h
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INFORMATIONWARFARE example, to stov
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INFORMATIONWARFARE Interestingly, o
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INFORMATION WARFARE avenue to emplo
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INFORMATION WARFARE 21 . Ibid ., 16
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INFORMATION WARFARE 68 . Petersen,
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Overview: Biological Warfare Issues
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BIOLOGICAL WARFARE ISSUES airliners
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Chapter 8 The Biological Weapon : A
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THEBIOLOGICAL WEAPON the terrorist
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Page 278 and 279: warfare, space war, precision warfa
Page 280 and 281: example, where the United States as
Page 282 and 283: 5,500 more . This group also had be
Page 284 and 285: About the Contributors James Blackw
Page 286 and 287: College . A retired US Navy command
Page 288 and 289: finishing a book on "Counterprolife
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BATTLEFIELD OF THE FUTURE

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