Judicial System

Judicial System in Saudi Arabia
ministers, representatives etc. – this has many applications.
In Prophet Mohammed era, he used to judge between
people himself (1) . As well, Prophet Mohammed assigned the
responsibility for judging between people to Ali Ibn Abe
Taleb, Maaz Ibn Jabel and Etab Ibn Aseed (2) (may Allah’s
mercy be upon them). In caliphs , eras, Abu Bakar Al Sidieq
(may Allah’s mercy be upon him) assigned responsibility for
judging between peoples in Medina to Omar Ibn Al Khatab
(may Allah’s mercy be upon him), and in turn, Omar Ibn
Al Khatab (may Allah’s mercy be upon him), during the
periods of Islam expansion, assigned that responsibility to
a judge in each region, so that is why Omar Ibn Al Khatab
(may Allah’s mercy be upon him) considered the founder
of distinguished judiciary in Islam, and as well he was the
first to set up divisions/ departments to organize the affairs
of people. (3) Moreover, Omar Ibn Al Khatab (may Allah’s
mercy be upon him) was the first to lay down a regime for
the judiciary as was mentioned in his lengthy letter to Abu
Musa Al Ashaari (may Allah’s mercy be upon him). (4)
The late Ibn Al Qaim said, ‘this is a great book acclaimed
by scholars and on which they based principles of making
(1) Some scholars wrote about judgeship and judgments during the Prophet
Mohammed era such as ‹Judgeship during Prophet Mohammed› by Ibn Al Talaa,
died in 497H, inquired by Dr. Mohammed Dia Al Rahman Al Aazami.
(2) See, ‘Three Powers in Islam’ by Sheikh Abdel Wahab Khilaf, p. 18 and the
following pages, first edition 1400H.
(3) See, ‘Three Powers in Islam’ by Abdel Wahab Khilaf, p. 32 and the following
pages, See also the ‘Three Powers’ by Al Tamawi, p. 423.
(4) See, ‘Aalam Al Muaqien an Rab al Alameen’ by Ibn Al Qaim, 1/91, inquired
by Abdurrahman Al Wakil.
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