1

Unit
33 I have to
Thi5 is my m edicine. I have
t o t a k e i t t h r ee t im es a day.
I have to do so m ething = it is necessary
for m e to do it, I am obliged to do it
l/ w e/ you/ they have
he/ she/ it
has
to do
to w ork
to go
to w ear etc.
O I'll be late for w o rk tom orrow. I have to go to the dentist.
O Jane starts w o rk at 7 o'clock, so she has to get up at 6.
O You have to pass a test before you can get a driving licence.
Th e past (yesterday / last week etc.) is had to ...
O I was late for w o rk yesterday. I had to go to the dentist.
O W e had to w alk hom e last night. There were no buses.
In questions and negatives we use do/ does (p resent) and did (p ast): ^
p resen t
do
does
l/ w e/ you/ they
he/ she/ it
have to ... ?
l/ w e/ you/ they
he/ she/ it
don't
doesn't
have to
p a st
did
l/ w e/ yo u/ they
he/ she/ it
have to . . . ?
l/ w e/ you/ they
he/ she/ it
didn't have to ...
O W hat tim e do you have to go to the dentist tom orro w?
O Does jane have to w ork on Sundays?
O W h y did they have to leave the party early?
I don't have to (do so m ething ) = it is not necessary to do it:
O I'm not w orking tom orrow, so I don't have to get up early.
O Ian doesn't have to w ork very hard. He's got an easy job.
O W e didn't have to w ait very long for the bus - it cam e in a few m inutes.
m ust and have to
You can use m ust or have to w hen you say w hat y o u think is necessary, when you give y o u r opinion:
O It's a fantastic film . You m ust see it. o r You have to see it.
W hen you are n o t giving yo ur personal opinion, use have to (n o t m ust). Com pare:
O Jane w on't be at w o rk this afternoon. She has to go to the doctor.
(this is not m y personal opinion - it is a fact)
O Jane isn't well. She doesn't w ant to go to the doctor, but I told her she m ust go.
(this is m y personal o p inio n)
76 ( m ust / mustn't / don't need to Unit 31