heraldryofyorkmi01custuoft

ROYAL HERALDRY. 371
Edmond Tudor, son of Owen Tudor by his marriage with Catherine
de Valois, widow of Henry V., obtained a grant of the royal arms,
surrounded with a bordure azure, charged alternately with martlets and
fleurs-de-lys
or.
Richard Duke of York, the younger brother of Edward V., carried
the argent label and
; George Duke of Clarence, the younger brother of
Richard III., carried the argent label, charged with the canton gules of
Clare.
I need not pursue this part of the subject any further, as this concludes
the Royal Heraldry of the monarchs specially connected with the
Minster, but the same plan continues to the present day. The children of
the sovereign have all differenced their arms with the label argent, the
younger sons charging
it with various devices.
We have not specimens of all the shields which I have mentioned
in the Minster.
The Royal Heraldry of the nave and chapter-house practically commemorates
Edward I. and his family. He is the central character intended
to be honoured or represented wherever the family shield is seen, or the
lions noticed ; and eight members of his " kith and kin " are represented
who participated in some way in the duties and pleasures of his life
here ;
who were probably each of them personally present here ;
and also,
probably, each contributed towards the building
or ornamentation of the
portion of the Minster which was in process of construction during his
reign, and in which we know he took much interest and pleasure. It
will be most convenient, I think, to notice these persons in chronological
order; and therefore we will commence with his uncles, represented by
the two shields on the first west window, north aisle nave (coloured
illustrations, plate 8),
the former charged with the double-headed, the
latter with the single-headed eagle.
FREDERICK II.
The shield of the double-headed eagle represents Frederick II.,
Emperor of Germany, who married Isabella, sister of Henry III. He was
the grandson of Frederick I., Barbarossa, monarch of the empire originally
established when, on the division of the empire of Charlemagne, his
grandson Louis, son of Louis le Debonnaire, was, by the treaty of Verdun,
843, made king of the Germans.
In 887 this title ceased to be hereditary, on the deposition of Charles
the fat, and thence became an elective monarchy under the title of
Emperor. In 962 the title of Emperor of Rome was assumed, and when
a successor was elected in the Emperor's lifetime, he was called the King