Helmet-Mounted Displays: - USAARL - The - U.S. Army

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Optical Performance 157 Rucker, AL: U.S. Army Aeromedical Research Laboratory. USAARL Report No. 91-15. Davidoff, J. 1991. Cognition through color. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press. Defense Supply Agency. 1962. Military standardization handbook 141, optical design. Washington, DC: Defense Supply Agency. DeMars, S. A. 1975. Human factors considerations for the use of color in display systems. Cape Kennedy, FL: NASA. NASA TR-1329. Department of Defense. 1981. Military standard: Human engineering design criteria for military systems, equipment, and facilities. Washington, DC: Department of Defense. MIL-STD-1472C. Department of Defense. 1989. Military specification: Aviator’s Night Vision Imaging System AN/AVS-6(V)1, AN/AVS-6(V)2. Washington, DC: Department of Defense. MIL-A-49425 (CR). Department of the U.S. Navy. 1966. Optical man 382. Washington, DC: U.S Navy. Navy Training Course NAV Pers 10205. Dudfield, H. J. 1991. Colour head-up displays: help or hindrance? Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 35 th Annual Meeting. Edgar, G. K., Carr, K. T., Williams, M., and Clark, A. L. 1991. The effect upon visual performance of varying binocular overlap. AGARD Proceedings 517, pp. 8-1 to 8-15. Edwards, K. L., Buckle, J. w., Dotherty, M. J., Lee, L. J., Pratty, A. C., and White, J. F. 1997. An operationally-applicable objective method for the analysis and evaluation of the flights of helicopter mission task elements during field-of-view trials. Head-Mounted Displays II, Proceedings of SPIE, Vol. 3058, pp. 235-251. Farrell, R. J., and Booth, J. M. 1984. Design handbook for imagery interpretation equipment. Seattle: Boeing Aerospace Company. Feltz, J. C. 1990. Development of the modulation transfer function and contrast transfer function for discrete systems, particularly chargecoupled devices. Optical Engineering, Vol. 29, No. 8, pp. 893-904. Fernie, A. 1995. Helmet-mounted display with dual resolution. SID Digest of Application Papers, Vol. XXVI, pp. 37-40. Fischer, R. E. 1997. Fundamentals of HMD optics. Head mounted displays: Designing for the user. New York: McGraw-Hill, pp. 83-116. Genco, L. V. 1983. Optical interactions of aircraft windscreens and HUDs producing diplopia. Wright-Patterson, AFB: Air Force Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory. AFAMRL-TR-83-095. Gillingham, K. K., and Wolf, J. W. 1985. Spatial orientation in flight. Fundamentals of aerospace medicine. Philadelphia: Lea and Febiger.
158 Clarence E. Rash and William E. McLean Girolamo, H. J., Rash, C. E., and Gilroy, T. D. 1997. Advanced information displays for the 21 st -century warrior. Information Display, Vol. 13, No. 3, pp. 10-17. Glick, D. D., and Moser, C. E. 1974. Afterimages associated with using the AN/PVS-5, night vision goggle. Fort Rucker, AL: U.S. Army Aeromedical Research Laboratory. USAARL LR 75-1-7-1. Godfrey, G. W. 1982. Principles of display illumination techniques for aerospace vehicle crew stations. Aerospace Lighting Institute: Tampa, FL Gold, T. 1971. Visual disparity tolerances for head-up displays. Electro- Optical System Design Conference, Anaheim, CA. Gold, T., and Hyman, A. 1970. Visual requirements for head-up displays, final report, Phase I. Washington, DC: Office of Naval Research. JANAIR Report 680712. Greene, D. A. 1988. Night vision pilotage system field-of-view (FOV)/resolution tradeoff study flight experiment report. Fort Belvior, VA: U.S. Army Night Vision Laboratory. NV 1-26. Hale, S., and Piccione, D. 1990. Pilot performance assessment of the AH- 64 helmet display unit. Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD: U.S. Army Human Engineering Laboratory. Technical Note 1-90. Harding, T. H., Beasley, H. H., Martin, J. S., and Rash, C. E. 1998. Optical and biodynamic evaluation of the Helmet Integrated Display Sight System (HIDSS) for the RAH-66 Comanche development and validation program phase. Fort Rucker, AL: U.S. Army Aeromedical Research Laboratory. In preparation. Harding, T. H., Martin, J. S., Beasley, H. H., and Rash, C. E. 1996. Figures of merit and performance specifications for the IHADSS and ANVIS. Fort Rucker, AL: U.S. Army Aeromedical Research Laboratory. USAARL Report No. 96-13. Hart, S. G., and Brickner, M. S. 1989. Helmet-mounted pilot night vision systems: Human factors issues. Spatial Displays and Spatial Instruments. Moffett Field, CA: NASA Harvey, L. O. 1970. Survey of visual research literature on military problems during World War II. Arlington, VA: Institute for Defense Analysis. Haworth, L. A., Szoboszlay, Z. P., Kasper, E. F., DeMaio, J., and Halmos, Z. L. 1996. In-flight simulation of visionic field-of-view restrictions
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Helmet-Mounted Displays: Design Iss
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The views, opinions, and/or finding
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vi Contents 4. Visual Coupling Clar
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viii Contents References ..........
