The Network Society - University of Massachusetts Amherst

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Reshaping the State and its Relationship with Citizens 237 rewards, targets—are aligned to horizontally change is unlikely to happen. Finland has attempted to integrate horizontal goals much more deeply into government strategy. The US attempts to integrate intelligence and security operations are another current effort. 9 Stronger internal IT and knowledge management systems make it possible for government to become much more flexible, more task and project oriented, breaking away from classic administrative structures. However, most European governments remain traditionally organised into functional silos and change requires strong political will. Conclusions: public value and the state as infrastructure The broad future technological trends around e.government are reasonably predictable—more abundant bandwidth, capacity and speed; further digitisation; further miniaturisation; blurring of boundaries between hardware and bodies and biology; personalisation; more intensive conflicts over property rights and privacy; widening use of grid technologies. The precise forms that will be taken by technologies and their uses are far harder to predict—as recent experience over texting, blogs and mobile devices has shown. But the bigger idea that lies behind many of the trends in e.government is not so much a technological idea. It is rather that states are reshaping themselves to be less structures that directly provide services or achieve outcomes; instead they are becoming more like infrastructures, orchestrating complex systems with greater capacities for self-organisation, and engaged in co-creation of outcomes with citizens and civil society. This requires strong provision of common protocols; easily useable public systems; and legible underlying rules. Some of the effects will be to make government less visible—with more complex underlying processes but simpler interfaces. Some of the effects will be to make government more modular (for example in the design of funding, support systems and care), as part of the broader personalisation of the welfare state—maintaining principles of equity and universality but allowing much more variation and personalisation within the system. 9 Partly prefigured in Fountain Jane E. Building the Virtual State: Information Technology and Institutional Change (Washington DC: Brookings Institutions, 2001
238 The Network Society This is the radical potential of e.government. It promises both greater differentiation and greater integration: differentiation of services and public relationships, alongside greater integration in achievement of outcomes, service design and social inclusion. To the extent that it does this it contributes to public value, and more broadly to the productive contribution of the public sector to the wider economy.
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The Network Society From Knowledge
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Castells, Manuel and Cardoso, Gusta
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iv The Network Society Part III: Or
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Figures Figure 2.1—Businesses usi
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Tables Table 2.1—Technological Ac
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Notes on Contributors Jorge Sampaio
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Notes on Contributors xiii and Inst
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Notes on Contributors xv Francois B
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Acknowledgements Although dealing w
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Editor’s Preface This volume expl
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Editor’s Preface xxi analysis of
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Editor’s Preface xxiii in a diffe
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Part I: The Network Society: From K
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4 The Network Society Often, the em
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6 The Network Society social change
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8 The Network Society Let us start
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10 The Network Society instead of s
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14 The Network Society text made by
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16 The Network Society globalizatio
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18 The Network Society • At the s
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20 The Network Society Dilemmas of
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Chapter 2 Societies in Transition t
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Societies in Transition to the Netw
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These models that can be given the
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Table 2.2b International comparison
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Table 2.3 Use of the Internet per c
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are differences in the use of a tec
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Table 2.9 International comparison
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Table 2.10 Position of the informat
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Table 2.18 Relationship between wat
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Information Technology and the Worl
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In Section 4 we allocate the growth
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ut steadily for the region as a who
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input rose after 1995 from 0.72 per
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ution of IT investment after 1995 r
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Reports. We assume that IT capital
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Table 3.1 The World Economy: Shares
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Table 3.2: Levels of Output and Inp
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Table 3.3: Sources of Output Growth
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North Africa and Middle-East (11 Ec
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Innovation, Technology and Producti
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joint knowledge production—a role
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sonnel, realization of the Barcelon
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5. Activating Innovation Innovation
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Part III Organizational Reform and
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150 The Network Society interest to
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152 The Network Society Career civi
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154 The Network Society Figure 5.1
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160 The Network Society networked g
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180 The Network Society E-Clearance
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Uses of Internet and Mobile Technol
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Uses of Internet and Mobile Technol
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Free Software and Social and Econom
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A New Form of Production Free Softw
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the rich countries and those of the
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Internet and Society in a Global Pe
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The World Internet Project is based
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Internet Users Watch Less Televisio
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less. Would they watch the same amo
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tainment and the ways in which usag
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326 The Network Society 10. RFID (r
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Part VI: Policies of Transition to
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344 The Network Society 2. The Sing
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370 The Network Society Castells, M
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Introduction Policies of Transition
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European countries embraced ICT lat
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Policies of Transition to the Netwo
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The first ‘i’ is for informatio
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Chapter 17 ICT as a Part of the Chi
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ICT as a Part of the Chilean Strate
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