D. Comm<strong>on</strong> names, trade names, and orig<strong>in</strong>al manufacturers of herbicides. Comm<strong>on</strong> name Trade names Bensulfur<strong>on</strong> Bentaz<strong>on</strong> Bifenox Butachlor Butral<strong>in</strong> Chlomethoxynil C<strong>in</strong>methyl<strong>in</strong> 2,4-D Dimethametryn + piperophos Fenoxaprop Fluorodifen Glyphosate MCPA Mol<strong>in</strong>ate Oxadiaz<strong>on</strong> Oxyfluorfen Paraquat Pendimethal<strong>in</strong> Piperophos Pretilachlor Propanil Qu<strong>in</strong>clorac Thiobencarb L<strong>on</strong>dax Basagran Modown Machete, Butanex, Lambast, Pillarsete Amex, Tamex Ekkusug<strong>on</strong>i C<strong>in</strong>ch, Argold Aqua Kleen, Demise, Ester<strong>on</strong>, <strong>Weed</strong>-B-G<strong>on</strong>, <strong>Weed</strong><strong>on</strong>e Avirosan Whip Preforan Roundup, Rodeo, Shackle, Spas<strong>on</strong> Agrox<strong>on</strong>e, Agritox, Zelan, Chiptox, Frasan, Vacate Ordram, Arrosolo R<strong>on</strong>star Goal, Koltar Gramox<strong>on</strong>e, Paracol, Cekuquat, Scythe, Sweep Prowl, Herbadox, Gogosan, Stomp Rilof Sofit, Rifit. Solnet Stam F-34, Surcopur, Riselect, Dipram, Stampede Facet Saturn, Tamariz, Bolero. Siacarb, Saturno Year Orig<strong>in</strong>al <strong>in</strong>troduced manufacturer 1984 1970 1970 1969 1971 1972 1982 1942 1969 1982 1968 1971 1945 1964 1969 1974 1958 1972 1969 1982 1953 1984 1965 DuP<strong>on</strong>t BASF Rh<strong>on</strong>e-Poulenc M<strong>on</strong>santo Uni<strong>on</strong> Carbide Nih<strong>on</strong> Nohyaku Co. DuP<strong>on</strong>t Amchem Products Inc. Ciba-Geigy Hoechst-Roussel Ciba-Geigy M<strong>on</strong>santo ICI Stauffer Rh<strong>on</strong>e-Poulenc Rohm & Haas ICI American Cyanamid Ciba-Geigy Ciba-Geigy Rohm & Haas BASF Kumiai Chemical Industry, Chevr<strong>on</strong> Chemical Appendices 109
Index A Absorpti<strong>on</strong> of herbicide, 50, 52, 62, 63 Acanthospermum hispidum, 66 Acetolactase synthase, 70 Acid equivalents, 60 Active <strong>in</strong>gredient, 53, 55, 61 Adjuvant, 53 Adsorpti<strong>on</strong> of herbicide, 51 Aeschynomene aspera, 98 Aeschynomene virg<strong>in</strong>ica, 66, 80 Africa, 42, 78, 83, 87, 91, 92, 95, 100, 101, 102 Ageratum c<strong>on</strong>yzoides L., 3, 27, 66, 91 Aizoaceae, 25 Alachlor, 101 Allelopathy, 2 Alternanthera sessilis, 66 Aman, 83 Amaranthaceae, 26 Amaranthus sp<strong>in</strong>osus L., 26, 66, 91 Amaranthus spp., 3,4 Ammania cocc<strong>in</strong>ea, 66 Angola, 28, 31 Anilides, 65 Annual weeds, 1, 65 herbicide effects <strong>on</strong>, 50 life cycles, 5 Antidotes, 49, 78, 86, 88 Aphelenchoides oryzae, 2 Applicators for herbicides hydraulic, 56 granular, 56 n<strong>on</strong>pressurized, 55-56 pressurized, 55-56 Aquatic weeds, 2 dra<strong>in</strong>age effect <strong>on</strong>, 44 Argent<strong>in</strong>a, 9, 26, 29, 31, 33, 35 Aryl acylamidase, 50, 67 Asia, 18, 42, 73, 76, 80, 83, 87, 92, 99, 100, 102 Asteraceae, 9, 27 Atraz<strong>in</strong>e, 101 Australia, 10, 20, 22, 25, 26, 27, 42, 73, 78, 80, 102 Azolla, 45 B Bacterial leaf blight, 2 Bangladesh, 9, 11, 12, 16, 19, 20, 23, 26, 28, 29, 30, 38, 76, 83, 85, 87, 95, 101 Bensulfur<strong>on</strong>, 66, 67, 70, 71, 72, 73, 75, 78, 84, 85, 99 Bentaz<strong>on</strong>, 51, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 71, 75, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 93, 94, 96, 97, 99, 101,102 Bhutan, 83 Bidens pilosa, 66 Bifenox, 66, 67, 68, 69, 75, 78, 86, 93, 94, 97 Biological c<strong>on</strong>trol, 45 Brachiara mutica, 66 Brachiara spp., 3 Brazil, 11, 12, 15, 16, 19, 20, 26, 27, 29, 30, 31, 32, 34, 37, 38, 91, 92, 101 Broadcast seeded rice, 73, 83 hand weed<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>, 77, optimum seed<strong>in</strong>g rate, 43 110 <strong>Weed</strong> c<strong>on</strong>trol handbook yield less due to weeds, 1 Brown spot, 2 Bul<strong>in</strong>us spp., 2 Burn<strong>in</strong>g, 44 Butachlor, 49, 55, 59, 62, 65, 66, 67, 69, 71, 72, 73, 75, 77, 78, 79, 80, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 93, 94, 96, 97,100 Butanex, 55 Butral<strong>in</strong>, 66, 67, 68, 77, 78, 79, 80, 86, 87, 88, 89, 93, 94, 96, 97 Bypiridiliums, 68 C C3 plants, 3 drought tolerance, 4 C4 plants, 3 drought tolerance, 4 Cambodia, 11, 12, 23, 25, 26, 29, 31, 34, 35, 37, 38, 39, 95 Camero<strong>on</strong>, 35 Carbamate, 50 Carboxylic esters, 52 Carp, 62, 67, 70, 71 Catfish, 68, 71 Ceratophyllum demersum, 2 Chamysyce hirta (L.) Millsp., 30 Chile, 31 Ch<strong>in</strong>a, 18,100 Chlomethoxynil, 66, 67, 71 Chlometoxyfen, see Chlomethoxynil C<strong>in</strong>methyl<strong>in</strong>, 66, 67, 71 Cochliobolus miyabeanus, 2 Colombia, 19, 21, 27, 32, 101 Commel<strong>in</strong>aceae, 7, 28 Commel<strong>in</strong>a benghalensis, 4, 5, 8, 28, 66 Competiti<strong>on</strong> between rice and weeds, 3-4 critical period, 4 Compositae, 9 C<strong>on</strong>tact herbicides, 49 water requirement, 59 C<strong>on</strong>tent of herbicides, 55 C<strong>on</strong>t<strong>in</strong>uous rice, 1 C<strong>on</strong>trolled-droplet applicator, 55, 56-57, 59 C<strong>on</strong>volvulaceae, 39 Crop rotati<strong>on</strong>, 1, 42 Cultivar, 76, 79, 84, 86, 88, 91, 96 Cultural practices, 2 Cynod<strong>on</strong> dactyl<strong>on</strong> (L.) Pers., 3, 5, 31, 41, 66 Cyperaceae, 7, 10-13, 29 Cyperus difformis L., 3, 10, 66, 73, 83, 85, 87 Cyperus esculentus, 66 Cyperus iria L., 2, 11, 66, 73, 83, 85 Cyperus rotundus L., 3, 5, 7, 29, 66, 102 2,4-D, 49, 51, 60, 63, 66, 67, 69, 75, 77, 78, 80, 81, 82, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 93, 94, 97, 99, 102 D Dactyloctenium aegyptium, 66 Deepwater rice, 96 cultivar, 96 fertilizer, 96 hand weed<strong>in</strong>g, 97, 98 herbicides, 97, 98 land preparati<strong>on</strong>, 96 N applicati<strong>on</strong> tim<strong>in</strong>g, 43 plant<strong>in</strong>g method, 96 plant populati<strong>on</strong>, 96 weed c<strong>on</strong>trol <strong>in</strong>, 95-98 weed problems, 95 Density of plant<strong>in</strong>g, 43 Detoxificati<strong>on</strong>, 50 Dicotyled<strong>on</strong>s, 8 Diffusi<strong>on</strong> of herbicides, 50 Digitaria adscendens, 2 Digitaria sangu<strong>in</strong>alis (L.) Scop., 2, 32, 66 Digitaria spp., 3 Dimethametryn, 66, 67, 70, 75, 78, 79, 84, 85, 86, 93, 95, 96, 97 D<strong>in</strong>itroanil<strong>in</strong>es, 68 Diphenyl ethers, 68 Direct seeded rice herbicide relativity <strong>in</strong>, 50 N applicati<strong>on</strong> tim<strong>in</strong>g, 43 <strong>on</strong> dry soil, for weed c<strong>on</strong>trol, 78-79, 88 cultivar, 79, 88 fertilizer, 88 hand weed<strong>in</strong>g, 77, 79, 88 herbicides, 79, 88 herbicide use, 77, 88 land preparati<strong>on</strong>, 78, 88 plant<strong>in</strong>g method, 79, 88 water management, 79, 88 weed problems, 78, 87 <strong>on</strong> puddled soil, for weed c<strong>on</strong>trol, 76, 85-86 cultivar, 76, 86 fertilizer, 76, 86 hand weed<strong>in</strong>g, 77, 87 herbicides, 77, 87 herbicide use, 77, 78, 86 land preparati<strong>on</strong>, 76, 86 plant<strong>in</strong>g method, 76, 86 plant populati<strong>on</strong>, 76, 86 water management, 76, 86 weed problems, 76, 85 yield loss due to weeds, 1 Diseases, 2 Dom<strong>in</strong>ican Republic, 19 Drill seeded rice, 73, 83 deep drill<strong>in</strong>g seeds, 43 hand weed<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>, 77 N applicati<strong>on</strong> tim<strong>in</strong>g, 43 residual herbicide applicati<strong>on</strong> <strong>in</strong>, 51 yield loss due to weeds, 1 Drought, stress symptoms, 3 effects <strong>on</strong> crop growth, 4, 42 effects <strong>on</strong> herbicide activity, 50 E Ech<strong>in</strong>ochloa col<strong>on</strong>a (L.) L<strong>in</strong>k, 2, 4, 8, 33, 66, 100 Ech<strong>in</strong>ochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv., 2, 8, 16, 49, 50, 66, 73, 80, 81, 85, 87, 100 Ech<strong>in</strong>ochloa crus-galli ssp. crus-galli var. crus-galli, 16
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