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x Ben T. Mozo, Research Physicist U
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xii Foreword began its phenomenal e
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xiv Preface Acknowledgments The aut
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Introductory Overview 1 Clarence E.
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Introductory Overview 5 Figure 1.2.
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Introductory Overview 7 The trend f
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Introductory Overview 9
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Introductory Overview 11 aviator to
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Introductory Overview 13 1970's. Ta
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Introductory Overview 15 Image sour
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Introductory Overview 17
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Table 1.3. HMD performance figures-
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Introductory Overview 21 direct vie
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Introductory Overview 23 Figure 1.9
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Introductory Overview 25 Figure 1.1
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Introductory Overview 27 Ercoline,
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Introductory Overview 29 II, Procee
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Introductory Overview 31 Armstrong
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34 Clarence E. Rash, Melissa H. Led
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40 Liquid crystal Clarence E. Rash,
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Optical Designs 3 William E. McLean
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Optical Designs 57 and plotted in l
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Optical Designs 59 phosphors, (b) u
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Optical Designs 61 optics. Examples
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Optical Designs 63
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prism combiner. Optical Designs 65
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Figure 3.2. (continued) Optical Des
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Optical Designs 69
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Optical Designs 71 Figure 3.4. Comp
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Optical Designs 73 Figure 3.6. Opti
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Optical Designs 75 Figure 3.8. Refl
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Optical Designs 77 Figure 3.9. Ray
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Optical Designs 79 incidence and re
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80 Clarence E. Rash hinted at befor
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82 Clarence E. Rash metal tolerant
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84 Clarence E. Rash the performance
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86 Clarence E. Rash Figure 4.3. Hig
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88 Clarence E. Rash imagery in HMDs
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90 Clarence E. Rash as with ANVIS.
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92 Clarence E. Rash performance, on
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94 Clarence E. Rash effects on visu
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96 Clarence E. Rash concerning roll
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98 Aeromedical Research Laboratory.
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DESIGN ISSUES PART TWO
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102 Clarence E. Rash and William E.
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104 Contrast Clarence E. Rash and W
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Page 189 and 190: Visual Performance 171 observer is
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Page 197 and 198: Visual Performance 179 individuals
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Page 201 and 202: Visual Performance 183 Report No. 9
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Page 205 and 206: Biodynamics 187 behavior of this de
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Page 211 and 212: Biodynamics 193 al., 1972), and man
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Type Reference helmet Foam in place
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Biodynamics 209 the fitting problem
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Biodynamics 211 adjustment buckle,
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Biodynamics 213 down. The helmet ma
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Biodynamics 215 Desert Shield/Deser
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Biodynamics 217 Donelson, S. M., an
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219 Fort Rucker, AL: U.S. Army Aero
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220 Ben T. Mozo Figure 8.1. Noise l
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222 Ben T. Mozo available in the ne
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224 Ben T. Mozo Protectors”(ANSI,
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226 Ben T. Mozo language. Tests of
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228 Ben T. Mozo Figure 8.6. Speech
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230 Ben T. Mozo the communications
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232 Ben T. Mozo Item Mass (grams) C
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Ribera, J. E., and Mozo, B. T. Unda
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236 Joseph R. Licina operational us
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238 Joseph R. Licina Standard MIL-S
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240 Joseph R. Licina On electro-opt
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242 Joseph R. Licina For HMDs with
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244 Joseph R. Licina 1994b) that wi
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246 Joseph R. Licina Table 9.2. Hea
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248 Joseph R. Licina provided a 93.
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250 Joseph R. Licina and buckles, a
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252 Joseph R. Licina authorized to
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254 Joseph R. Licina a nuclear flas
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256 Joseph R. Licina requirements:
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HMD PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT PART THR
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262 Clarence E. Rash, John C. Mora,
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Glossary 11
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270 making stereoposis possible. Bi
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272 John C. Mora and M elissa H. Le
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NOTES ON CONTRIBUTORS Melissa H. Le
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Notes on Contributors 281 Research
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284 Index Breakaway force (see Fran
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286 Index movement, 55, 80, 84, 90,
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288 Index 198, 204, 205, 208, 210,
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290 Index Microphone, 15, 186, 224,
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292 Index Speech intelligibility (S
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